ENBE Project 2A

Case Study of The Rural, Suburban And Rural Context
Infrastructure In General

CONTENT
NO.
1.

ELEMENTS
INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT

PAGE NO.
1

2.
URBAN AREA: BUKIT BINTANG
- INTRODUCTION TO URBAN AREA
- MAP OF BUKIT BINTANG
- INTRODUCTION TO BUKIT BINTANG
- TRAFIC LIGHTS, PEDESTRIAN
WALKWAYS, STREET LIGHTS &
ROAD SIGNS IN BUKIT BINTANG

2-21

SUBURBAN AREA: DESA PARK CITY
- INTRODUCTION TO SUBURBAN
AREA
- MAP OF DESA PARK CITY
- INTRODUCTION TO DESA PARK
CITY
ROAD SIGNS IN DESA PARK CITY

22-31

RURAL AREA: JANDA BAIK, PAHANG
- INTRODUCTION TO RURAL AREA
- MAP OF JANDA BAIK
- INTRODUCTION TO JANDA BAIK
ROAD SIGNS IN JANDA BAIK

32-50

5.

COMPARISON OF URBAN, SUBURBAN &
RURAL AREAS

51-53

6.

CONCLUSION

54-55

3.

4.

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INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT
For this project, we are to study and analyse on 3 sites found as our
context of infrastructure in rural, suburban and urban areas and the 3 sites that
we have chosen are Janda Baik, Desa Park City and Bukit Bintang. The main
objective of this project is to study on the infrastructure in these three different
places and do study focusing on traffic lights, pedestrian walkways, street lights,
and road signages. The reason we have chosen road safety as part of our
infrastructure topic is because the accidents rate in Malaysia is increasing
dramatically each year.
Road safety refers to methods and measures for reducing the risk of a
person using the road network being killed or seriously injured. The users of a
road include pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, their passengers, and passengers
of on-road public transport, mainly buses and trains. Safe road design is now
about providing a road environment which ensures vehicle speeds will be within
the human tolerances for serious injury and death wherever conflict points exist.
The increasing number of vehicles and drivers are often associated with the total
number of road accidents. In 2009, there were 397,194 road accidents recorded
compared to 328,268 in 2005. And thus, the five types of infrastructure: traffic
lights, pedestrian walkways, street lights, and road signs play a vital part in
ensuring the safety of every traffic users on road.
According to investopedia, infrastructure can be defined as the basic
physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g: buildings, roads, and
power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

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URBAN AREA
BUKIT BINTANG

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INTRODUCTION TO URBAN AREA IN MALAYSIA
According to Global Health Facts, urban area is a built-up and populated
area that includes a municipality and generally has a population of 50,000 or
more. Urban areas can be cities, towns or conurbations. Such settlements began
to develop in the ancient world, and have led to the large cities of modern times.
As agriculture became more prevalent in the ancient world, people began to form
groups and to settle in permanent areas. These villages allowed the
concentrated population to develop specialized skills, such as becoming
blacksmiths and traders. Technology continued to develop and draw more and
more people into these villages, raising the population level even more. This
trend continues today and forms urban areas as what we see today. This is also
true in the case of Bukit Bintang, Malaysia.
As the population grow, urban areas are densely packed with man-madestructures with little open space within their boundaries causing the boundaries of
cities extended outward into the open land, forming bigger areas. Urban areas in
Malaysia are usually laid out in a grid or radial pattern according to the visual
shown in Map 1.2. Either streets are laid in right angles to each other forming a
grid, or the streets run toward the centre of the city and meet at a central point.
This rise of industry provided more jobs and encouraged even more people to
migrate to the cities. In short, economy in urban areas is the backbone of the
economy of a country.
The population in Malaysia is concentrated largely in urban areas.
According to a World Bank the total urban population in Malaysia was last
reported at 72.20% in 2010. Due to high density of population in urban areas as
compared to suburban and rural areas in Malaysia, many facilities and mobility
infrastructures like bus stops, train stations, and taxi stands are built to
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accommodate the people’s needs because people are constantly moving around
to their destinations. Highways and flyovers are also built in urban areas.
Besides, buildings in urban areas are consist of mostly high-rise building such as,
residential buildings like condominiums and apartments, industrial buildings, and
commercial buildings like office buildings, warehouse, and retail shopping malls.
Each building is arranged in a way that is it is very compact as compared to
those in suburban and rural areas.

