Some basic information about UK history made by Hunre students

1. Welcome to our presentation
History of United Kingdom of
Great Britain and North Ireland

2. Table of Contents
Prehistory
01.
The Germanic
period
03.
The Roman
period
02.
The Medieval
period
04.

3. Table of Contents
The sixteenth
century
05.
The eighteenth
century
07.
The seventeenth
century
06.
The nineteenth
century
08.
The twentieth
century
09.

4. Prehistory
01
Two thousand years ago, an Iron Age Celtic culture existed on the islands of
northwestern Europe. In Wiltshire, southwest England, there are two magnificent
examples: Silbury Hill and Stonehenge, Europe's largest burial mound. Such places
are of particular importance to some people inclined towards mysticism and esoteric
religion. For example, we know that Celtic society had a priestly caste called the
Druids. Their name survives today in the Order of Bards, Ovates, and Druids.

5. The Roman period ( 43 – 410 )
Happening: It was during this time that a Celtic tribe called the Scots migrated
from Ireland to Scotland, where, along with another tribe, the Piets, they
became opponents of the Romans. This division of the Celts into those who
experienced Roman rule (the Britons in England and Wales) and those who did
not (the Gaels in Ireland and Scotland) may help to explain the emergence of
two distinct branches of the Celtic group of languages.
Languages: Celtic, Latin.
Cultural relics : Londinium (London), Chester, Lancaster and
Gloucester, which include variants of the Latin word castra (a military
camp).
Infrastructure structure: villas, baths and temples, their impressive
network of roads, and the cities

6. The Roman period ( 43 – 410 )
Landing of Julius
Caesar
Landing of the Romans
on the Coast of Kent
u

7. The Germanic invasions (410 – 1066)
Happening: Britain experienced another wave of
Germanic invasions in the eighth century. These
invaders, known as Vikings, Norsemen or Danes, came
from Scandinavia.
Languages: German
Cultural relics : Celtic culture and language survived
only in present-day Scotland, Wales and Cornwall.
Infrastructure structure: towns and cities, great effect
on the countryside, where they introduced new farming
methods and founded thousands of self-sufficient
villages

8. The Germanic invasions (410 – 1066)
King Arthur The Germanic invaisions

9. The medieval period (1066 – 1458)
Happening: The successful Norman invasion of England (1066) brought
Britain into the mainstream of western European culture. Only in Scotland did
this link survive, the western isles (until the 13th century) and the northern
islands (until the fifteenth century) remaining under the control of Scandinavian
kings. Throughout this period, the English kings also owned land on the
continent and were often at war with the French kings.
Language: Germanic language, Middle English, norman language
Cultural relics: a cultural split had developed between the lowlands, where the
way of life and language was similar to that in England, and the highlands,
where Gaelic culture and language prevailed - and where, due to the
mountainous terrain, the authority of the Scottish king was hard to enforce.

10. William the Conqueror
William seat on his throne

11. The sixteenth century
Happening: In its first outbreak in the middle of
the fourteenth century, bubonic plague (known in
England as the Black Death) killed about a third
of the population of Great Britain. The shortage of
labor that it caused, and the increasing
importance of trade and towns, weakened the
traditional ties between lord and peasant.
Faith: Protestantism
Cultural relics: The Tudor dynasty (1485-1603), the 'Church of England’, the Roman Church

12. The Wars of the Roses
Protestantism

13. The seventeenth century
Happening: When James I became the first English king of the
Stuart dynasty, he was already James VI of Scotland, so that
the crowns of these two countries were united.
In the seventeenth century, the link between religion
and politics became intense. At the start of the century, some
people tried to kill the king because he wasn’t Catholic enough.
This was the context in which, during the century,
Parliament established its supremacy over the monarchy.
Languages: 'Scots’, English
Faith: Protestantism, Puritanism
Infrastructure structure: the Presbyterian Church

14. The Glorious Revolution refers to the deposition in
November 1688 of James II and VII, king of
England, Scotland and Ireland, and his replacement
by his daughter Mary II and her husband William
III of Orange, stadtholder and de facto ruler of the
Dutch Republic.
William III also widely known as William of Orange,
was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth,
Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders,
and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from the 1670s,
and King of England, Ireland, and Scotland from 1689
until his death in 1702.

15. The eighteenth century
Happening: In 1707, the Act of Union was passed. Under this agreement, the
Scottish parliament was dissolved and some of its members joined the English
and Welsh parliament in London and the former two kingdoms became one
‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’.
The only part of Britain to change radically as a result of political
forces in this century was the highlands of Scotland. This area twice supported
failed attempts to put a (Catholic) Stuart monarch back on the throne.
It was a cultural change that was most marked in this century. Britain
gradually acquired an empire in the Americas, along the west African coast, and
in India.
Movement: The greatly increased trade that this allowed was
one factor that led to the Industrial Revolution.
Millions moved from rural areas into new towns
and cities.

16. The eighteenth century
The Whigs- a political faction and then
a political party in the Parliaments
The Industrial Revolution

17. The nineteenth century
Happening: Not long before this century began, Britain
lost its most important colonies ( north American ones)
in a war of independence.
The growth of the empire was encouraged
by a change in attitude during the century. These
owners O and the growing middle class of tradespeople
and professionals held the real power in the country.
Reform: included not only political reforms but also
reforms that recognized some human rights (as we
now call them). Slavery and the laws against people
on the basis of religion were abolished, and laws
were made to protect workers from some of the
worst excesses of the industrial mode of production.
Public services such as the post and the police were
begun.

18. North American colonies
Queen Victoria

19. The end!