This document provides a list of Internet resources containing enterprise budgets and production cost information for organic agricultural production. It includes budgets for horticultural crops like vegetables, fruits, nuts, and herbs. It also includes budgets for agronomic crops and livestock production. The budgets cover a wide geographic range and were created between 1990-2003. They can serve as a starting point for farmers to adapt to their own specific enterprises and locations.
This document summarizes information on organic herb production in the United States, including:
- The growth in organic farming and sales of organic foods in the US. Around 7,200 producers were certified organic in 2001, with 2.07 million acres under organic cultivation.
- Herb production can provide additional income for small farms, though typical herb farms are small businesses that add value through direct marketing.
- Federal regulations now require certification for organic labels and marketing. The USDA provides oversight of the National Organic Program.
This document provides an overview of transgenic crops, including:
1) A brief history of transgenic crop development and the governing policies surrounding the technology.
2) A summary of the main agricultural crops that have been genetically modified, their expressed characteristics, and their market roles.
3) A discussion of unintended consequences, economic considerations, safety concerns, and implications of transgenic crops for sustainable agriculture.
This document provides an overview of organic sweet potato production in the United States. It discusses leading production areas, which are primarily in the Southeast and California. It also outlines markets for sweet potatoes, including processing into canned, frozen and baby food products as well as value-added items like chips and flour. Research on organic production is being conducted at universities like North Carolina State.
Organic System Plans: Market Farms and GreenhousesElisaMendelsohn
This document provides an example organic system plan for a hypothetical 22-acre market farm called Wannabee's Organic Farm located in Arkansas. The farm map shows the layout of the farm including 16 small production fields labeled A-1 through A-8 and B-1 through B-8. It also shows the location of greenhouses, buildings, wells, buffers, and neighboring conventional farms. Field notes provide additional details on field uses and history. The application form that follows will provide details on the farm's production practices to demonstrate compliance with USDA organic regulations.
Training on Participatory Integrated Climate Services for Agriculture (PICSA) and Local Technical Agroclimatic Comittees (MTA / LTAC) to the DeRISK project team.
February 11 -19 2020, CIAT Hanoi, Vietnam
The document analyzes factors affecting cashew production in Wenchi Municipality, Ghana. It finds that most cashew farmers are aging, with over 74% over 40 years old. Education levels are low, with 61.4% of farmers having no formal education. Farm size averaged 3.33 acres. Regression analysis found farm size, fertilizer, pesticides, pruning, education, and contact with extension officers positively impacted cashew output, while labor and experience had inverse relationships. The study aims to identify determinants of cashew production to improve yields and incomes for farmers in the region.
Contribute to increase the competitiveness of fruit producers in Colombia by means of a “Site-specific agriculture based on farmers experiences” system for citrus, mango, avocado and plantai
Presentation by Daniel Jimenez on the potential revolution in fruit production awaiting Colombia through the implementation of site specific agriculture based on farmer experience.
This document summarizes information on organic herb production in the United States, including:
- The growth in organic farming and sales of organic foods in the US. Around 7,200 producers were certified organic in 2001, with 2.07 million acres under organic cultivation.
- Herb production can provide additional income for small farms, though typical herb farms are small businesses that add value through direct marketing.
- Federal regulations now require certification for organic labels and marketing. The USDA provides oversight of the National Organic Program.
This document provides an overview of transgenic crops, including:
1) A brief history of transgenic crop development and the governing policies surrounding the technology.
2) A summary of the main agricultural crops that have been genetically modified, their expressed characteristics, and their market roles.
3) A discussion of unintended consequences, economic considerations, safety concerns, and implications of transgenic crops for sustainable agriculture.
This document provides an overview of organic sweet potato production in the United States. It discusses leading production areas, which are primarily in the Southeast and California. It also outlines markets for sweet potatoes, including processing into canned, frozen and baby food products as well as value-added items like chips and flour. Research on organic production is being conducted at universities like North Carolina State.
Organic System Plans: Market Farms and GreenhousesElisaMendelsohn
This document provides an example organic system plan for a hypothetical 22-acre market farm called Wannabee's Organic Farm located in Arkansas. The farm map shows the layout of the farm including 16 small production fields labeled A-1 through A-8 and B-1 through B-8. It also shows the location of greenhouses, buildings, wells, buffers, and neighboring conventional farms. Field notes provide additional details on field uses and history. The application form that follows will provide details on the farm's production practices to demonstrate compliance with USDA organic regulations.
Training on Participatory Integrated Climate Services for Agriculture (PICSA) and Local Technical Agroclimatic Comittees (MTA / LTAC) to the DeRISK project team.
February 11 -19 2020, CIAT Hanoi, Vietnam
The document analyzes factors affecting cashew production in Wenchi Municipality, Ghana. It finds that most cashew farmers are aging, with over 74% over 40 years old. Education levels are low, with 61.4% of farmers having no formal education. Farm size averaged 3.33 acres. Regression analysis found farm size, fertilizer, pesticides, pruning, education, and contact with extension officers positively impacted cashew output, while labor and experience had inverse relationships. The study aims to identify determinants of cashew production to improve yields and incomes for farmers in the region.
