The document discusses the various aspects of psychosocial health, emphasizing the importance of emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual wellness. It covers topics such as resiliency, self-esteem, the impact of family and environment, mental health disorders, and seeking professional help. It highlights the complexity of emotional responses and stresses the need for social support and effective coping strategies.

1. 1
Chapter 2
Psychosocial Health: Achieving
Mental, Emotional, Social, and
Spiritual Wellness
Part 1 Finding the Right Balance

2. 2
Psychosocial
Dimensions Of
Health
INTELLECTUAL (thinking)
EMOTIONAL (feeling)
SOCIAL (relationships)
SPIRITUAL (being)

3. 3
Psychosocial Health
 How we face life’s up and
downs
 Challenges
 Disappointments
 Joys frustrations
 Pain
 Complex interaction
 Between a person’s history
and conscious & unconscious
thoughts + interpretations of
the past

4. 4
Resiliency
Characteristics
PS Health
 Feel good about
themselves
 Feel comfortable with
people
 Control tension &
stress
 Meet the demands of
life
 Curb hate & guilt
 Positive outlook
 Enrich the lives of
others
 Cherish things that
make them smile
 Value diversity
 Appreciate nature

5. 5
Consider Your Personal
Psychosocial
HEALTH !

6. 6
INTELLECTUAL HEALTH
The Thinking You
The ability to:
 reason / interpret / remember
 sense / perceive / evaluate
 solve problems / sort through clutter
of life
Positive / negative development
 develop healthy attitudes & beliefs -
body, family, relationships, and life
 learn, understand, appreciate
 differences / contradictions

7. 7
EMOTIONAL HEALTH
Intense FEELINGS / SUBJECTIVE
Minute to minute
Day to day
 Loving
 Caring
 Hating
 Hurt
 Despair
 Release
 Joy
 Anxiety
 Fear
 Frustration
 Anger
The emotional
experience

8. 8
Lazarus - Four Basic Types
EMOTIONS
 Emotions from harm,
loss or threats
 From benefits
 Borderline - hope and
compassion
 Complex - grief,
disappointment,
bewilderment and
curiosity

9. 9
EMOTIONAL RESPONSES
(Non Life-threatening)
HEALTH vs. UNHEALTHY
Healthy:
 Stable
 Appropriate
 Non-extreme
 Behave consistently
 Adopt an offensive
attack mode
Unhealthy:
 Feelings overpower
 Highly volatile
 Unpredictable emotional
outbursts
 Frightening responses
 Verbal / physical violence

10. 10
Emotions & Social Interactions
Display
 Hostility
 Withdrawn
 Mood
fluctuations
 Grumpy
 Nasty
 Hurtful
 Get Help!!!!

11. 11
SOCIAL HEALTH
Interactions With Others
Achievement and Maintenance of Health
Social bonds
 Provide intimacy
 Belonging / integration
 Give / receive nurturance
 Provide reassurance of worth
 Assistance & guidance
 Providing advice
 Feel connected to life & live
 Unconditional
Love?

12. 12
Social Support
Expressive Support
 Emotional Support /
Encouragement
Structural Support
 Housing / Money
 Children - Families
Expressive & Structural
 Adults - Develop Own
Social network - Friends /
Family

13. 13
Prejudice Cults & Social Health
 Extreme groups /
belonging + support
 Cults
 Elements / social
health
 Negative
representation
 Aggressive
 Hate
 Bias

14. 14
Spiritual Health
Difficult-to-describe Element That Gives Zest For Life
 A unifying force that gives propose or meaning
to life
 Nature, family, religion, community
 Egocentric / self orientated
 Clothing, car, home, possessions
 Western civilization denies spiritual until later
in life
 Death, failed relationships,
 Midlife crisis - sense of spiritual bankruptcy
 What if i die tomorrow

15. 15
Factors Influencing Psychosocial Health
easy to define
difficult to assess
 Psychosocially well
 Virtually all the time
 Some of the time
 Almost never
 External influences
 Family - adjustments
 Dysfunctional families
 Greater environment
 Where you live
 Education
 Access to health
services

16. 16
External Influences
Family Situations
 healthy / supportive /nurturing /
happiness
OR!
 violence / sexual, physical,
emotional abuse / distrust /
anger / dietary deprivation
 Dysfunctional families
Greater Environment
 Where you live / safety /
stressors / threats
 Education / Lifestyle
 Access to health services

17. 17
Internal Influences
 Hereditary traits
 Hormonal functioning
 Physical health status
Formative years
school, sports, self
perception, job,
relationships
 Personal worth
 Self Esteem

18. 18
SELF PERCEPTION
Believing in Yourself
 Self - efficacy
 Personal control
 Learned
helplessness
 Belief in your ability to
perform a task successfully
 Internal resources allow
you to control a situation
 Past failures influence what
you do now - ‘I give up’ /
‘why bother’

19. 19
Personality & Freud
 Id
 Ego
 Superego
 Unconscious desire for
immediate gratification
 wants and needs- disregards
laws / society / others
 Personality forces that restrain
the Id - Satisfy the Id in socially
acceptable ways
 Personality forces that act as our
conscious

20. 20
Psychology…
 Behavioral
psychology
 Developmental
psychology
 Humanistic
psychology
 B.F. Skinner - all behavior
learned by reward and
punishment
Right Vs. Wrong
 Personality +development
of emotional health
successful completion of
tasks at various ages
 Emotional well being
based on hierarchy of
needs