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2

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Map of Bukit Bintang

Map 1.1

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Satellite View of Bukit Bintang

Map 1.2

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INTRODUCTION TO JALAN BUKIT BINTANG
On the 3rd of April, we went to Pavilion, Bukit Bintang to do a research on
the urban context. Bukit Bintang, a renowned shopping and entertainment district
in Kuala Lumpur stretches along the famous road Jalan Bukit Bintang, and slots
in the areas
a) Jalan Raja Chulan
b) Jalan Imbi
c) Jalan Pudu
d) Jalan Sultan Ismail
e) Jalan Ampang
Besides being a part of the Golden Triangle, Bukit Bintang is quarters to
numerous prominent shopping centers, cafes, clubs, shops, malls, and specialty
shops. The region is also known for having a number of lavish hotels and
restaurants. Here one can see heaps of hawker-styled eateries, where delectable
dishes can be enjoyed at really cheap rates. As one of the major shopping
districts, Bukit Bintang proffers a selection of merchandise to go well with every
budget.
In terms of access by road, Bukit Bintang may owe its reasonably high
accessibility to its status as a popular destination among locals and tourists alike.
The SMART Tunnel entrance is located in this area and connects to key
highways such as the Kuala Lumpur-Seremban Expressway and the East-West
Link Expressway. The entrance to another major highway, the Maju Expressway,
is also in this area. The most direct mode of public transportation into and out of
Bukit Bintang is the KL Monorail system. The latter is an urban monorail system
that connects KL Sentral with the Golden Triangle. The system provides direct
access to Bintang Walk via the Bukit Bintang monorail station, which is located at

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the intersection of Jalan Bukit Bintang and Jalan Sultan Ismail. In addition,
several Rapid KL buses make frequent stops in and around the district.
Under the upcoming My Rapid Transit (MRT) project, Bukit Bintang will gain
one more point of access via public transportation. The finalised Sungai BulohKajang Line will incorporate one station, namely, Bukit Bintang Central, which
has been designated for Bintang Walk and is expected to begin operations in
January 2016.

Figure 1.3: View of Bukit Bintang
from the outside of Lot 10
Shopping Mall

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Figure1.4: View of Bukit Bintang, Source : http://hotelecam.blogspot.com

1. TRAFFIC LIGHT
Traffic lights, also known as traffic signals, traffic lamps, signal lights are
signaling device positioned at road intersections, pedestrian crossings and other
locations to control competing flows of traffic.
There are a few traffic lights positioned at the T-junction between Pavilion
mall and Sephora building in front of Starhill gallery as well as Fahrenheit
shopping mall. During peak hours and also festivals, they are very useful to
control the car flow. This region often makes the venue for the major night
events, like New Year's Eve, Merdeka Eve, Fashion Shows, Street Concerts and
Parties. For instance, the street lighting ceremony held at Pavilion has made the
traffic very congested as people gathered around to view the large scale thematic
decorations on its streets. In this case, traffic lights in Bukit Bintang function well
in directing the traffic on the streets and ensuring the safety of every
pedestrians.

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Figure 1.5: View of traffic lights at the bus stop outside Pavilion

Figure 1.6: The view of traffic lights from the outside of the entrance of Pavilion
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Besides controlling car flow, they also signal pedestrians to cross the
zebra crossing. It safeguards pedestrians’ safety. Pedestrians stop at red light
when vehicles are moving at green light. The traffic light is two-layer designated.
The highest one signals the traffic flow and can be seen from far away while the
lower one gives signal to pedestrians and drivers. They are also associated with
a sound device, for the benefit of blind and visually impaired pedestrians. These
make a slow beeping sound when the traffic lights are red and continuous
buzzing sounds when the lights are green.
The design of the traffic lights is also good because they signal drivers,
motorcyclists and pedestrians on road. Most importantly, this helps to reduce the
collisions and unwanted accidents on road.

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2. PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY
Bukit Bintang- KLCC Pedestrian Walkway is a long pedestrian bridge that
connects shopping malls to one another. The figure below shows the pedestrian
walkway bridge which connects Pavilion KL to Impiana KLCC Hotel and the
Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre. The other portion of this walkway is a
pedestrian tunnel on the convention centre’s concourse level linked to Suria
KLCC shopping centre.

