J. C. Bose in scientific and national contextsRajeshKochhar4
J C Bose was the first tangible proof that members of a slave country could be the equals of their European masters. Bose and P C Ray were India’s (and non-Western world’s) first mainstream modern scientists. Both burst on the world scene in 1895.
J. C. Bose in scientific and national contextsRajeshKochhar4
J C Bose was the first tangible proof that members of a slave country could be the equals of their European masters. Bose and P C Ray were India’s (and non-Western world’s) first mainstream modern scientists. Both burst on the world scene in 1895.
Contribution of Physicists and Chemists in BiologyDhaval Bhatt
Biology is the science of living things. But the biology/life sciences we know now has its roots in physics and chemistry. For that, many physicist and chemists have contributed in the field.
Rise and decline of modern science in IndiaRajesh Kochhar
JC Bose became the first Indian mainstream modern scientist in 1895 with the publication of his first experimental paper on mm-wave radio waves. I discuss 12 decades of Indian pursuit of science by identifying three sequential stages: nationalist phase(1895-1945); international phase (1945-(say) 1990); and the current global phase. The year 1945 is important because this is the year Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bombay was established.
The Story of Har Gobind Khorana: First Indian Scientist to Win the Nobel Priz...The Lifesciences Magazine
The role of medicines can be described as “To cure sometimes, to heal often, and to comfort always”. India has a prolonged history of medicinal research in Ayurveda and physiology.
Contribution of Physicists and Chemists in BiologyDhaval Bhatt
Biology is the science of living things. But the biology/life sciences we know now has its roots in physics and chemistry. For that, many physicist and chemists have contributed in the field.
Rise and decline of modern science in IndiaRajesh Kochhar
JC Bose became the first Indian mainstream modern scientist in 1895 with the publication of his first experimental paper on mm-wave radio waves. I discuss 12 decades of Indian pursuit of science by identifying three sequential stages: nationalist phase(1895-1945); international phase (1945-(say) 1990); and the current global phase. The year 1945 is important because this is the year Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bombay was established.
The Story of Har Gobind Khorana: First Indian Scientist to Win the Nobel Priz...The Lifesciences Magazine
The role of medicines can be described as “To cure sometimes, to heal often, and to comfort always”. India has a prolonged history of medicinal research in Ayurveda and physiology.
This Lecture was delivered on Science Day celebrations held in SUS College of Engg. & Technology, Tangori. It covers problems of Science education in India at School level, with particular reference to Punjab state. Problems are highlighted but no simple solutions are offered by theAuthors contributions are
Dr. Homi Bhabha The Pioneering Scientist who Transformed India's Nuclear Prog...thenationaltv
Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha, a prominent Indian nuclear physicist, is often regarded as the father of India's nuclear program. Born on October 30, 1909, in Mumbai, India, Dr. Bhabha's exceptional intellect and passion for science led him to achieve remarkable feats in the field of nuclear physics. In this comprehensive article, we delve into the life and work of Dr. Homi Bhabha, exploring his contributions to nuclear research, his role in establishing India's atomic energy program, and his lasting legacy in the world of science.
Meghnad Saha in context : Work, life, and timesRajesh Kochhar
This year is the 100th anniversary of Saha’s equation. It is also the 100th anniversary of the end of World War 1. Is this a mere coincidence? Or, are the two events physically connected in some indirect way? I would argue that there indeed was a connection.
Meghnad Saha in context :Work, life, and timesRajesh Kochhar
2019 is the 100th anniversary of Saha’s equation. It is also the 100th anniversary of the end of World War 1. Is this a mere coincidence? Or, are the two events physically connected in some indirect way? I would argue that there indeed was a connection.
J. C. Bosein scientific and national contextsRajeshKochhar4
J C Bose was the first tangible proof that members of a slave country could be the equals of their European masters.Chronologically, Bose was the first one to demonstrate wireless telegraphy. His research focus however was on experimental study of radio waves. When his work was recent, it was duly recognized. In course of time, physicists, engineers, and historians simply forgot him.
There is however now an increasing realization that a world history of radio waves must include Bose’s name.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
3. • Science and Technology have always been an
integral part of Indian culture.
• Natural philosophy, as it was termed in those ancient
times, was pursued vigorously at institutions of
higher learning.
• The Indian Renaissance, which coincided with our
independence struggle, at the dawn of 1900s
witnessed great strides made by Indian scientists.
• This innate ability to perform creatively in science
came to be backed with an institutional setup and
strong state support after the country’s
independence in 1947.
• Since then, the Government of India has spared no
effort to establish a modern S&T infrastructure in the
country.
• The Department of Science and Technology plays a
pivotal role in promotion of science and technology in
the country.
Science & Technology
7. During a voyage to Europe
in 1921, Raman noticed the
blue colour of glaciers and
the Mediterranean sea. He
was motivated to discover
the reason for the blue
colour.
ACHIEVEMENT
. Raman carried out
experiments regarding the
scattering of light by water and
transparent blocks of ice which
explained the phenomenon.. He
detected lines in the spectrum,
which were later called Raman
lines.
He presented his theory at a
meeting of scientists in
Bangalore on 16 March
1928, and won the Nobel
Prize in Physics in 1930.
. In Munich, some physicists
were initially unable to
reproduce Raman's results,
leading to scepticism.
8. • Professor C V Raman was also the first to
investigate the harmonic nature of the sound.
• Raman was also conferred the title of ‘Bharat Ratna' in
1954.
• C.V’s discovery of the ‘Raman Effect' made a very
distinctive contribution to Physics.
