The transformation of global security paradigms from traditional domains to the cyber domain is emphasized, highlighting the rapid technological advancements and their implications for international and regional conflicts specifically focusing on the emerging cyber security challenges in Iran.

1. Emerging Cyber Security Challenges
Implications for Iranian National Security
Noureen Akhtar
Seyed Iman Tahami
Abstract
The transformation of global security paradigms from traditional domains to
the cyber domain is emphasized, highlighting the rapid technological
advancements and their implications for international and regional conflicts
specifically focusing on the emerging cyber security challenges in Iran.
Conventional VS. Cyber attack Offensive VS defensive Cyber tools
History of cyber attack
Securitization of Iranian Cyberspace.
Cyber Attacks by Iran
The recommendations suggest Iran boost its cyber capabilities through
strategic research and alliances, notably with China. It emphasizes
strengthening cyber troops and developing local technologies, while
maintaining secrecy about its cyber potential to keep adversaries uncertain
mirroring successful global strategies.
Incident Referent Object Securi za on Ac on
Stuxnet 2010
Flame 2012
Assassina on of Iranian hacker
Mojtaba Ahmadi 2013
Iran's nuclear program safety
Iran's nuclear program safety
Physical security of Iranian cyber troops.
Crea on of Iran's Cyber Command by the name
High Council of Cyberspace
Con nued enhancement of cyber defenses.
Ini a on of Na onal Intranet project.
A ack by Iran Target State Impact
Drone Hijacking, 2011
Aramco 2012
US Banks 2013
USA
Saudi Arabia
USA
First drone hijacking incident in history.
Damages to nearly 30,000 computers.
Disrupted working of mul ple banks in the US.
Defensive Tools
An -Virus
Firewall
Backups
Managed Services
Incident Response Services
Offensive Tools
Viruses
Malware / Trojans
Security Exploits
Social Engineering / Phishing A acks
Ransomware
Conven onal Tools
High
High
Mostly Kine c
Longer
Time, place
Cyber Tools
Low
Low
Mostly non-kine c
Very Short
Time, Place, Authorship, A ribu on
Considera ons
Economic Cost
Poli cal Cost (retalia on)
Nature of A ack/conflict
Deployment Time
A acker's Surprise
Enhancing Iran's Cybersecurity Strategy