This document discusses various topics relating to nouns including: 1. How to make nouns plural by adding "s" or "es" and lists some irregular plurals. 2. How to form the possessive case for both people/animals ("s apostrophe") and inanimate objects/abstract nouns ("of"). 3. What compound nouns are and how their plurals are formed depending on their structure. 4. Common noun suffixes like "-ity", "-ment", and "-tion" and how they affect plural forms. 5. It provides examples for students to practice forming plurals and possessives.

1. UNIT 1: NOUNS (CONT’D)

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7bnEFe5cWk

3. ONE Apple: Singular
TWO AppleS: plural

4. PLURALS OF NOUNS
The plural of a noun is usually made by
adding the suffix _S to the singular
root
teacher teachers
If nouns end in o, ch, sh, ss, x , their
plural has _es

5. Nouns ending in y following a consonant form their
plural by dropping y and adding _ies
=> country countries ; baby babies ; lady
ladies
Nouns ending in f, fe, drop f or fe and add ves:
=> leaf leaves ; loaf loaves ; self  shelves
(life, knife, thief)

6. Some irregular plurals
1 foot 2 feet

7. 1 Goose  2 geese

8. 1 child  2 children

9. V. Plurals of nouns
5. Some irregular plurals
Singular
foot
sheep
series
ox
goose
man
tooth
woman
fish
person
Plural
feet
sheep
Series
oxen
geese
men
teeth
women
fish
people

10. Collective nouns: “group, family,
team” can have a singular or plural
verb:
E.g.:
 Our football team is very excellent (word
means single group)
 Our football team are wearing new
pullovers (a number of individual)

11. Some nouns with original Greek or
Latin have plurals in the rules of
Greek or Latin:
crisis  crises oasis  oases
memorandum memoranda
phenomenon  phenomena

12. The possessive case can be used to talk
about ownership or the relationship
between people. It is formed in two ways
POSSESSIVE CASE

13. 1. With ‘s for people and animals
 John’s book
 women’s house
 table’s leg
 dog’s basket

14. With of + inanimate things
 of + inanimate thing or abstract noun
 the window of the house
 The cost of living
 of + inanimate thing or abstract noun
 He’s a friend of Jack’s

15. Compound nouns are nouns that are made
of two or more parts and are formed as
followed:
 Noun + Noun: the first noun behaves
like an adjective. The plural is usually
formed by adding S/ES to the second
noun
London Transport sky jacket
winter clothes river bank
COMPOUND NOUNS

16. Noun + Gerund. The plural is usually
formed by adding S/ES to the word.
E.g.
Weight- lifting coal- mining
Gerund/Adjective + Noun: the gerund
is for the purpose of the thing. The plural
is usually formed by adding S/ES to the
noun.
E.g.:
Dining- room (room for dining)
Swimming pool (pool for swimming)

17. VIII. Noun ending
- ity  nationality
 - ment  appointment
- ness  happiness
- tion  relation
 - hood  childhood

18. VIII. NOUN ENDING
· -ant  assistant
· -er/or  teacher/professor
· -ist  artist
· -ee  employee
- ence  dependence

19. PAIR - WORK
I. Add –s or – es to the following words
to spell them correctly
1. passenger 7. belief 13. mouse
2. tax 8. hat 14. foot
3. quiz 9. page 15. tooth
4. brush 10. sketch 16. photo
5. guy 11. baby 17. radio
6. press 12. song 18. zoo

20. PRACTICE
II Complete the sentences with the
possessive form of the nouns in
parentheses.
1. (Mrs. Smith) Mrs. Smith’s
husband often gives her flowers.
2. (boy) The ……………….. hat is red
3. (boys) The ………… hats are red

21. 4. (children) The ……………….. toys are
all over the floor.
5. (child) I fixed the …………bicycle
6. (baby) The ……………….. toys are in her
crib
7. (babies) The ……………….. toys are in
their cribs.
8. (wives) Tom and Bob are married.
Their …….. names are Cindy and Jane,
respectively.