Contribute to increase the competitiveness of fruit producers in Colombia by means of a “Site-specific agriculture based on farmers experiences” system for citrus, mango, avocado and plantai
Presentation by Daniel Jimenez on the potential revolution in fruit production awaiting Colombia through the implementation of site specific agriculture based on farmer experience.
Dung Beetle Benefits in the Pasture EcosystemElisaMendelsohn
Dung beetles play an important role in pasture ecosystems by feeding on manure, using it to provide homes and food for their young, and improving soil structure, nutrient cycling, and forage growth. There are three main types of dung beetles - tumblers that roll dung into balls and bury them, tunnelers that bury balls under or near dung piles, and dwellers that live in dung piles without much digging. Dung beetles benefit pastures by reducing fly populations, breaking the life cycles of gastrointestinal parasites, and making more forage available by completely removing dung piles. Importing additional dung beetle species from other parts of the world can further improve manure recycling in US past
From research outputs to development outcomes: Fostering fodder innovationILRI
The document summarizes ILRI's approach to livestock research for development, which focuses on fostering innovation through partnerships within livestock systems and value chains. It discusses challenges like the need for research outputs to have development outcomes. ILRI's framework designs research to actively influence actions within innovation systems, not just generate knowledge. Case studies from fodder projects in Ethiopia, India, and Nigeria show how focusing on positive examples of adoption and building innovation capacity led to changes in actors, institutions, and policies. Lessons indicate the need to work at larger scales, consider diverse livestock contexts, and allow flexibility for emergent opportunities.
Guide to ATTRA's Livestock and Pasture PublicationsElisaMendelsohn
The document provides a guide to livestock and pasture publications from ATTRA (Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas). It summarizes over 30 publications that cover topics such as cattle, hog, sheep, and poultry production, pasture management, organic livestock practices, and marketing alternatives. The publications provide information for both experienced and beginning livestock producers on sustainable practices.
This document provides an overview of conservation easements. It defines conservation easements as legally binding agreements where landowners voluntarily place restrictions on the use of their land in exchange for tax benefits. Conservation easements are held by non-profit land trusts or government agencies and are meant to permanently protect important resources like farmland, wildlife habitat, scenic areas, and historic sites from development. The document discusses the benefits of conservation easements for landowners and communities as well as how they affect land values.
The document provides an overview of sustainable goat production, covering feeding, health, and pasture management. Goats are ruminants that thrive on pasture, utilizing brush and vegetation inaccessible to cattle. Integrating goats into grazing systems improves land quality and income. Proper fencing and rotational grazing are necessary to prevent overgrazing and allow forage regrowth. Management intensive grazing maximizes forage quality and grazing capacity.
This document provides an overview of considerations for starting a dairy sheep business. It discusses the importance of labor, developing markets for sheep milk products, processing regulations, and creating a realistic budget. Key points include:
- Dairy sheep require significant daily labor commitments for milking, feeding, and flock health. Sustainable operations require careful planning around labor needs.
- Markets for sheep milk products like cheese are small and developing in the US. Producers must invest in product development and marketing.
- Regulations around the sale of fluid milk and cheese production vary by state and require working with state inspectors.
- Creating an accurate budget is essential but difficult, as start-up costs are high and it may take
Enterprise Budgets and Production Costs for Organic ProductionGardening
ATTRA is a national sustainable agriculture information service operated by the National Center for Appropriate Technology through a USDA grant. It provides concise summaries and does not endorse any products, companies, or individuals. The document lists sources of enterprise budgets and production costs for organic farming operations including horticultural crops, agronomic crops, herbs, and livestock from various states and provinces. Budgets can help farmers with financial planning and management for their organic operations.
Completing Your Application for Organic CertificationElisaMendelsohn
This document provides an example organic system plan for a hypothetical 22-acre market farm called Wannabee's Organic Farm located in Arkansas. The farm map shows the layout of the farm including 16 small vegetable fields labeled A-1 through A-8 and B-1 through B-8. It also shows 5 transitional blueberry fields labeled S-1 through S-6, forest land for wildcrafting labeled F, buildings, access lanes, and adjoining conventional farms. Buffer zones are maintained around all organic fields.
This document provides an overview of transgenic crops, including:
1) A brief history of transgenic crop development and the governing policies surrounding the technology.
2) A summary of the main agricultural crops that have been genetically modified, their expressed characteristics, and their market roles.
3) A discussion of unintended consequences, economic considerations, safety concerns, and implications of transgenic crops for sustainable agriculture.
This document provides an overview of transgenic crops, including:
1) A brief history of transgenic crop development and the governing policies surrounding the technology.
2) A summary of the main agricultural crops that have been genetically modified, their expressed characteristics, and their market roles.
3) A discussion of unintended consequences, economic considerations, safety concerns, and implications of transgenic crops for sustainable agriculture.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production. It discusses ATTRA, which is a sustainable agriculture information service operated by USDA. The document then discusses organic fruit production, marketing and economic considerations, and planning and planting an organic orchard. It covers topics like site selection, crop and variety selection, rootstock selection, orchard design, and more. The goal is to introduce key issues for commercial organic production of tree fruits to help growers make informed decisions about orchard design and management.
