Presentation_on_seminar in education.pptxfolabikglobal
The document provides guidelines for writing and presenting a seminar paper at Ambo University's College of Business and Economics. It outlines the objectives of the seminar, which are to develop writing and presentation skills, review contemporary development issues, and practice locating and assessing scientific literature. The document discusses the structure of a seminar paper and provides details on the key elements, which generally include a title, introduction, body, and conclusion. It also provides guidance on formatting, citations, and references and notes the purpose is to familiarize students with their subject methodology.
The document discusses what an essay is and the key elements it contains. An essay is a structured piece of academic writing between 500-5000 words that takes a perspective on a particular subject through arguments and evidence. It aims to inform or persuade the reader. There are different types of essays such as descriptive, argumentative, and persuasive. The document also discusses how to write a good research paper by outlining the steps, which include choosing a topic, researching, developing a thesis statement, outlining, organizing data, drafting, and revising. It defines what an annotated bibliography is as a descriptive and critical summary of sources used for research. Standard annotated bibliography format includes a citation and annotation summarizing the source.
This document provides an overview of academic writing. It defines academic writing as the formal writing style used in colleges and universities that is expected of students and researchers. Some key characteristics are a formal tone, precise language, third-person point of view, research focus, logical organization, and inclusion of citations. The document also distinguishes between primary sources as original materials, secondary sources as analyses of primary sources, and tertiary sources as compilations of other sources. Finally, it outlines the essential steps of selecting a topic, researching, developing a thesis, outlining, writing drafts, revising, and proofreading.
The document provides an overview of the MLA (Modern Language Association) style manual and its application in academic research writing. It discusses key aspects of MLA style such as formatting the research paper, using in-text citations, and compiling the Works Cited list. The document explains that MLA style is commonly used in the humanities and requires parenthetical citations within the text that refer to sources listed in a Works Cited page. It provides examples and guidelines for various citation components in both the parenthetical in-text citations and the Works Cited list entries according to the MLA handbook.
Guide to know about components of Research Paper and how to write one. Deep understanding of components.
According to Goddard and Melville (2001, p.1), research goes beyond the process of gathering information; rather, it is also about finding answers to unanswered questions as part of discovering and/or creating new knowledge. And in order for this newly discovered or created knowledge to be recognized or noticed, you have to prove that it is valid.
Determining the validity of your study is anchored on your research paper’s methodology. According to Somekh and Lewin (2005), a research methodology is both “the collection of methods or rules” you apply to your research, as well as the “principles, theories, and values” that support your research approach. Simply put, a research paper’s methodology section must shed light on how you were able to collect or generate your research data and demonstrate how you analyze them (SHU Library, 2020).
For novice researchers, writing the methodology of a research paper can be an overwhelming process, especially considering the intricate elements covered by this section (J. Ellis & Levy, 2009, p. 323). The goal of this article is to guide novice researchers in writing an effective research methodology by helping them gain a clear understanding of a research methodology’s structure.
Academic writing guidelines for social sciences provides guidance on three main types of writing: academic writing, popular writing, and technical writing. Academic writing is intended for in-depth research using specialized vocabulary and citations. Popular writing aims to entertain, persuade, and inform a general audience without citations. Technical writing documents processes through user manuals, reports, and other documents using precise language. The document also outlines principles of academic writing and provides guidance on research proposals, abstracts, essays, sources, the APA and MLA styles, and qualitative data analysis techniques.
This document provides homework instructions for a class that includes answering questions about a potential class project, reading about annotated bibliographies, and bringing printed answers to the next class. It also provides information about what annotated bibliographies are, including that they summarize and evaluate sources, and examples of annotated bibliography entries.
This document provides an overview of how to write a research paper. It begins by explaining why learning to write research papers is important for college students. It then outlines the typical structure of a research paper, including sections like the abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. The document discusses how to choose a research topic and gather materials. It provides guidance on writing each section and emphasizes using a consistent format for citations and references. The goal is to teach students the key components of a successful research paper.