Map 1.3: Map of Bukit Bintang pedestrian walkway bridge
Source: www.tourmalaysia.com
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Also known as the Pavilion-KLCC pedestrian bridge, there are several entrance
and exit points (escalators and staircases) along the bridge: one is located at
Connection _an al-fresco dining and entertainment strip at Pavilion KL), while the
others are at busy areas such as Jalan Pinang, Jalan Perakam, Jalan Raja
Chulan and the KL Convention Centre. Also accessible via this bridge is the Raja
Chulan monorail station and the KLCC LRT station.

Figure 1.7: The Pavilion-KLCC pedestrian bridge
Resource: www.impiana.com.my

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FIGURE 1.8: The interior of the Pavilion-KLCC pedestrian bridge
Source: www.wonderfulmalaysia.com

With the Bukit Bintang-KLCC pedestrian walkway, people especially
backpack travelers can travel safely, conveniently and comfortably on foot from
Bukit Bintang all the way to the Kuala Lumpur city centre. In short, the bridge
links the KLCC and Bukit Bintang: two major retail and tourism spot. It takes 15
to 20 minutes to walk across the five-metre wide, air-conditioned bridge.
Moreover, from the KL Convention Centre, it takes visitors less than a few
minutes to access a number of KL landmarks such as the Suria KLCC shopping
centre, Petronas Twin Towers, KLCC park and more.

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Besides, there is a bridge connecting Sungai Wang shopping mall and
Lot10 mall, it is convenient as people can be free from sun exposure as well as
accident risk on road. The bridge provides a safer route rather than crossing the
highways with speeding vehicles using zebra crossing.

Figure 1.9

Figure 1.10

Figure 1.11

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Figure 1.9, 1.10, 1.11 shows the view of bridge connecting Sungai Wang
shopping mall and Lot10 from the monorail station. The Sungai Wang-Lot10
bridge is also connected to the Bukit Bintang monorail station.

3. STREET LIGHTS

FIGURE 1.12: The view of lamp post from pavilion shopping mall.

Street lights or known as lamppost is a raised source of light on the edge
of a road or walkway, which is turned on or lit at a certain time every night. Street
lighting is very important to prevent accidents and ensure safety.
Studies have shown that darkness results in a large number of crashes
and fatalities, especially those involving pedestrians; pedestrian fatalities are 3 to

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6.75 times more likely in the dark than in daylight. Street lighting has been found
to reduce pedestrian crashes by approximately 50% in urban areas.
Furthermore, lighted intersections and highway interchanges tend to have
fewer crashes than unlighted intersections and interchanges.

Figure 1.13: The night view of street lights in Bukit Bintang
Source: http://www.kuala-lumpur.ws

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Figure 1.14: The night view of street lights and decorative lights
Source: http://pelancongan-kini.blogspot.com
The street lights also serve important functions during the night after dusk.
They light up the streets so pedestrians have clearer sight view at night. Hence
accidents do not happen that frequently. They also function as ornaments,
especially during festivals or special occasions. The buildings will look more
grand and adorned; and thus lighten up the city and streets, this is vital in order
to attract tourists.
The ornamental lights that adorn arches, poles, trees and sidewalks
include tree-shaped and chandelier-shaped lights. The lights also come in a
variety of effects such as glowing fairy lights, cascading tear drops, chasing light
and meteor lights.

Figure 1.15: The view of street lights just opposite the entrance of pavilion

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The figure above shows two extra lights attached to the main street light. These
lights function as spotlight; they brighten up the building to make them look
magnificent.
4. ROAD SIGNS
According to SafetySign, traffic signs or road signs are signs erected at
the side of or above roads to provide information to road users. These signs can
seem to be a part of the road and are used for the purpose of giving out
information to people on a number of issues. These signs are very important and
hence you should know how to read them in order to avoid accidents on the
road. Therefore, if followed properly, road signs help maintain discipline on road.
Road signs are placed in a manner that makes them visible to the driver
from a distance. This helps drivers consider the condition of the road ahead as
described by the sign; they may need to change their speed accordingly. Road
signs come in different shapes and colours, where each stands for a particular
message. This makes it possible to recognise a road sign before a driver actually
reaches it. The size of a road sign also differs depending on the message it has
to give.

Figure 1.16: Direction Signs in front
of the monorail station next to a
building.

