The document discusses entrepreneurship and provides historical background on the topic. It introduces entrepreneurship and its role in economic development. Models of entrepreneurship are presented, including the Timmons model. Entrepreneurship in Pakistan is examined, noting challenges like corruption and lack of innovation. Examples of successful entrepreneurs like Thomas Edison, Michael Dell, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates are provided. Recommendations are made to improve the business environment in Pakistan.
Part One of Entrepreneurship Lecture Notes on Students Enterprise Club at www.studentsenterpriseclub.com.
This is a Study guide for intending Entrepreneurs.
Part One of Entrepreneurship Lecture Notes on Students Enterprise Club at www.studentsenterpriseclub.com.
This is a Study guide for intending Entrepreneurs.
This topic is related to Business, which is Entrepreneurship development. It can refer by any technical & Management students. It is useful for B.Tech and MBA students under BPUT Syllabus 2014
Entrepreneur
includes
Definition of Entrepreneur
Internal & External Factors
Functions
Entrepreneurial Motivation & Barriers
Classification
Theories
Concept
Development of Entrepreneurship
Culture
Stages in entrepreneurial process
This topic is related to Business, which is Entrepreneurship development. It can refer by any technical & Management students. It is useful for B.Tech and MBA students under BPUT Syllabus 2014
Entrepreneur
includes
Definition of Entrepreneur
Internal & External Factors
Functions
Entrepreneurial Motivation & Barriers
Classification
Theories
Concept
Development of Entrepreneurship
Culture
Stages in entrepreneurial process
Entrepreneurship has become the hot cake in town nowadays thanks to recession and ever increasing inflation. The primitive economics and psychological theories have the answer to same.
From Where I Sit: The Media Entrepreneurship EcosystemMichelle Ferrier
Dr. Michelle Ferrier reviews the media entrepreneurship ecosystem and what we can do to fill in the gaps for content and technology startups. Includes ideas for higher education institutions and nonprofit organizations.
These ecosytem trends and observations are part of the invest2innovate Pakistan Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Report 2014
More info available at http://invest2innovate.com/peer2014.html
Business Without Borders: The Global and Social Evolution of EntrepreneurshipAubia Communications
A case study in how expatriate and location-agnostic entrepreneurs implement social media and multicultural communications strategies into innovative business models.
There are two main types of patents granted by the U.S. Patent Office: design patents and utility patents. Determining which type of patent applies to your invention can be crucial to receiving adequate protection for your invention. A utility patent is granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) for inventions that produce a new and useful result. With a utility patent, an inventor is granted the right to prevent anyone else from making, selling, using or importing the invention without the inventor's consent. A utility patent may be granted to anyone who invents or discovers any new and
useful process, machine, article of manufacture, compositions of matter, or any new useful improvement thereof. A design patent may be granted to anyone who invents a new, original, and ornamental design for an article of manufacture.
Question Bank for the subject: Entrpreneurship and Start-Up management. This will be useful for Question Paper setters as well as students. Students will get an idea of their preparedness for the examination. They can practice the answers to these questions. The students will also get some real world exposure and they can search for answers not just from Internet sources but also from books, business journals and research papers.
Entrepreneurial and innovation for SMEs in LibyaOECDglobal
Dr. Dia Eddin Sadek Abuhadra, Advisor to Libya Enterprise, 11 May 2016, Regional conference: Investment and inclusive growth in the midst of crisis, Beirut
Dr. Bruce Byiers, ECDPM
Development and the Private Sector Meeting
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Employment and the Economy
14-15 February 2013, Helsinki
Bruce Byiers gave a presentation at this meeting as keynote speaker.
2. DISCUSSION/AGENDA
• Entrepreneurship
• Introduction
• Historical Background
• Role in Economic Development
• Models/Theories of Entrepreneurship
• Entrepreneurship in Pakistan
• Examples of Some Successful Entrepreneurs
3. INTRODUCTION
• The act of being an entrepreneur, which can be
defined as "one who undertakes innovations,
finance and business acumen in an effort to
transform innovations into economic goods“
• The capacity and willingness to undertake
conception, organization, and management of a
productive venture with all attendant risks, while
seeking profit as a reward.
4. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
• Origins are centuries old
• Marco Polo- the first modern entrepreneur
• Industrial Revolution in 17 th and 18th century saw
many successful entrepreneurs
• 20th century saw the evolution of
entrepreneurial history developing its most
recent form
5. ROLE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
• Dominant role in Economy
• Employment to masses
• Contribution toward research and development
• Creates wealth for nation
• Entrepreneurship provides self sufficiency
7. Timmons Model
Communication
Opportunity (2) Resources (4)
Ambiguity
Exogenous Forces
Creativity Leadership
Team (3)
Uncertainty Capital Market Context
Founder
(1)
8. KEY FACTORS OF TIMMONS MODEL
1) Entrepreneur(Founder)
2) Opportunity
3) Team
4) Resources
9. THEORIES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
• Economic Theory
• Sociological Theory
• Psychological Theory
• Innovation Theory
• Achievement Motivation Theory
10. ECONOMIC THEORY
• Favorable economic conditions
• Economic incentives as motivators
• Incentives include taxation policy, industrial
policy, sources of finance and raw material,
infrastructure availability, investment and
marketing opportunities, technology etc.
11. SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
• Society’s values
• Customs & traditions
• Religious beliefs
• Social changes
• Influence the behavior of individuals in a society.
12. PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY
• Necessary psychological characteristics
Vision
Foresight
Ability to face opposition
Need for high achievement
Self-Reliance
13. ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION THEORY
• People with high achievement orientation are
more likely to become entrepreneurs
• Not influenced by money or external incentives
• Consider profit to be a measure of success and
competency
15. ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN PAKISTAN
• Current State in Pakistan
• Factors for poor business environment
• Conclusions and Recommendations
16. CURRENT STATE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
• Inequality between large and small enterprises
• Crippled Innovation
• Rent Seeking and Land Development
• Non-commercial cities
17. CURRENT STATE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
• 22 families control:
• 66% industrial assets
• 70% of the insurance
• 80% banking interests
• Enterprise survey by The world bank:
• Only 17.01% of the 965 firms have ISO certification
18. Factors for Poor
Business
Environment in Attraction of
Rents
Pakistan
Lack of Trust
Costs of
and Social
Corruption
Capital
Factors for
Poor
Business
Environment
Lack of
Financial Research
Constraints and
Development
Poor Legal
Framework
19. FACTORS FOR POOR BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
• Corruption:
• Government departments (15-20) visit enterprises with
various threats and extort small sums
• They collect from 0.2% to 5% of annual sales
• Businesses dedicate 1 -3 people for dealing with
extortion
• Lack of Innovation:
• Only 0.57% capital is spent on R&D.
20. Top 10 Constraints to Firm
50
Investments in Pakistan
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
21. Recommendations
Reinventing the Role of
Government
Recommendations
Building Growth Cities
Releasing the Energy of
the Domestic sector
Brand Development and
Management
A New Growth Strategy
Promotion of Guarantees,
Warrantees and Returns
22. CONCLUSION
• Pakistan has a large market of 180 million
people waiting to be exploited
• Move from current focus of Government
planning to a more market and commerce
based approach.
24. Famous Entrepreneurs
Now we will discuss some famous inventors and
entrepreneurs like:
• Thomas Edison
• Michael Dell
• Bill Gates
• Steve Jobs
25. THOMAS EDISON
• Born in 1847.
• Most famous for inventing electric bulb, but his
first commercial success was actually the
phonograph.
• Introduction of DC power.
• In 1887 there were 121 Edison generating plants
in the U.S.
26. MICHAEL DELL
• Dell is Chairman and CEO of Dell computers. His
company worth of about $30 billion.
• Born in February 1965.
• In 1984 with just $1,000 and an idea to provide
affordable personal computers to college students.
• Michael Dell revolutionized the personal computer
industry by skipping the middle man and selling directly
to the customer.
27. STEVE JOBS
• Born in 1955.
• Steve Jobs was the co-founder of Apple
Computers and Pixar Animation Studio. He
became a member of the board of directors of
The Walt Disney Company in 2006.
• In 1984, Steve Jobs founded NeXT computers.
28. • In 1996, Apple announced that it would buy NeXT for
$429 million. The deal was finalized in late 1996, bringing
Jobs back to the company he co-founded.
• He earned only $1 a year as CEO of Apple,but held
5.426 million Apple shares, as well as 138 million shares
in Disney. Forbes estimated his net wealth at $8.3 billion
in 2010.
• After Steve Jobs return to Apple as CEO in 1997, Apple
Computers has had a renaissance in product
development with the iMac, iPod, iPhone, iPad and more.
29. BILL GATES
• Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft, was born on October
28, 1955.
• From an early age he had an interest in computers and
started programming them at age 13. He went to study
at Harvard, but dropped.
• He and Paul Allen adapted the BASIC programming
language for use on the Altair 8800 - the first
successful personal computer.
30. • He ranks as the richest person in the world.
According to 2006 estimate the net worth of his
company was about $50 billion.
• Bill Gates is perhaps the most famous
entrepreneur of this era. He had the vision to
predict the evolving importance of the personal
computer.