Presentation_on_seminar in education.pptxfolabikglobal
The document provides guidelines for writing and presenting a seminar paper at Ambo University's College of Business and Economics. It outlines the objectives of the seminar, which are to develop writing and presentation skills, review contemporary development issues, and practice locating and assessing scientific literature. The document discusses the structure of a seminar paper and provides details on the key elements, which generally include a title, introduction, body, and conclusion. It also provides guidance on formatting, citations, and references and notes the purpose is to familiarize students with their subject methodology.
The document discusses what an essay is and the key elements it contains. An essay is a structured piece of academic writing between 500-5000 words that takes a perspective on a particular subject through arguments and evidence. It aims to inform or persuade the reader. There are different types of essays such as descriptive, argumentative, and persuasive. The document also discusses how to write a good research paper by outlining the steps, which include choosing a topic, researching, developing a thesis statement, outlining, organizing data, drafting, and revising. It defines what an annotated bibliography is as a descriptive and critical summary of sources used for research. Standard annotated bibliography format includes a citation and annotation summarizing the source.
This document provides an overview of academic writing. It defines academic writing as the formal writing style used in colleges and universities that is expected of students and researchers. Some key characteristics are a formal tone, precise language, third-person point of view, research focus, logical organization, and inclusion of citations. The document also distinguishes between primary sources as original materials, secondary sources as analyses of primary sources, and tertiary sources as compilations of other sources. Finally, it outlines the essential steps of selecting a topic, researching, developing a thesis, outlining, writing drafts, revising, and proofreading.
The document provides an overview of the MLA (Modern Language Association) style manual and its application in academic research writing. It discusses key aspects of MLA style such as formatting the research paper, using in-text citations, and compiling the Works Cited list. The document explains that MLA style is commonly used in the humanities and requires parenthetical citations within the text that refer to sources listed in a Works Cited page. It provides examples and guidelines for various citation components in both the parenthetical in-text citations and the Works Cited list entries according to the MLA handbook.
Guide to know about components of Research Paper and how to write one. Deep understanding of components.
According to Goddard and Melville (2001, p.1), research goes beyond the process of gathering information; rather, it is also about finding answers to unanswered questions as part of discovering and/or creating new knowledge. And in order for this newly discovered or created knowledge to be recognized or noticed, you have to prove that it is valid.
Determining the validity of your study is anchored on your research paper’s methodology. According to Somekh and Lewin (2005), a research methodology is both “the collection of methods or rules” you apply to your research, as well as the “principles, theories, and values” that support your research approach. Simply put, a research paper’s methodology section must shed light on how you were able to collect or generate your research data and demonstrate how you analyze them (SHU Library, 2020).
For novice researchers, writing the methodology of a research paper can be an overwhelming process, especially considering the intricate elements covered by this section (J. Ellis & Levy, 2009, p. 323). The goal of this article is to guide novice researchers in writing an effective research methodology by helping them gain a clear understanding of a research methodology’s structure.
Academic writing guidelines for social sciences provides guidance on three main types of writing: academic writing, popular writing, and technical writing. Academic writing is intended for in-depth research using specialized vocabulary and citations. Popular writing aims to entertain, persuade, and inform a general audience without citations. Technical writing documents processes through user manuals, reports, and other documents using precise language. The document also outlines principles of academic writing and provides guidance on research proposals, abstracts, essays, sources, the APA and MLA styles, and qualitative data analysis techniques.
This document provides homework instructions for a class that includes answering questions about a potential class project, reading about annotated bibliographies, and bringing printed answers to the next class. It also provides information about what annotated bibliographies are, including that they summarize and evaluate sources, and examples of annotated bibliography entries.
This document provides an overview of how to write a research paper. It begins by explaining why learning to write research papers is important for college students. It then outlines the typical structure of a research paper, including sections like the abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. The document discusses how to choose a research topic and gather materials. It provides guidance on writing each section and emphasizes using a consistent format for citations and references. The goal is to teach students the key components of a successful research paper.