Organic System Plans: Field and Row Crops and Pasture and Range SystemsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides an example of an organic system plan for a Midwestern crop farm applying for organic certification. It includes maps of the farm and fields, a field history sheet detailing past crops grown, and a main application form covering the farm plan, soil and crop fertility management, crop management practices, and plans for maintaining organic integrity. Supplementary documents are also included to provide additional information required by certifiers. The goal is to help farmers understand the level of detail certifiers expect in an organic system plan and application for certification.
This document provides information on organic sweet corn production, including key aspects such as varieties, soil fertility, weed control, pest management, harvesting, and marketing. Organic sweet corn production differs from conventional methods in its reliance on crop rotations, cover crops, compost and manures for soil fertility and its use of mechanical cultivation and biological controls to manage pests. The document discusses organic certification requirements and considerations for seed selection, fertility management, pest control, and post-harvest handling.
This document provides information on organic sweet corn production, including key aspects such as varieties, soil fertility, weed control, pest management, harvesting, and marketing. Organic sweet corn production differs from conventional methods in its reliance on crop rotations, cover crops, compost and manures for soil fertility and its use of mechanical cultivation and biological controls to manage pests. The document discusses organic certification requirements and considerations for seed varieties, and provides details on production practices and marketing organic sweet corn.
This document provides a summary of a publication about sustainable corn and soybean production. It discusses how corn and soybean production currently struggles with environmental, economic, and social sustainability. On the environmental front, issues include soil erosion from tillage and nutrient runoff. Economically, commodity farmers have little control over prices and costs are rising. Socially, the lack of reliable profits is leading to the decline of rural communities as fewer farms remain viable. The document explores some options for more sustainable corn and soybean production, such as alternative marketing strategies, diversification into other crops, and organic production methods.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize productivity and efficiency over the long term life of the orchard. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management programs
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize long-term productivity and efficiency within the limitations of the land. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management
Seed Production and Variety Development for Organic SystemsSeeds
Breeding crop plants specifically for organic production is still in its early stages. While some universities and seed companies are developing varieties suited for organic systems through public breeding programs and farmer collaboration, no commercially available seeds have been bred exclusively for organic use. There is debate around whether organic seed production should be mandated and whether the benefits of exclusively organic seeds outweigh the increased costs and limited availability that a requirement could create for farmers during the initial years. Many in the organic industry believe variety development for organics needs to go beyond just using existing varieties under organic conditions, and instead focus on breeding new varieties tailored to the specific challenges of organic agriculture.
Big data approaches can help rice farmers in Latin America adapt to climate change by providing real-time climate and cropping advice. A pilot program in Colombia combined rice yield and weather data to identify climate patterns and recommend optimal planting times. Farmers who followed the advice had successful harvests, while those who did not lost their crops and inputs. The program aims to scale this approach to other major rice producers in Latin America, including Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. Doing so may help reduce yield losses, increase adaptive capacity, and revolutionize agricultural advisory services.
This document discusses urban farming and provides resources for urban farmers. It describes how urban farming is gaining popularity as a way to address food insecurity and community development. Some of the benefits mentioned include improving food access, making neighborhoods safer, and boosting local economies. The document then provides a list of free publications and resources available from ATTRA on topics related to urban agriculture.
This document discusses urban farming and provides resources for urban farmers. It describes how urban farming is gaining popularity as a way to address food insecurity and community development. Some of the benefits mentioned include improving food access, making neighborhoods safer, and boosting local economies. The document then provides a list of free publications and resources available from ATTRA on topics related to urban agriculture.
Dung Beetle Benefits in the Pasture EcosystemElisaMendelsohn
Dung beetles play an important role in pasture ecosystems by feeding on manure, using it to provide homes and food for their young, and improving soil structure, nutrient cycling, and forage growth. There are three main types of dung beetles - tumblers that roll dung into balls and bury them, tunnelers that bury balls under or near dung piles, and dwellers that live in dung piles without much digging. Dung beetles benefit pastures by reducing fly populations, breaking the life cycles of gastrointestinal parasites, and making more forage available by completely removing dung piles. Importing additional dung beetle species from other parts of the world can further improve manure recycling in US past
From research outputs to development outcomes: Fostering fodder innovationILRI
The document summarizes ILRI's approach to livestock research for development, which focuses on fostering innovation through partnerships within livestock systems and value chains. It discusses challenges like the need for research outputs to have development outcomes. ILRI's framework designs research to actively influence actions within innovation systems, not just generate knowledge. Case studies from fodder projects in Ethiopia, India, and Nigeria show how focusing on positive examples of adoption and building innovation capacity led to changes in actors, institutions, and policies. Lessons indicate the need to work at larger scales, consider diverse livestock contexts, and allow flexibility for emergent opportunities.