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Guide and Information signs indicate information for route selections, for
locating off-road facilities, or for identiying geographical features or points of
interest. Direction signs in urban areas are used to show directions to
pedestrians and drivers. They also guide tourists to different landmarks and
shopping malls in Bukit Bintang. The color coordination of the direction signs are
easily seen because of the contrasting color of the texts with its background. The
boards are arrow shaped as they point to a particular direction.

Figure 1.17: Sign board at the monorail station

They give clear instructions on which platform to head to so that people
will not get confused or board on the wrong monorail carriage.

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Figure 1.18: Road sign beside a road
The road signs in Bukit Bintang are usually pedestrian crossing signs,
road work signs, warning signs, land indication signs and construction signs as
what we observed. These signs play an important role to give appropriate signals
and warnings to road users including pedestrians and drivers on road. In this
way, road users can pay extra attention to certain circumstances and obstacles
to prevent unnecessary accidents and injuries. Certain road signs enables
drivers to give priority to pedestrians on road to ensure everyone’s safety.

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SUBURBAN AREA
DESA PARK CITY

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INTRODUCTION TO SUBURBAN AREA IN MALAYSIA
Suburban area is a residential area that existing as part of a city or urban
area. It is also a separate residential community within commuting distance of a
city. Generally, suburban areas pertain to residential districts and mean the
surrounding residential areas of a bigger city. Suburban areas are defined
differently in some countries. A suburban also can mean the surrounding
residential areas of a bigger city, and a group of these can actually form a part of
a really big city, they can be several aggregates of distant residential areas.
As the population grow, suburban area generally spread out over greater
distances than other types of living environments. Emerging in 1850 s, as the
result of fast rising urban population and improving technology, suburban have
remained a popular alternative to the city. Besides, people may live in the
suburban in order to avoid the density and untidiness of the city.
Transportation of suburban plays an important role in the life of a
suburban resident who usually commutes to work. Suburban are the community
surrounding cities that are usually made up of single-family homes, but are
increasingly including multifamily home and places like malls and office buildings.
People also like to decide for themselves how to live and what rules to live by.
People living in the same suburban usually share similar backgrounds with
regard to raise, social economic status, and aged. The houses that made up the
area are similar in appearance, size, and blueprint, a layout design referred to as
tract housing, or cookie-cutter housing.

Figure 2.1

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Map of Desa Park City

DESA PARK CITY

Map 2.1
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Satellite View of Desa Park City

Map 2.2

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INTRODUCTION TO DESA PARK CITY
The enclave of Desa Park City which covers an area of about 473 acres prime
real estate has often been described as “a property goldmine” due to the fact that
it has seen significant increase in real estate value. This is evidenced by the fact
that the Southlake phase of the area is currently selling at about RM1. 3 million,
double the price when it was first launched.
Factors such as exclusivity, security, easy access to roads and major highways
and convenience are attributed to the increase in price. The area has about 25
residential neighbourhoods, 2 business parks, a multi-million dollar clubhouse
and upcoming facilities include places of worship, hospitals and other facilities.
Desa Park City has easy access to the LDP (Lebuhraya Damansara-Puchong),
the Penchala Link and The Middle Ring Road and hence property owners can
have ease of mobility. Upon exiting Desa Park City into the LDP, Petaling Jaya,
Kuala Lumpur , Bangsar and Mont Kiara are all less than 15 minutes away.
Further, for those who yearn for retail therapy, malls such as 1 Utama, The Curve
and Ikano are all less than 5 minutes away.
Desa Park City also features excellent infrastructure such as good road
management, stringent security checks, a beautiful and scenic lake and also
good facilities for families such as a jogging park, a dog walking area, and
convenience stores. There are also plans for an international school which will
enable the residents’ children to receive a good education without even leaving
the area. There are also ample dining options that’s located at the waterfront
area which is right by the lake which makes for meaningful and romantic dinners
at night with your loved ones.

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TRAFFIC LIGHTS

Figure 2.2
There are a few of traffic lights near Desa Park City, they are normal traffic
lights used in Malaysia. Normal traffic lights are used because the traffic flow in
Desa Park City is not as heavy as in Bukit Bintang. Traffic lights near Desa Park
City are usually found at T-junction and cross roads to control the traffic. Traffic
lights used here can slow down the speed of vehicles at junctions, taking turns to
head to their particular destinations and thus help to prevent road accidents
involving innocent pedestrians. These also allows pedestrian to cross the road
safe and sound.