This document defines and describes different types of outlines. It explains that an outline can be used to summarize a text, show how parts of a text relate to each other, and serve as a map or plan for an essay. The document discusses benefits of outlining, such as gaining an overview of a topic and testing one's understanding. It also defines two types of outlines - reading outlines made while studying a text, and writing outlines made before writing an essay. Finally, it provides examples of two main types of outlines - topic outlines and sentence outlines - and describes a traditional outline format.
This document outlines sources for related literature and provides a step-by-step approach to drafting a literature review. Potential sources include books, journals, newspapers, theses, reports, and legal documents. Primary sources are books and magazines, while secondary sources include the internet. A literature review should define its goal, research relevant texts, summarize publications and relate them to the thesis, develop the review logically over time, and include a references list.
Freedom in America Paper Assignment Step 1 Pick a topic. WhSusanaFurman449
Freedom in America Paper Assignment
Step 1:
Pick a topic. What topic are you most interested in pertaining to this course? What is a topic you would be interested in writing a paper on? Your topic should not be too broad. For example, the Harlem Renaissance, is too broad. Focusing on a specific cause of the downfall of Reconstruction is a possible topic.
Step 2:
Research the internet and the library for primary sources, or first hand accounts of documents that relate to your topic. Analyze at least
at least ONE
primary source for your paper, you may use more than 1, but you must use at least 1.
Step 3:
Analyze.
When analyzing your document, thoroughly scrutinize the document, what it says, and the argument. Look through “
Guidelines for Analyzing a Primary Source
” (below) to help you come up with a complete analysis of your primary source(s).
Step 4:
Choose at least 4 books and/or articles
from the library or online journals from the library’s online databases. For journal articles, go to UD’s Library database section. For the databases section, articles on U.S. History can be found through Jstor and Project Muse.
*Do not use any encyclopedia sources or the class readings as a
secondary
source. If you use a website, it must be approved by the Instructor. You may use them as a reference, but these do not count towards your secondary sources.
Step 5:
Make sure you have a
thesis
statement
. This is the most important sentence in your paper. The thesis should be located in the first paragraph of your paper. The statement should be
concise
and not too broad. A thesis is the argument or point of view for your paper. It is something that you and someone else can
debate
. Your thesis statement should start out by stating something such as “This paper argues that...” The thesis statement is the statement that guides you throughout the paper. All of your main ideas should connect to your thesis statement.
1
Step 6:
Write your paper! Keep in mind the following:
1) Papers must be typewritten, double-spaced in 12 pt font, and 1-inch margins. Papers should be at least
5 full pages plus a Works Cited page (6 total)
and include an introduction, body, and conclusion.
2) You should have a well-articulated
thesis
. Formulate a central theme that links the primary source document(s) together and connects them to the secondary sources--the books and/or articles you use..
3) Use the "Guidelines for Analyzing Primary Sources" below as a guide. You do not have to answer every question, but be sure to answer the who/what/where/when/why of the document. Describe the audience for this document. Then move on to your own analysis....
4) Analyze your documents. What do they tell you about the cultures that created these stories? How do they enhance our knowledge beyond the course readings and material? Can you discern any deeper meanings beyond what is just on the page? What were the motivations for crea ...
The document discusses effective research methods such as maintaining good records of sources, engaging with sources critically and creatively, and developing a note-taking system. It provides tips for note-taking including being selective, reading for different reasons, and developing a shorthand. Various note-taking systems are described like the double-entry notebook and using note-taking software. The document also covers summarizing, paraphrasing, and quoting sources as well as evaluating sources and interpreting visuals. The difference between an abstract and introduction is explained.
The document summarizes the key steps in writing a literature review:
1. The introduction gives a quick overview of the topic and organizational structure.
2. The body contains a discussion of sources, organized chronologically, thematically, or by methodology. It analyzes and synthesizes previous research on the topic.