Guide to ATTRA's Livestock and Pasture PublicationsElisaMendelsohn
The document provides a guide to livestock and pasture publications from ATTRA (Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas). It summarizes over 30 publications that cover topics such as cattle, hog, sheep, and poultry production, pasture management, organic livestock practices, and marketing alternatives. The publications provide information for both experienced and beginning livestock producers on sustainable practices.
This document provides an overview of conservation easements. It defines conservation easements as legally binding agreements where landowners voluntarily place restrictions on the use of their land in exchange for tax benefits. Conservation easements are held by non-profit land trusts or government agencies and are meant to permanently protect important resources like farmland, wildlife habitat, scenic areas, and historic sites from development. The document discusses the benefits of conservation easements for landowners and communities as well as how they affect land values.
The document provides an overview of sustainable goat production, covering feeding, health, and pasture management. Goats are ruminants that thrive on pasture, utilizing brush and vegetation inaccessible to cattle. Integrating goats into grazing systems improves land quality and income. Proper fencing and rotational grazing are necessary to prevent overgrazing and allow forage regrowth. Management intensive grazing maximizes forage quality and grazing capacity.
This document provides an overview of considerations for starting a dairy sheep business. It discusses the importance of labor, developing markets for sheep milk products, processing regulations, and creating a realistic budget. Key points include:
- Dairy sheep require significant daily labor commitments for milking, feeding, and flock health. Sustainable operations require careful planning around labor needs.
- Markets for sheep milk products like cheese are small and developing in the US. Producers must invest in product development and marketing.
- Regulations around the sale of fluid milk and cheese production vary by state and require working with state inspectors.
- Creating an accurate budget is essential but difficult, as start-up costs are high and it may take
Enterprise Budgets and Production Costs for Organic ProductionGardening
ATTRA is a national sustainable agriculture information service operated by the National Center for Appropriate Technology through a USDA grant. It provides concise summaries and does not endorse any products, companies, or individuals. The document lists sources of enterprise budgets and production costs for organic farming operations including horticultural crops, agronomic crops, herbs, and livestock from various states and provinces. Budgets can help farmers with financial planning and management for their organic operations.
Completing Your Application for Organic CertificationElisaMendelsohn
This document provides an example organic system plan for a hypothetical 22-acre market farm called Wannabee's Organic Farm located in Arkansas. The farm map shows the layout of the farm including 16 small vegetable fields labeled A-1 through A-8 and B-1 through B-8. It also shows 5 transitional blueberry fields labeled S-1 through S-6, forest land for wildcrafting labeled F, buildings, access lanes, and adjoining conventional farms. Buffer zones are maintained around all organic fields.
This document provides an overview of transgenic crops, including:
1) A brief history of transgenic crop development and the governing policies surrounding the technology.
2) A summary of the main agricultural crops that have been genetically modified, their expressed characteristics, and their market roles.
3) A discussion of unintended consequences, economic considerations, safety concerns, and implications of transgenic crops for sustainable agriculture.
This document provides an overview of transgenic crops, including:
1) A brief history of transgenic crop development and the governing policies surrounding the technology.
2) A summary of the main agricultural crops that have been genetically modified, their expressed characteristics, and their market roles.
3) A discussion of unintended consequences, economic considerations, safety concerns, and implications of transgenic crops for sustainable agriculture.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production. It discusses ATTRA, which is a sustainable agriculture information service operated by USDA. The document then discusses organic fruit production, marketing and economic considerations, and planning and planting an organic orchard. It covers topics like site selection, crop and variety selection, rootstock selection, orchard design, and more. The goal is to introduce key issues for commercial organic production of tree fruits to help growers make informed decisions about orchard design and management.
Organic System Plans: Field and Row Crops and Pasture and Range SystemsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides an example of an organic system plan for a Midwestern crop farm applying for organic certification. It includes maps of the farm and fields, a field history sheet detailing past crops grown, and a main application form covering the farm plan, soil and crop fertility management, crop management practices, and plans for maintaining organic integrity. Supplementary documents are also included to provide additional information required by certifiers. The goal is to help farmers understand the level of detail certifiers expect in an organic system plan and application for certification.
This document provides information on organic sweet corn production, including key aspects such as varieties, soil fertility, weed control, pest management, harvesting, and marketing. Organic sweet corn production differs from conventional methods in its reliance on crop rotations, cover crops, compost and manures for soil fertility and its use of mechanical cultivation and biological controls to manage pests. The document discusses organic certification requirements and considerations for seed selection, fertility management, pest control, and post-harvest handling.
This document provides information on organic sweet corn production, including key aspects such as varieties, soil fertility, weed control, pest management, harvesting, and marketing. Organic sweet corn production differs from conventional methods in its reliance on crop rotations, cover crops, compost and manures for soil fertility and its use of mechanical cultivation and biological controls to manage pests. The document discusses organic certification requirements and considerations for seed varieties, and provides details on production practices and marketing organic sweet corn.