21. 21
Life Span and Maturity
 Personality
impossible to define
 Dynamic
 Temperaments
change as we grow
 Early development
or lack can influence
our lives
 Self-esteem - sense of
self, respect &
confidence

22. 22
Developing and Maintaining
Self-Esteem
 Perception from others
 Internalized / realized/
demonstrated
 Strength training for
self-esteem
 Find A support group
peers who: share values,
goals, positive, honest
 Help you develop as a
person
Learn To See Yourself

23. 23
Self-Esteem.., continued
 Forming realistic
expectations
 life is not all Or
nothing
 Taking and making
time for yourself
 Maintaining physical
health
 Examining problems
and seeking help (if
required)

24. 24
Getting Adequate Amounts of
Rest
 fix worries or grief
 alcohol or smoking
 avoid heavy meals
 reduce caffeine
 avoid daytime naps
 spend an hour resting
before trying to sleep
 don’t worry about sleep
 clocks / out of direct sight
 sleep at regular schedules

25. 25
When Thing Go Wrong
Depression……………….
 Endogenous - biochemical
disorder (neurotransmitter)
 Exogenous - external cause
 Symptoms Similar:
sadness
joyless
loss of interest - work / school
fatigue
hopelessness / worthlessness
sleeplessness
Facts & Fallacies
 Real Depression not a
natural reaction to crisis
and loss
 People will not ‘snap
out’ of depression with a
little will power - leading
cause of suicide
 Frequent crying not
related to depression
 Depression is not “all in
the mind”
 Genetic predisposition
 many causes
 many treatments

26. 26
Depression…… continued
Facts & Fallacies
 Real Depression not a natural
reaction to crisis and loss
 People will not ‘snap out’ of
depression with a little will power -
leading cause of suicide
 Frequent crying not related to
depression
 Depression is not “all in the mind”
 Genetic predisposition
 many causes
 many treatments

27. 27
Treating Depression
Psychotherapeutic
social & interpersonal
 cognitive - view life
rationally / less
pessimistic
 6 to 8 months
 & interpersonal therapy -
correct chronic human
relationship problems
Pharmacological
 relieve symptoms - sleep &
appetite
Antidepressant drugs - 80%
Electroconvulsive therapy
shock treatment
every 5 seconds for 15 to 20
minutes

28. 28
Other Disorders………...
Obsessive
compulsive
disorder
- a disorder
characterized by
obsessive thoughts or
habitual behavior
that can not be
controlled
 cleanliness - washing
hand 20 times before
eating
 pulling out hair
 self mutilation
 causes are unclear
 avoiding deeper
problems
 lack of neurotransmitter
serotonin ( emotion +
motivation)

29. 29
Anxiety Disorders
 Disorders characterized
by persistent feeling of
anxiety in coping with
everyday problems of
living……..,
 fatigue, back pains,
headaches, unreality,
 weakness in legs, and
losing control.

30. 30
Phobias and others
 Phobias: A deep and persistent
fear of a specific object, activity,
situation
 spiders, flying, heights, public
speaking, eating in public places
 Panic Attacks:
 Disabling Terror
 breathing, heart rate, sweating,
shaking, choking, trembling
 Heart Attack
 Biochemical imbalance

31. 31
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Light Therapy - Mimics Sunlight
A Type of Depression
“the winter blues”
reduced sunlight
irritability, apathy, CHO craving,
weight gain, more sleep & sadness.
Hypothalamus function
external stimuli
response regulator
women 4X more than men
ages 20 to 40
Canadians at high risk
Latitude matters………………

32. 32
Suicide: Giving Up On Life
A Cry for Help, Gone Wrong
 3,500 each year
 University Students
 poor coping skills
 lack of social support
 low self-esteem
 perspective of
negative situation
 women attempt 4X
the rate of men
 men are 3X more
successful

33. 33
Suicide……….. Continued...
 Risk Factors
 family history
 previous attempts
 drug / alcohol
 depression…...
 financial
 loss of loved one
 death or rejection

34. 34
Warning Signals of Suicide
 I can’t take it
anymore
 I might as well end it
 soon the pain will be
over
 giving away prized
possessions
 loss of interest
 personality change
 risk taking
 personal appearance
 drug / alcohol use

35. 35
Suicide……. Continued!
 monitor warning signals
 take threats seriously
 tell them you care & are there
for them
 listen
 ask directly
 don’t challenge the attempt
 alternatives
 get help / remove pills / guns
etc……..
 tell family members

36. 36
When do I need help????
 I think I need it
 mood swings
 problems effect daily life
 withdrawn
 hallucinations
 life - worth living?
 Inadequate / worthless
 emotional response &
situation don’t match
 crises
 Can’t get act together
suicidal
drugs/alcohol use

37. 37
Seeking Professional Help!
 Psychiatrist: Licensed Physician
specialists mental / emotional disorders
 Psychoanalyst: reveals past traumas
blocking personal growth
 Clinical /Psychiatric Social worker:
Mater’s Degree, work in clinical
settings/ sometimes insured by employee
assistance programs
 Counsellor: Wide variety of services,
academic - family, relationship, self-
esteem, behaviours……
 Anyone can have the title of Counsellor-
 so check them out!