3. The conclusions discuss what has been learned from reviewing the literature and identifies potential gaps for future research. The overall purpose is to critically evaluate previous research and establish a foundation and need for the current study.
1) The document discusses different categories of information sources including primary, secondary, and tertiary sources.
2) Primary sources contain original, uninterpreted information like research articles, newspapers, reports, and patents. Secondary sources present condensed versions of primary sources or index them, including reference books, surveys, and translations.
3) Tertiary sources are compilations that guide users to relevant primary or secondary sources on a topic rather than containing subject information themselves. They include guides, bibliographies, and indexes to other literature.
Textual analysis Or Content Analysis pptHelinaWorku2
This power point includes Definition ,the Focus of the Investigation ?,How to carry out a content analysis, Kinds of textual analysis , The advantages and disadvantages of content analysis.
The document provides an overview of what constitutes a literature review. It defines a literature review as a systematic evaluation of published research on a topic that analyzes and synthesizes, not just summarizes, scholarly writings related to a research question. The document discusses the literature review process and includes examples of analyzing primary sources, secondary sources, and the structure of a literature review. It also covers avoiding plagiarism, the importance of literature reviews, when they are considered, and some reference websites for conducting a literature review.
The document provides guidance on conducting a literature review. It outlines that a literature review critically evaluates prior research relevant to the topic. It should identify what is already known about the research problem and can point out effective and ineffective research strategies. The review should be focused on studies closely related to the research problem. Both qualitative and quantitative researchers may construct literature reviews, but qualitative researchers are more likely to do so after starting their study. The document provides tips for searching literature, evaluating sources, summarizing information, organizing the review, and writing it in an effective manner.
The document discusses the structure and process of conducting a literature review. It defines a literature review as a critical analysis and summary of previous research on a particular topic. The key parts of a literature review include an introduction outlining the topic and scope, a body section discussing and analyzing sources, and a conclusion. Effective reviews establish trends in research, assess strengths and weaknesses, and identify gaps. The steps outlined are planning, reading, analyzing, drafting and revising. Sources are organized thematically, chronologically or methodologically. The document also describes different types of literature reviews and sources to consider.
The document outlines the key steps and purposes of conducting a literature review. It discusses finding relevant sources such as books, articles, and conference papers. The basic steps include searching literature, evaluating sources, identifying themes and gaps, outlining the structure, and writing the review. The review aims to provide context on previous research, identify relationships between studies, and determine areas for further research. Guide questions are also presented to help structure the review.
As a researcher, you are expected to start publishing early in your career. But original research could take years to complete! This does not mean you that you cannot publish a paper until you complete your research. You can disseminate your research in many other ways. These slides will help you learn more about the different types of scholarly literature so that you are able to choose the most suitable format for publishing your study.
This document provides guidance on choosing sources for a rhetorical analysis paper. It recommends including at least one primary source, such as an artifact or news article that is being analyzed, as well as at least one secondary source to provide additional context. Primary sources are the main focus of the analysis, while secondary sources help strengthen the analysis by providing outside perspectives on the topic. The document describes in detail how to analyze different types of primary sources, including artifacts, news articles, and provides tips on incorporating relevant secondary sources into the analysis.
The document provides information about writing bibliographies and references in the Vancouver and APA styles. It defines key terms like bibliography, references, citations and annotated bibliography. The main differences between a bibliography and references are that a bibliography includes all sources consulted, while references only include sources that were cited. References are numbered and included within the text and at the end of the document. The Vancouver style is commonly used in medical journals and follows a specific format for citations within text and listing references.
The document provides guidance on conducting a literature survey or review. It discusses defining literature and the objectives of a literature survey, which include gaining an understanding of the fundamentals and state-of-the-art in an area and discovering research topics based on existing research. The document outlines the main elements of a literature survey, including reviewing previous research, identifying gaps, and justifying how the present research will address gaps. It also provides tips on writing the literature survey, such as summarizing key findings and conclusions of sources. Finally, it discusses strategies for conducting an effective literature search, including refining topics and choosing appropriate databases.