This document provides a summary of a publication about sustainable corn and soybean production. It discusses how corn and soybean production currently struggles with environmental, economic, and social sustainability. On the environmental front, issues include soil erosion from tillage and nutrient runoff. Economically, commodity farmers have little control over prices and costs are rising. Socially, the lack of reliable profits is leading to the decline of rural communities as fewer farms remain viable. The document explores some options for more sustainable corn and soybean production, such as alternative marketing strategies, diversification into other crops, and organic production methods.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize productivity and efficiency over the long term life of the orchard. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management programs
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize long-term productivity and efficiency within the limitations of the land. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management
Seed Production and Variety Development for Organic SystemsSeeds
Breeding crop plants specifically for organic production is still in its early stages. While some universities and seed companies are developing varieties suited for organic systems through public breeding programs and farmer collaboration, no commercially available seeds have been bred exclusively for organic use. There is debate around whether organic seed production should be mandated and whether the benefits of exclusively organic seeds outweigh the increased costs and limited availability that a requirement could create for farmers during the initial years. Many in the organic industry believe variety development for organics needs to go beyond just using existing varieties under organic conditions, and instead focus on breeding new varieties tailored to the specific challenges of organic agriculture.
Big data approaches can help rice farmers in Latin America adapt to climate change by providing real-time climate and cropping advice. A pilot program in Colombia combined rice yield and weather data to identify climate patterns and recommend optimal planting times. Farmers who followed the advice had successful harvests, while those who did not lost their crops and inputs. The program aims to scale this approach to other major rice producers in Latin America, including Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. Doing so may help reduce yield losses, increase adaptive capacity, and revolutionize agricultural advisory services.
This document discusses urban farming and provides resources for urban farmers. It describes how urban farming is gaining popularity as a way to address food insecurity and community development. Some of the benefits mentioned include improving food access, making neighborhoods safer, and boosting local economies. The document then provides a list of free publications and resources available from ATTRA on topics related to urban agriculture.
This document discusses urban farming and provides resources for urban farmers. It describes how urban farming is gaining popularity as a way to address food insecurity and community development. Some of the benefits mentioned include improving food access, making neighborhoods safer, and boosting local economies. The document then provides a list of free publications and resources available from ATTRA on topics related to urban agriculture.
Organic peanut production relies on managing soil fertility and pests without off-farm inputs. Labor and costs are higher for organic peanuts than conventional. There is high demand for organic peanuts and farmers can receive premium prices. The main challenges are managing weeds, insects, and diseases without many synthetic pesticides.
Organic peanut production relies on cultural techniques that maintain soil fertility through crop rotation and composting, rather than off-farm inputs. While labor and management costs are higher for organic peanuts, farmers can find higher demand and premium prices in organic markets. The document discusses organic peanut production methods, varieties suited to different regions, challenges in organic marketing, and potential alternative uses for organic peanuts including forage and biodiesel production.
This document discusses raising dairy replacement heifers on pasture through a custom heifer raising operation. It provides information on the costs and considerations of custom raising heifers on pasture compared to raising them in confinement. Research from the University of Minnesota found that heifers raised on pasture through management intensive rotational grazing had similar average daily gains at a lower total cost per head compared to heifers raised in a feedlot. The document also provides a list of additional online resources on topics related to custom heifer raising, grazing management, and the economics of heifer contracting operations.
Applying the Principles of Sustainable FarmingElisaMendelsohn
This document discusses the principles of environmental, economic, and social sustainability as they relate to farming. It provides three key points:
1. Sustainable farming aims to meet environmental, economic, and social objectives simultaneously through a whole-systems approach that mimics natural ecosystems. This is contrasted with conventional industrial agriculture.
2. The key principles of environmental sustainability for farms include imitating natural ecosystem processes like energy flows, water and mineral cycles, and biodiversity. Practices like diversification, minimal tillage, and groundcover management help farms function like natural ecosystems.
3. Economic and social sustainability depend on selecting profitable enterprises, comprehensive financial planning, proactive marketing, risk management, and making decisions that benefit
Similar to Enterprise Budgets and Production Costs for Organic Production (20)
This document provides a sustainability checklist for beef cattle farms. It includes questions about farm resources, management priorities, herd health, reproductive management, forage programs, grazing management, soil and water quality, energy and economic efficiency, quality of life considerations, and goals for improvement. The checklist is intended to help farmers critically evaluate the sustainability of their operations and identify areas for potential enhancement.