• In 1943, he established the ‘Raman Research
Institute', near Bangalore. Bangalore.
• Highest honour in science, the ‘Nobel Prize' in
physics.
10. After completing his Mechanical
engineering he joined Tata Steel.
Early Life
Baba joined Elphinstone college,
then he passed his Cambridge
examination.
Then be joined Caius
College of Cambridge University.
11. Starting his nuclear physics career in Britain, Bhabha had returned
to India for his annual vacation before the start of World War II in
September 1939.
Bhabha played a key role in convincing the Congress Party's senior
leaders.
Bhabha established the Cosmic Ray Research Unit at the Institute,
began to work on the theory of point particles movement.
In 1945, he established the Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research in Bombay, and the Atomic Energy.
12. ATOMIC ENERGY IN INDIA
• Homi bhaba is known as the father of atomic science in
India.
• With the help of trustees he established an atomic research
at Mumbai.
• Many radioactive substances were discovered at this
atomic plant.
• After , his death the atomic centre was named after him.
13. LEGACY OF HOMI BHABHA
After his death, the Atomic Energy Establishment
at Bombay was renamed as the Bhabha Atomic
Research Centre in his honour.
Bhabha was also a painter
and a classical music and opera enthusiast
and a lover of plants.
Bhabha also encouraged research in
electronics, space science, radio astronomy
and microbiology.
The Homi Bhabha Fellowship Council has been
giving the Homi Bhabha Fellowships since 1967.
15. EARLY LIFE
Salim went to primary school at Zenana Bible
and Medical Mission High School.
Salim gained his higher education from St.
Xavier's College.
Salim was born in a Muslim Bhora
family.
He collected different types of birds.
He barely managed to pass the matriculation
exam of the Bombay University in 1913.
16. ORNITHOLOGY
Hugh Whistler
Ornithology is a branch of zoology that
concerns the study of birds.
The science of ornithology has a long
history and studies on birds .
Early ornithology was principally concerned
with descriptions and distributions of
species
Most modern biological theories apply
across taxonomic groups and the number
of professional scientists who identify
themselves as "ornithologists" .
A wide range of tools and techniques are used in
ornithology..
17. LATER LIFE AND DEATH:
Salim not only researched about birds,
but also contributed to the arena of
protection of nature.
For his extraordinary efforts, he was
given an international award of INR 5
lacs, but he donated all the money to
Bombay Natural History Society.
The Government of India honoured him
with Padma Vibhushan in 1983.
This genius man died at the age of 90 on
June 20, 1987.
19. IN SALIM ALI’S REMEMBRANCEAWARDS ARE GIVEN MUSLIM HERITAGE AWARDS
20. Hargobind Khorana(Prof. Emeritus) (MIT)
• Born: January 9, 1922 (1922-01-09) (age
87) Raipur, Multan, Punjab, British
India Residence :U.S.
• Nationality: U.S.
• Fields: Molecular
Biology Institutions
:MIT(1970 - )
• Universityof Wisconsin, Madison(1960-
70) Universityof British Columbia(1952-
60) Cambridge University(1950-52)
• Swiss Federal Instituteof Technology,
Zurich.
• Alma mater: Universityof
Liverpool(Ph.D.) Universityof the
Punjab(B.S.)(M.S.) Known for :Firstto
demonstratethe roleof Nucleotides in
protein synthesis
21. Multan-the town where Khorana studied
Hargobind Khoranadid his
schooling in Dayanand Anglo-
Vedic schooll located in Multan.
UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL
He studied at the University of
Liverpool.
22. KHORANA’S RESEARCH
Professor Har Gobind
Khoranawas one of
three scientists
awarded the Nobel
Prize in
Physiology/Medicine in
1968 - fortheir
interpretation of the
geneticcodeand its
function in protein
synthesis.
23. Khorana’s research at Cambridge University
• Khorana carried out his research
at Cambridge University between
1950 and 1952.
• He worked under SirAlexander Todd
• His interest in both proteins and nucleic
acids got strengthened at that time.
24. THE GENETIC CODE
• Khorana’s role in genome research was todesign
the methods.
• Which led to thesynthesis of well-defined nucleic
acids, ultimately leading to the solution of the
genetic code.
• Dr. Khorana and his team had established that the
motherof all codes.
• The biological languagecommon to all living
organisms, is spelled out in three-letterwords.
25. THE ROLE OF CODONS
Khorana found that the
nucleotidecode is always
transmitted to thecell in
groups of three, called codons.
Khoranaalso showed that
some of the codons prompt the
cell to startorstop the
manufactureof proteins.
26. P.C.Ray
Aka-father of chemistry
• P.C.Ray was known as the father of Indian
Chemistry.
• He was a great teacher and fond of science.
• He was a Patriot.
• He fought for Swaraj.
Introduction:-
27. EDUCATION
He started education in his father’s
village school.
Higher education was at Hare school
and Metropolitan Institute.
Completed his F.A diploma
(1881)from the university of Calcutta
.
He proceeded to the University of
Edinburgh on a Gilchrist
Scholarship.
28. CAREER
Ray joined in a
specially created
post in the
Presidency college
After retiring from
the Presidency
college
29. Gave the world a
presentation of a
new stable chemical
compound:
Search for the
elements missing
in the periodic
table
Covered a wide
range of problems
related to food
adulteration
Wrote a note of 100
pages on Mercury
salt
Developed a new
method for the
synthesis of
Ammonium Nitrate
Research
30. RAY
FOUNDED
•Bengal chemical & pharmaceutical works
•Bengal pottery works
•Calcatta soapworks and other factories
•A new Indian School of Chemistry