This presentation provides an overview of how to write a research paper. It discusses choosing a topic, gathering materials through research, making an outline, taking notes, quoting and paraphrasing sources, and issues of plagiarism. The main parts of a research paper are introduced as the abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. The purpose of each section is explained. Consistent formatting of sources is recommended to help readers understand arguments and allow easy referencing.
This presentation provides an overview of how to write a research paper. It discusses choosing a topic, gathering materials through research, making an outline, taking notes, using quotes and paraphrasing properly to avoid plagiarism, and formatting the paper consistently. The main sections of a research paper are typically an abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Consistent formatting is important to help readers understand arguments and sources.
A literature review analyzes and synthesizes existing scholarly work on a topic to provide context and identify gaps. It involves finding relevant sources, critically evaluating them, and explaining key themes, debates, and gaps in knowledge. The purpose is to demonstrate understanding of previous research and position new work within the existing field. A good literature review does not just summarize sources but provides a critical evaluation to give a clear picture of the current state of knowledge on the subject.
This document defines and describes different types of outlines. It explains that an outline can be used to summarize a text, show how parts of a text relate to each other, and serve as a map or plan for an essay. The document discusses benefits of outlining, such as gaining an overview of a topic and testing one's understanding. It also defines two types of outlines - reading outlines made while studying a text, and writing outlines made before writing an essay. Finally, it provides examples of two main types of outlines - topic outlines and sentence outlines - and describes a traditional outline format.
This document outlines sources for related literature and provides a step-by-step approach to drafting a literature review. Potential sources include books, journals, newspapers, theses, reports, and legal documents. Primary sources are books and magazines, while secondary sources include the internet. A literature review should define its goal, research relevant texts, summarize publications and relate them to the thesis, develop the review logically over time, and include a references list.
Freedom in America Paper Assignment Step 1 Pick a topic. WhSusanaFurman449
Freedom in America Paper Assignment
Step 1:
Pick a topic. What topic are you most interested in pertaining to this course? What is a topic you would be interested in writing a paper on? Your topic should not be too broad. For example, the Harlem Renaissance, is too broad. Focusing on a specific cause of the downfall of Reconstruction is a possible topic.
Step 2:
Research the internet and the library for primary sources, or first hand accounts of documents that relate to your topic. Analyze at least
at least ONE
primary source for your paper, you may use more than 1, but you must use at least 1.
Step 3:
Analyze.
When analyzing your document, thoroughly scrutinize the document, what it says, and the argument. Look through “
Guidelines for Analyzing a Primary Source
” (below) to help you come up with a complete analysis of your primary source(s).
Step 4:
Choose at least 4 books and/or articles
from the library or online journals from the library’s online databases. For journal articles, go to UD’s Library database section. For the databases section, articles on U.S. History can be found through Jstor and Project Muse.
*Do not use any encyclopedia sources or the class readings as a
secondary
source. If you use a website, it must be approved by the Instructor. You may use them as a reference, but these do not count towards your secondary sources.
Step 5:
Make sure you have a
thesis
statement
. This is the most important sentence in your paper. The thesis should be located in the first paragraph of your paper. The statement should be
concise
and not too broad. A thesis is the argument or point of view for your paper. It is something that you and someone else can
debate
. Your thesis statement should start out by stating something such as “This paper argues that...” The thesis statement is the statement that guides you throughout the paper. All of your main ideas should connect to your thesis statement.
1
Step 6:
Write your paper! Keep in mind the following:
1) Papers must be typewritten, double-spaced in 12 pt font, and 1-inch margins. Papers should be at least
5 full pages plus a Works Cited page (6 total)
and include an introduction, body, and conclusion.
2) You should have a well-articulated
thesis
. Formulate a central theme that links the primary source document(s) together and connects them to the secondary sources--the books and/or articles you use..