Garden Therapy: Links to Articles, Books, Profession Groups, DVDElisaMendelsohn
GARDENING THERAPY Resource List of Articles, Books, Manuals, DVD's, Training Programs and Professional Associations
TOPICS COVERED:
Horticulture Therapy
Healing Gardens
Sensory Gardens
Garden Therapy
Garden Therapy for the Disabled
Garden Therapy for the Mentally Challenged
Garden Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease
Garden Therapy for Depression
Garden Therapy for Autistic Children
Garden Therapy for the Blind and the Visually Impaired
Garden Therapy for Hospitals
Garden Therapy for Nursing Homes
Garden Therapy for Seniors
Garden Therapy for the Handicapped
Garden Therapy for Prisons, Jails and Correction Facilities
Garden Therapy for Botanical Garden
Garden Therapy and Community Gardens
Garden Therapy for Single Mothers
Garden Therapy for Stress
Garden Therapy for Veterans
Garden Therapy at Veterans Facilities
Garden Therapy for Soldiers
Garden Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorders
People Plant Connections
Gardening and Physical Fitness
Greenhouse and Garden Therapy for Disabled People
Accessible Gardening
Wheelchair Gardening
Vertical Gardening and Garden Therapy
Container Gardening and Garden Therapy
Adaptive Garden Equipment for Garden Therapy
Tools for Garden Therapy
Urban Trees and Mental Health
Parks and Garden Therapy
Nature and Learning
Greening School Grounds by Design
Garden Therapy for Schools
Plants in the Classroom for Enhanced Learning
Garden Therapy for Pre Schools
Garden Therapy for Daycare
Garden Therapy for Elementary School Bullies
Garden Therapy and Community Development
Garden Therapy and Food Security
Garden Therapy for Low Income People
Garden Therapy for Homeless People
Garden Therapy and Crime Reduction
Garden Therapy and Neighborhood Security
Sistemas Avícolas Alternativos con Acceso a PasturaElisaMendelsohn
Este documento describe y compara sistemas avícolas alternativos y convencionales. Los sistemas alternativos incluyen aves con acceso a pasturas a través de casas fijas, casas portátiles, corrales de pastura u otros diseños que permiten a las aves expresar su comportamiento natural al aire libre. Estos sistemas son comúnmente a pequeña escala e integrados a granjas diversificadas. El acceso al exterior es una parte importante del bienestar de las aves y permite producción extensiva en comparación con los sistem
Producción Orgánica de Lechugas de Especialidad y Verduras Para EnsaladaElisaMendelsohn
Este documento describe las técnicas de producción orgánica de lechugas de especialidad y ensaladas. Explica que el mercado de lechugas de especialidad ha crecido, pero que el aumento de la producción ha hecho bajar los precios. Describe diferentes tipos de lechugas y verduras para ensaladas, así como técnicas de preparación del suelo, propagación, control de plagas y cosecha. Resalta la importancia de planificar cultivos para mantener un suministro constante a lo largo de la temporada.
Este documento cubre el procesamiento de aves a pequeña escala, ya sea en la granja o en plantas pequeñas. Describe las etapas clave del procesamiento, como la inmovilización, matanza, sangrado, desplume, evisceración, enfriamiento y empaque. También compara el procesamiento a pequeña, mediana y gran escala, y explica cómo el acceso a instalaciones de procesamiento es crucial para los pequeños productores avícolas.
Planeando la Plantación de Vegetales para una Cosecha ContinuaElisaMendelsohn
Este documento ofrece consejos para planificar plantaciones sucesivas de vegetales con el fin de lograr una cosecha continua a lo largo de la temporada de crecimiento. Explica que es importante mantener registros de plantaciones y cosechas anteriores para determinar las fechas óptimas de siembra. También destaca que el clima y las condiciones de la tierra afectan el crecimiento de los cultivos, por lo que es útil considerar las temperaturas ideales de germinación de cada vegetal. El documento incluye una tabla con esta información y un
Este documento trata sobre la nutrición de rumiantes en pastoreo. Explica que los rumiantes como vacunos, ovinos y caprinos pueden convertir plantas no comestibles para humanos en alimentos mediante la digestión de la celulosa. También destaca que la mayoría de las tierras son aptas solo para pastoreo, no para cultivo, y que el pastoreo es una forma eficiente de convertir la biomasa vegetal en alimentos como carne y leche. Además, resalta la importancia de entender la nutrición de los rumiantes considerando fact
Este documento trata sobre los requerimientos nutricionales para aves de pastura y cómo cubrirlos a través de diferentes ingredientes alimenticios comunes y poco comunes. Explica el valor nutritivo de ingredientes como el maíz, trigo, avena, harina de pescado y frijol soya, y discute consideraciones como la molienda, la formulación de raciones y la nutrición aplicada para diferentes tasas de crecimiento y estilos de alimentación.
Nuevos Mercados para Su Cosecha (audio version)ElisaMendelsohn
Pedro quiere vender sus productos agrícolas pero no puede vender todo en el mercado local y los comerciantes le ofrecen precios bajos. José le sugiere vender a instituciones como escuelas, hospitales y asilos de ancianos. José introduce a Pedro con el comprador de alimentos del hospital local. El comprador está interesado en comprar productos de la granja de Pedro y pide detalles sobre sus productos, precios y disponibilidad. Pedro comienza a vender lechuga al hospital y el comprador pide un volumen mayor, pero Pedro no puede
Los Escarabajos del Pepino: Manejo Integrado de Plagas — MIP Orgánico y Biora...ElisaMendelsohn
Los escarabajos del pepino son plagas importantes de cultivos de cucurbitáceas en los Estados Unidos. Transmiten enfermedades bacterianas y virales y causan daño directo al alimentarse de raíces, tallos, hojas y frutos. Sus ciclos de vida y las medidas orgánicas de control como plantación tardía, cobertores flotantes, cultivos trampa e insecticidas botánicos deben ser comprendidos para implementar estrategias de manejo integrado efectivas.
