Air pollution: its causes,effects and pollutantsMaliha Eesha
This presentation gives the complete detail of air, air pollution, air pollutants and their types, each pollutant in detail and its causes and effects, acid rain, methods of prevention,smog,acidification,indoor pollution and so on. It is a complete package and I hope it'll be helpful in school! :)
Environmental Pollution. Environmental Pollution is an international journal that seeks to publish papers that report results from original, novel research that addresses significant environmental pollution issues and problems and contribute new knowledge to science. The editors welcome high quality papers where the pollutants...
environmental pollution ppt
sources of environmental pollution
environmental pollution definition
environmental pollution journals
environmental pollution articles
environment pollution pdf
environmental pollution pdf
pollution articles for students
Air pollution: its causes,effects and pollutantsMaliha Eesha
This presentation gives the complete detail of air, air pollution, air pollutants and their types, each pollutant in detail and its causes and effects, acid rain, methods of prevention,smog,acidification,indoor pollution and so on. It is a complete package and I hope it'll be helpful in school! :)
Environmental Pollution. Environmental Pollution is an international journal that seeks to publish papers that report results from original, novel research that addresses significant environmental pollution issues and problems and contribute new knowledge to science. The editors welcome high quality papers where the pollutants...
environmental pollution ppt
sources of environmental pollution
environmental pollution definition
environmental pollution journals
environmental pollution articles
environment pollution pdf
environmental pollution pdf
pollution articles for students
It is a brief description about one of the serious problems of environment and that is Air pollution. It includes its definition, types, causes and prevention.
Introduction of water pollution,What is water Pollution,what are the main Types of water Pollution,What are the main types of water pollution,How do we know when water is polluted,what are the causes of water pollution,what are the effects of water pollution,how can we step water pollution,Our clean future.
This a presentation about the Air pollution and its causes & effects for the educational uses
It describe the definitions, types, info diagrams, sources, effects, and their controls
I hope this science could be a benefit for anyone who search the information
Water pollution throughout the world is affecting food chains and food webs. Water such as lakes, rivers, streams, creeks, and oceans become polluted in many different ways. One main way is the dumping of trash, or littering. Many creeks, rivers, and even oceans have been polluted by manmade items such as trash (EPA, 2011). When fresh water such as rivers and creeks become polluted, it hurts the surrounding wildlife.
Air pollution
Types of Air pollution
Facts about Air pollution
Causes of Air pollution
Effects of Air pollution
Steps taken by government to control Air pollution
Effects on human health and human life
Future predictions
It is a brief description about one of the serious problems of environment and that is Air pollution. It includes its definition, types, causes and prevention.
Introduction of water pollution,What is water Pollution,what are the main Types of water Pollution,What are the main types of water pollution,How do we know when water is polluted,what are the causes of water pollution,what are the effects of water pollution,how can we step water pollution,Our clean future.
This a presentation about the Air pollution and its causes & effects for the educational uses
It describe the definitions, types, info diagrams, sources, effects, and their controls
I hope this science could be a benefit for anyone who search the information
Water pollution throughout the world is affecting food chains and food webs. Water such as lakes, rivers, streams, creeks, and oceans become polluted in many different ways. One main way is the dumping of trash, or littering. Many creeks, rivers, and even oceans have been polluted by manmade items such as trash (EPA, 2011). When fresh water such as rivers and creeks become polluted, it hurts the surrounding wildlife.
Air pollution
Types of Air pollution
Facts about Air pollution
Causes of Air pollution
Effects of Air pollution
Steps taken by government to control Air pollution
Effects on human health and human life
Future predictions
Ecology and Environmental Biology,air pollution, environmental pollution, gaseous pollutants, global environmental change, ionizing radiation, noise pollution, non-ionizing radiation, pollutants, pollution, prevention and control of air pollution, radiation damage, radiation pollution, soil pollution, sources of water pollution, types of pollution, water pollution, water recycling
Environmental Pollution can be defined as any undesirable change in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of any component of the environment i.e. air, water, soil which can cause harmful effects on various forms of life or property.
Pollution: The term pollution can be defined as influence of any substance causing nuisance, harmful effects, and uneasiness to the organisms
Pollutant: Any substance causing Nuisance or harmful effects or uneasiness to the organisms, then that particular substance may be called as the pollutant.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
2. Today I will discuss about….
•Definition of Pollution
•Types of pollution
3. DEFINATION OF POLLUTION
when harmful substances contaminated the
environment it is called as Pollution.
pollution refers to the every bad condition of
environment in terms of quantity and quality.
5. Air Pollution
Air pollution is introduction of particulates, biological
molecules, or other harmful materials into the Earth’s
atmosphere, causing disease, death to humans, damage to
humans, damage to other living organisms
7. Types of air pollutants….
Primary pollutants
• Pollutants that are emitted directly from identifiable sources by both natural events
or human activities.
• Ex. Dust storms, emission from vehicles.
Secondary pollutants
• When certain chemical reactions take place among the primary pollutants.
• Ex. Sulfuric acid.
8. Causes of Air Pollution…….
• Emission from industrial Plants and
Manufacturing Activities.
• Combustion from fossil fuels.. ….
• Farming chemicals and household products…..
• Natural causes of Air Pollution.
• Other causes.
9. Effects of Air Pollution….
Air Pollution affects….
• Human health.
• Animals.
• Plants.
• The atmosphere as whole.
• Global Warming.
• Ozone depletion.
• Acid Rain.
• Various respiratory organs.
10. Water Pollution
• Water Pollution is the contamination of water bodies
This form of environmental degradation occurs when
pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water
bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful
compounds.