3) Use the "Guidelines for Analyzing Primary Sources" below as a guide. You do not have to answer every question, but be sure to answer the who/what/where/when/why of the document. Describe the audience for this document. Then move on to your own analysis....
4) Analyze your documents. What do they tell you about the cultures that created these stories? How do they enhance our knowledge beyond the course readings and material? Can you discern any deeper meanings beyond what is just on the page? What were the motivations for crea ...
The document discusses effective research methods such as maintaining good records of sources, engaging with sources critically and creatively, and developing a note-taking system. It provides tips for note-taking including being selective, reading for different reasons, and developing a shorthand. Various note-taking systems are described like the double-entry notebook and using note-taking software. The document also covers summarizing, paraphrasing, and quoting sources as well as evaluating sources and interpreting visuals. The difference between an abstract and introduction is explained.
The document summarizes the key steps in writing a literature review:
1. The introduction gives a quick overview of the topic and organizational structure.
2. The body contains a discussion of sources, organized chronologically, thematically, or by methodology. It analyzes and synthesizes previous research on the topic.
3. The conclusions discuss what has been learned from reviewing the literature and identifies potential gaps for future research. The overall purpose is to critically evaluate previous research and establish a foundation and need for the current study.
1) The document discusses different categories of information sources including primary, secondary, and tertiary sources.
2) Primary sources contain original, uninterpreted information like research articles, newspapers, reports, and patents. Secondary sources present condensed versions of primary sources or index them, including reference books, surveys, and translations.
3) Tertiary sources are compilations that guide users to relevant primary or secondary sources on a topic rather than containing subject information themselves. They include guides, bibliographies, and indexes to other literature.
Textual analysis Or Content Analysis pptHelinaWorku2
This power point includes Definition ,the Focus of the Investigation ?,How to carry out a content analysis, Kinds of textual analysis , The advantages and disadvantages of content analysis.
The document provides an overview of what constitutes a literature review. It defines a literature review as a systematic evaluation of published research on a topic that analyzes and synthesizes, not just summarizes, scholarly writings related to a research question. The document discusses the literature review process and includes examples of analyzing primary sources, secondary sources, and the structure of a literature review. It also covers avoiding plagiarism, the importance of literature reviews, when they are considered, and some reference websites for conducting a literature review.
The document provides guidance on conducting a literature review. It outlines that a literature review critically evaluates prior research relevant to the topic. It should identify what is already known about the research problem and can point out effective and ineffective research strategies. The review should be focused on studies closely related to the research problem. Both qualitative and quantitative researchers may construct literature reviews, but qualitative researchers are more likely to do so after starting their study. The document provides tips for searching literature, evaluating sources, summarizing information, organizing the review, and writing it in an effective manner.
The document discusses the structure and process of conducting a literature review. It defines a literature review as a critical analysis and summary of previous research on a particular topic. The key parts of a literature review include an introduction outlining the topic and scope, a body section discussing and analyzing sources, and a conclusion. Effective reviews establish trends in research, assess strengths and weaknesses, and identify gaps. The steps outlined are planning, reading, analyzing, drafting and revising. Sources are organized thematically, chronologically or methodologically. The document also describes different types of literature reviews and sources to consider.
The document outlines the key steps and purposes of conducting a literature review. It discusses finding relevant sources such as books, articles, and conference papers. The basic steps include searching literature, evaluating sources, identifying themes and gaps, outlining the structure, and writing the review. The review aims to provide context on previous research, identify relationships between studies, and determine areas for further research. Guide questions are also presented to help structure the review.
As a researcher, you are expected to start publishing early in your career. But original research could take years to complete! This does not mean you that you cannot publish a paper until you complete your research. You can disseminate your research in many other ways. These slides will help you learn more about the different types of scholarly literature so that you are able to choose the most suitable format for publishing your study.