Las Crónicas Orgánicas No. 1: No Tenga Pánico Vuélvase OrgánicoElisaMendelsohn
Este documento presenta la historia de Pedro, un agricultor, que aprende sobre los beneficios de la agricultura orgánica a través de una visita a una granja orgánica y conversaciones con agricultores orgánicos. Pedro descubre que la agricultura orgánica fomenta la biodiversidad en el suelo y los cultivos, lo que ayuda a controlar plagas de forma natural. Aprende que el uso de pesticidas químicos puede dañar a los organismos benéficos en el suelo y los cultivos. Finalmente, Pedro decide convertir
La Certificación para Granjas Orgánicas y el Programa Orgánico NacionalElisaMendelsohn
Este documento describe los requisitos para la certificación orgánica de granjas y el Programa Orgánico Nacional de los EE.UU. Los agricultores que quieran vender sus productos como orgánicos deben obtener la certificación de un agente acreditado. La certificación asegura a los consumidores que los productos cumplen con las normas orgánicas. El Programa Orgánico Nacional estableció normas uniformes para la certificación y acredita agentes certificadores. Los agricultores deben cumplir con las normas de producción e
Jardinería Comercial: Consideraciones para Producción de Frutas y VerdurasElisaMendelsohn
Este documento proporciona consideraciones para iniciar un negocio de jardinería comercial. Explica que se debe desarrollar un plan de negocios que incluya un plan de marketing enfocado en los mercados. También discute opciones de mercado como mercados de productores, ventas directas, restaurantes e instituciones. Finalmente, enfatiza la importancia de aprender técnicas de producción a través de talleres, conferencias u observando otros productores.
Guía Ilustrada para la Producción de Ovinos y CaprinosElisaMendelsohn
Este documento es una guía ilustrada para la producción de ovinos y caprinos. Proporciona información sobre la selección de animales, la alimentación y el pastoreo, el cuidado de animales jóvenes y de cría, la sanidad, el equipo y el manejo, y la comercialización de productos de ovinos y caprinos. La guía describe las características deseables para una buena conformación en ovinos y caprinos, y ofrece consejos sobre cómo proveer una dieta y pastoreo saludables para estos animales.
Este documento proporciona una guía sobre métodos orgánicos para producir fresas. Cubre técnicas como el control de malezas mediante acolchado de plástico negro, fertilización orgánica, y control biológico de plagas. También discute sistemas de producción como la plantación en camellones con plástico y la producción en túneles, y provee recursos adicionales sobre certificación orgánica y recomendaciones de variedades por estado. La producción orgánica de fresas puede requerir más esf
Este documento describe el equipamiento básico necesario para una pequeña granja avícola, enfocándose en los sistemas de bebederos y comederos. Explica que los bebederos son cruciales para el bienestar de las aves y deben proveer agua limpia de manera confiable para prevenir enfermedades y la muerte de los pollos. También discute brevemente consideraciones para cercos, perchas y cajas nido.
Este documento describe el proceso de certificación orgánica según las normas del Programa Nacional Orgánico del Departamento de Agricultura de los Estados Unidos. Explica que la certificación permite vender, representar y etiquetar productos como orgánicos, y que involucra inspecciones anuales realizadas por un certificador acreditado para verificar el cumplimiento de las normas. También destaca algunos de los beneficios de la certificación, como mantener mejores registros que ayudan a identificar y resolver problemas de producción con mayor facilidad.
Este documento trata sobre el manejo sostenible de suelos. Explica las propiedades básicas del suelo y los pasos para mejorar y mantener la calidad del suelo de manera sostenible. Cubre temas como la importancia de la materia orgánica y los organismos del suelo, técnicas para mejorar el suelo como el compost y la labranza reducida, y ejemplos de agricultores que han tenido éxito mejorando la calidad de sus suelos.
El Manejo de Gallineros para la Producción AlternativaElisaMendelsohn
Este documento proporciona información sobre el manejo del medio ambiente en la producción avícola alternativa. Explica que tanto el área interior como el exterior son importantes para el bienestar de las aves. Detalla la importancia de la ventilación, temperatura, iluminación y lecho dentro del gallinero. Además, enfatiza que la producción alternativa a menudo ocurre a pequeña escala y puede ser certificada orgánica, requiriendo ciertas prácticas especiales en comparación con la avicultura convencional.
Este documento describe los cuatro pasos que los productores y procesadores orgánicos deben seguir para prepararse adecuadamente para su inspección de certificación orgánica anual. El primer paso es leer las secciones pertinentes de las Normas Orgánicas Nacionales según el tipo de operación. El segundo paso es revisar su Plan de Sistema Orgánico. El tercer paso es revisar la comunicación de la agencia certificadora del año pasado. El cuarto paso es organizar todos los registros requeridos usando las listas proporcionadas. La public
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
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2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
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3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
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Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
2. university) should be able to assist or recommend California, Central Coast (1994)
someone to assist in adapting enterprise budgets Available budgets: cabbage, cauliflower,
to reflect your individual enterprises, and show cucumbers, garlic, leaf lettuce, romaine lettuce,
you how to use the budgets to improve your red onions, yellow onions, non-staked snap peas,
farm financial management. Since resources vary non-staked snow peas, green bell peppers, red
widely from state to state, no single route exists bell peppers, sweet corn, large variety winter
for local assistance. squash, small variety winter squash, barley cover
For conventional production, the Agricul- crop, vetch cover crop.