12. Types
Surface water pollution
• found on the exterior of the Earth’s crust, oceans, rivers
and lakes.
Groundwater pollution
• found in soil or under rock structure or aquifers.
13. Causes of Water Pollution
• Human dumping.
• Industrial waste release.
• Land water flow.
• Farm Pollution.
• Improper Drainage system.
• Groundwater contamination.
• Plastic Waste.
• Due to fisheries.
• Due to leakage of petroleum.
14. Effects of Water Pollution
1. Diseases like cholera.
2. Malaria.
3. Typhoid(spread during the rainy season.
4. Aquatic life gets destroyed.
15. Noise Pollution
Noise can be simply defined by unwanted sound.
The sound is pleasant or not depends Upon its Loudness,
rhythm, Duration, and mood of person.
Noise level:
1. Intensity.
2. Frequency.
3. Period of exposure.
4. Duration.
17. Sources of Noise Pollution
• Transportation.
• Heavy Machinery.
• Construction activities.
• Celebrations and household appliances.
18. Causes of Noise Pollution
• Traffic noise.
• Aircraft noise.
• Noise from construction and civil engineering works.
• Noise from industries.
• Noise of fire crackers.
• Noise of sound system.
19. Effects of Noise Pollution
• Hearing loss..
• High blood pressure.
• Stress.
• Sleep Disturbance.
• Color blindness.
20. Land Pollution
•Land Pollution is the demolition of earth’s land
surfaces often cause by human activities and
their misuse of land resources. It occurs when
waste is not disposed properly.
•Urbanization and industrialization are major
causes of land pollution.
22. Causes of Land Pollution
Four main causes of Land Pollution
•Construction
•Agriculture
•Domestic waste
•Industrial waste
23. Effects of Land Pollution
• Industrial pollutants may render soil toxic.
• Destruction of micro organism due to presence of heavy
metals.
• Soluble soil makes soil fertile.
• Agricultural land become useless.
• More use of fertilizers on land may create hazards by
entering into the food chain.
24. Control of Land Pollution
• Wastage and rubbish should be disposed off by using
natural or scientific method.
• Before dumping Suez or drainage water, it should be
treated and should be converted in to fertilizer.
• Using proper method of disposing industrial waste.
• Precautions to be taken to reduce Air and water pollution.
• Using less of chemical fertilizers and pesticides/
insecticides.
25. Light Pollution
• Light Pollution also called photo pollution or
luminescence pollution refers to a brightening of
night sky due to scattering of artificial light by
gaseous molecule and dust particle in the air.
28. Causes of land pollution
•Street and vehicle light
•Advertising light
•Industrial light
29. Effects of Light Pollution
•Energy and Environment
•People’s health
•Plants and Animals
30. Radioactive pollution
• Radioactive Pollution can be defined as the emission of high energy
particles or radioactive substances into air ,water or land due to
human activities in the form of radioactive waste.
• Production of nuclear fuel Nuclear power reactors use radio
nuclides in industries for various applications.
• Nuclear test carried out by defense personnel.
• Disposal of nuclear waste uranium mining.
32. Natural source of Radiation
• Cosmic Radiation
• Terrestrial Radiation
• Internal Radiation
Man-Made Sources of Radiation
• Production and research of nuclear weapons
• Mining of radioactive ore
• Medical waste
• Nuclear power plants
• Industrial radiography (X-ray imaging)
33. Uses of Radiation
• In medicine
-Radiation and radioactive substances are used for
diagnosis treatment and research
• In communication
-All modern communication systems use form of
electromagnetic radiation. Variations in the intensity of the radiation
represent changes in the sound ,pictures, or other information being
transmitted
34. Causes of Radioactive Pollution
• Prevention of nuclear fuel.
• Nuclear power reactors.
• Use of Radio nuclides in industries for various
applications.
• Nuclear test carried out by Defense Personnel.
• Disposal of nuclear waste.
• Uranium mining.
35. Effects of Radioactive Pollution
On Human beings
• The impact of radioactive pollution on human beings can vary from
mild to fatal ;the magnitude of the adverse effects largely depends
on the level and duration of exposure to radioactivity. Low levels of
localized exposure may only have a superficial effect and cause mild
skin irritation.
• Long-term exposure or exposure to high amounts of radiation can
have far more serious health effects . Radioactive rays can use
irreparable damage to DNA molecules and can lead to a life
threatening condition.
36. Thermal Pollution
• Thermal Pollution is the harmful increase in water temperature in
streams , rivers, lakes, or occasionally, costal ocean waters.
• It is the degradation of water quality by any process that changes
ambient water temperature.
• A temperature increase as small as 1 or 2 Celsius degrees (about 2
to 4 Fahrenheit degrees) can kill native fish , shellfish , and plants ,
or drive them out in favor of other species , often with undesirable
effects.
38. Sources of Thermal Pollution
The major sources of thermal pollution are discharged of heated water or hot waste
material into water bodies from:-
• Nuclear power plant
• Industrial effluents
• Domestic waste
• Hydro-electricity power
• Coal fired power plants
• Thermal shock
• Deforestation
• Soil erosion
39. Effects of Thermal Pollution
Environmental effects of heated water into aquatic system
depend on:-
• Temperature difference
• Areas of receiving water or stream
• Quality of receiving water
• Rate of discharge
• Rate of heat and dissipation of heat
• Presence of down stream users
40. Causes of Thermal Pollution
The various causes of Thermal Pollution as follow:-
• Coal-fired Power Plants
• Industrial Effluents
• Nuclear Power Plants
• Soil Erosion