This document provides guidance on choosing sources for a rhetorical analysis paper. It recommends including at least one primary source, such as an artifact or news article that is being analyzed, as well as at least one secondary source to provide additional context. Primary sources are the main focus of the analysis, while secondary sources help strengthen the analysis by providing outside perspectives on the topic. The document describes in detail how to analyze different types of primary sources, including artifacts, news articles, and provides tips on incorporating relevant secondary sources into the analysis.
The document provides information about writing bibliographies and references in the Vancouver and APA styles. It defines key terms like bibliography, references, citations and annotated bibliography. The main differences between a bibliography and references are that a bibliography includes all sources consulted, while references only include sources that were cited. References are numbered and included within the text and at the end of the document. The Vancouver style is commonly used in medical journals and follows a specific format for citations within text and listing references.
The document provides guidance on conducting a literature survey or review. It discusses defining literature and the objectives of a literature survey, which include gaining an understanding of the fundamentals and state-of-the-art in an area and discovering research topics based on existing research. The document outlines the main elements of a literature survey, including reviewing previous research, identifying gaps, and justifying how the present research will address gaps. It also provides tips on writing the literature survey, such as summarizing key findings and conclusions of sources. Finally, it discusses strategies for conducting an effective literature search, including refining topics and choosing appropriate databases.
This presentation provides an overview of how to write a research paper. It discusses choosing a topic, gathering materials through research, making an outline, taking notes, quoting and paraphrasing sources, and issues of plagiarism. The main parts of a research paper are introduced as the abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. The purpose of each section is explained. Consistent formatting of sources is recommended to help readers understand arguments and allow easy referencing.
This presentation provides an overview of how to write a research paper. It discusses choosing a topic, gathering materials through research, making an outline, taking notes, using quotes and paraphrasing properly to avoid plagiarism, and formatting the paper consistently. The main sections of a research paper are typically an abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Consistent formatting is important to help readers understand arguments and sources.
A literature review analyzes and synthesizes existing scholarly work on a topic to provide context and identify gaps. It involves finding relevant sources, critically evaluating them, and explaining key themes, debates, and gaps in knowledge. The purpose is to demonstrate understanding of previous research and position new work within the existing field. A good literature review does not just summarize sources but provides a critical evaluation to give a clear picture of the current state of knowledge on the subject.
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1. Expanding the Content of an Outline
Using Notes from Primary and Secondary
Sources
What is an outline?
- An outline is a tool used in improving and organizing
written ideas about a topic into a logical order. Writers
use outlines when writing their papers to know which
topic to cover and in what order.
2. TYPES OF AN OUTLINE
1. Sentence Outline- It is a type of outline that presents the
thesis statement, major topics, subtopics, and supporting
details in sentence form. It allows you to include those
details in the sentences instead of having to create an
outline of many short phrases that goes on page after page.
Also, it follows a hierarchical structure composed of
sentences and headings around the subject of the speech or
essay.
These characters are used in this order in bullet formatting:
Roman Numerals, Capitalized Letters, Arabic Numerals,
Lowercase Letters
3. What are the contents of an outline?
- An outline is composed of many parts. These parts work together to
present a clear idea of a paragraph or an essay.
4. What are the steps in writing an outline?
Writing an outline involves a series of steps. To achieve a well-organized
outline, follow these steps carefully:
5. How to Expand the Content of an Outline Using Different
Sources?
In expanding the content of an outline, you need to use
primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are
firsthand information taken from original evidences such as
reports on discoveries and events and interviews from
persons in authority while secondary sources are
secondhand information taken from the primary sources.
6. Examples of primary sources
include:
• diaries, letter correspondence,
• original documents e.g. birth
certificates, trial records
• interviews, speeches, oral
histories
• laws, regulations, constitutions
• government documents,
statistical data, research reports
• journal article reporting new
research or findings
• creative art works, literature
• opinion pieces
Examples of secondary sources
include:
• journal articles that comment on
or analyses research textbooks
• dictionaries and encyclopedias
• books that interpret, analyze
• political commentary
• biographies
• dissertations
• newspaper editorial/columns
• criticism of literature, art works
or music