tural Risk Budget Library at www.agrisk.umn. Included are yield and return ranges for selected
edu contains budgets for a very wide range of central coast organic vegetable crops, whole farm an-
crops and livestock. In developing a budget for nual equipment, investment, and business overhead
organic production, in many cases, a budget for costs for a diversified organic vegetable operation,
conventional cropping or livestock may be the and hourly equipment costs for a diversified organic
best starting point. The budget can then be tai- vegetable operation.
lored to specific individual situations, including http://vric.ucdavis.edu/veginfo/topics/
organic production. prodcosts/organiccosts.html
Transition to Certified New Jersey (1996)
Available budgets: bell pepper, cabbage, cau-
Organic Budgets liflower, cucumber, leaf lettuce, yellow onions,
pumpkins, sweet corn, fresh market tomato, and
processing tomato.
British Columbia (2002) http://aesop.rutgers.edu/~farmmgmt/ne-
Available budgets: dairy (fluid milk), spelt, budgets/organic.html
potatoes, oat, apple, sweet corn, carrots, winter
squash, spinach, salad greens, and cauliflower.
www.agf.gov.bc.ca/busmgmt/budgets/spe- North Carolina (2003)
cialty_organic.htm Available budgets: fresh market broccoli,
kale, tomatoes, sweet corn, salad mix, leaf lettuce,
peppers, and summer squash.
www.ces.ncsu.edu/chatham/ag/SustAg/
Horticultural Crops: organiccoststudy.pdf
Vegetables
Wisconsin (1990)
Potatoes: brief comparison of costs and re-
British Columbia (1992-1996)
turns of organic and conventional potatoes.
Available budgets: garlic, carrots, celery, corn
for processing, peas for processing, whole beans www.wisc.edu/cias/pubs/briefs/004.html
for processing.
www.agf.gov.bc.ca/busmgmt/budgets/spe-
cialty_organic.htm Horticultural Crops:
Fruits and Nuts
California (1996)
Available budgets: processing tomatoes,
mixed vegetables. California (2003)
www.agecon.ucdavis.edu/outreach/crop/ Available budgets: strawberries.
cost.htm www.agecon.ucdavis.edu/outreach/crop/
cost-studies/StrawbOrgCC03.pdf
PAGE 2 //ENTERPRISE BUDGETS AND PRODUCTION COSTS FOR ORGANIC PRODUCTION
3. California (2002) Wisconsin (1999)
Available budgets: almonds. Available budgets: echinacea.
www.agecon.ucdavis.edu/outreach/crop/ www.wisc.edu/cias/pubs/briefs/048.html
cost-studies/AlmondOrgVN02.pdf
California (1996)
Available budgets: almonds, apples, table Agronomic Crops
grapes, raisins, lemons, oranges, walnuts.
www.agecon.ucdavis.edu/outreach/crop/
cost.htm California (1996)
Available budgets: cotton, rice.
www.agecon.ucdavis.edu/outreach/crop/
New Jersey (1996) cost.htm
Available budgets: fresh market apples, ma-
ture trees.
http://aesop.rutgers.edu/~farmmgmt/ Illinois (2003)
nebudgets/organic.html Available budgets: food-grade soybeans,
food-grade corn.
http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/value/
New York (no date)
Available budgets: strawberries (greenhouse
production). Illinois (2001)
www.hort.cornell.edu/department/faculty/ Available budgets: pasture (red clover, red
pritts/straw.html
pritts/straw.htm mammoth clover, alfalfa, timothy), cereal rye
grain, blue corn, soft red winter wheat, soy-
bean.
www.aces.uiuc.edu/~asap/research/stew_
farm/Appendix-rep-02.html#Production%20B
Herbs uds,%20Conv
Washington State (2003) Kansas (2003)
Available budgets: goldenseal. Available budgets: corn, blue corn, sweet
http://smallfarms.wsu.edu/crops/organic corn, wheat, Austrian winter peas, alfalfa, clover
Goldenseal.html seed.
www.kansasruralcenter.org/publications/
Organic%20cropping.pdf
British Columbia (2002)
Available budgets: calendula, American
skullcap, catnip, dandelion root, lavender, Michigan (2001)
lemon balm, licorice root, nettle, passion flow- Available budgets: grain corn, soybeans, and
er, marshmallow root, chamomile, red clover, oats.
shepherd’s purse, and yarrow. Includes downloads of Excel budgets so you can
www.agf.gov.bc.ca/busmgmt/budgets/bud do your own calculations.
get_pdf/small_scale/small_scale_Mixed_herb_ www.aec.msu.edu/agecon/aecreports/bud
Win.pdf gets01.htm
//ENTERPRISE BUDGETS AND PRODUCTION COSTS FOR ORGANIC PRODUCTION PAGE 3