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Figure 2.3: Example of cross
roads with traffic lights in Desa
Park City
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org

PEDESTRAIN WALKWAY

Figure 2.4

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Figure 2.4 shows a walkway around the lake at the park in Desa Park City. It can
be used to enjoy the view of lake. This type of cement walkways is built for the
convenience of people to walk surrounding the lake rather than walking in tall
grass or even muddy grounds. In this case, people can avoid falling or sliding
into the lake accidentally while viewing the scenery of the lake at Desa Park City
or in other words, the safety of people is ensured.

Figure 2.5
Figure 2.5 shows a small bridge to across a small man-made waterfall from the
waterfront to the park. It has a handle bar on the bridge for children, handicapped
people and the aged. Visitors on the bridge can enjoy the man-made waterfall as
well as the fishes in it.
Figure 2.6 shows a stairs case which allows
visitors to step on the walkway to view the lake.

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Figure 2.6
STREET LIGHTS

Figure 2.7
Figure 2.7 show that it has many street lights along the roadside beside the lake.
They will lighten up at night for visitor’s safety and form a beautiful scenery at the
lakeside. The street lights also ensure the safety of people walking at night and
reduces crime rate.

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SIGN BOARD

Figure 2.8

Figure 2.8 show a sign board at the park.This sign board is used give instructions
of the Desa Park City to the people. There are rules and regulation as well as
warnings stated to ensure personal safety while walking in the park.

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RURAL AREA
JANDA BAIK

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INTRODUCTION TO RURAL AREA IN MALAYSIA
In general, a rural area is a geographic area that is located outside the
cities and towns. A rural area is an open swath of land that has few homes or
other buildings, and not very many people. A rural areas population density is
very low. In a rural area, there are fewer people, and their homes and businesses
are located far away from one another. According to the Population Data of The
World Bank, the population of rural area in Malaysia have decreased from 8
million residents to 7 million residents due to the year from 2008 until present.
The places such as villages, small towns, and other small settlements are in or
surrounded by rural areas.

Agriculture is the primary industry to support the ecomomic income of the
residents who live in rural area. Agricultural economics originally applied the
principles of economics to the production of crops and livestock — a discipline
known as agronomics. In rural area, most of the people live or work on farms
or ranches. While in Malaysia, there are 16% of the population of Malaysia is
employed through some sort of agriculture where the large-scale plantations
were established by the British. These plantations opened opportunity for new
crops such as rubber (1876), palm oil (1917), and cocoa (1950). A number of
crops are grown for domestic purpose such as bananas, coconuts, durian,
pineapples, rice, rambutan and other plants.

Wildlife is more frequently found in rural areas than in cities because of
the absence of people and buildings. In fact, rural areas are often called the
country because residents can see and interact with the countries native wildlife.

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In Malaysia, there are about two thirds of Malaysia is covered in forest which is
believed to be 130 million years old. Besides fainforests, coastal land of the
peninsular is fringed by mangroves, which cause sediment buildup resulting in
peat bogs. These provide a base for plants that can tolerate the conditions. The
peat forests of coastal Malaysia provide an important habitat for waterbirds and
fish. Also, Malaysia are estimated to be the habitat of around 2,000 tree species,
and are one of the most biodiverse areas in the world, with 240 different species
of trees every hectare. Further inland, Heath forests host many members of the
Rafflesia genus, the largest flowers in the world. They also contain large
numbers of carnivorous plants, such as pitcher plants, bladderworts, sundews,
and ant-house plants. These are only found in rural areas.

On the other hand, as we can see, the infrastructures are rarely found
because of the less development from the authorities in rural area. According to
the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) 1996, the
roads, electricity supplies, telecommunication, and other infrastructure services
are limited in all rural areas. Therefore, the authorities in Malaysia like FELDA
have start their projects to develop and improve the quality of living spaces in
rural areas.

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Map of Janda Baik

Map 3.1

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Satellite View of Janda Baik

Map 3.2

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Introduction to Janda Baik, Pahang
On the first week of March (1 March-3 March ), my group members and I
were accompanied by the subjects of ENBE lecturers- Puan Norhayati and Mr.
Angus, for a 3 days 2 nights site visit to Janda Baik,Pahang.
Janda Baik is a simple traditional Malay kampung or small village with a
population of opproximately 1000 people and was categorized as a rural area in
Pahang, Malaysia. The place is located 45km from Kuala Lumpur with an hour's
drive by using Karak Highway. It is a peaceful surrounded by thick rainforest with
streams and waterfalls.
According to its history, “Janda Baik” means “the good widow” in Malay.
As the story is told by local folks, in the old days a path that connects Selangor
and Pahang beats its way through the village, It was said that a mercenary, who
was returning after fighting in a civil war in Selangor stopped at the village for a
rest and to nurse some wounds he had sustained in battle. Upon seeing this
ragtag team in the vicinity, a kindly widow immediately offered help and tended to
the mercenary’s wounds. The man was thankful and deeply cherished the
kindness. As a mark of respectful for this kind widow, the leader of the warrior
pack would always advise his men to call on the woman whenever they were in
the vicinity.
As Janda Baik is a rural area, the place provides a quite retreat from the
hustle and bustle of city life. The tourists who visit there can enjoy the nature and
extremely activities such as jungle trekking, waterfalls and water rafting where
they are not found in urban and suburban area. Due to the preserving and
protecting action of the authorities of Janda Baik, its ecological system and
beautiful nature have been maintained, also the original existing concept of
Malay kampung (village) environment and development have sustained. Besides,

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the authorities have also improve the safety issues of infrastructures and facilities
as the road which connected the places in Janda Baik are narrow and it is
dangerous when driving in dark.

Figure 3.1 shows the
entrance of Janda Baik,
Pahang.
Source:
http://pienkcat.blogspot.com

Figure 3.2
Figure 3.2 shows the view of living place of villagers of Janda Baik.

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1. TRAFFIC LIGHT
Traffic light is road signal for directing vehicular traffic by means of coloured
lights, typically red for stop, green for go, and yellow for proceed with caution. It
also called as stoplight or traffic signal which used to control the flow of traffic. In
rural areas such as Janda Baik was not much of traffic and road as well, thus
there are no traffic lights found in Janda Baik. However, there are some hazard
lights can be seen along the narrow road of Janda Baik.

Figure 3.3 shows the straight road in Janda Baik where it was found that there is
no traffic light on the road.

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1.1 HAZARD LIGHT
According to the dictionary, hazard light is an automotive engineering when
flashing simultaneously to indicate that the vehicle is stationary and temporarily
obstructing the traffic. It also called as hazard warning lights hazard. Majority of
the hazard lights were placed at the side of road or the place where road is under
construction. It also used to alert the drivers to be more careful when driving at
that current place.

Figure 3.4
Figure 3.4 shows hazard light is found at the area of school.

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2. PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY
Pedestrian walkway is a walk consisting of a paved area for pedestrians, usually
found beside a street or roadway. Walkways are the portion of the public right-ofway that provides a separated area for people traveling on foot and they are
safe, accessible, and aesthetically pleasing attract pedestrians. In Janda Baik,
we can found there are some pedestrian walkway such as pathways, stairs and
bridges in the resorts and roads.

Figure 3.4
Figure 3.4 shows that the pathway is built and used for pedestrians to walk along
the lake to avoid pedestrians to be too close to the lake.

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Figure 3.5
Figure 3.5 shows that the stairs is built at the slope to make sure it will be more
convenient for pedestrians to climb uphill.

Figure 3.7

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Figure 3.7 shows the pathway in Teratak Melaya Resort that made by rocks
where tourists can safely across the river and enjoy the nature that only found in
rural area.

Figure 3.6
Figure 3.6 shows that the bridge is used for pedestrians to across the river.

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Map 3.2
Map 3.2 shows that the bridges to across the river found in Janda Baik.
Source: http://trikkead.blogspot.com/2013_02_01_archive.html
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3. STREET LIGHTS
Street light is one of the series of lights that are usually attached to tall poles,
placed at intervals along a public street or roadway, and are illuminated from
dusk to dawn. It also called as lamp post.
In Janda Baik, the numbers of street light are very less on the road. This is
because the villages are seldom going out and most of them will stay at home at
night. However, the street light can be found at the main road of the entrance of
Janda Baik and the entrance of resorts. This is because the entrance of Janda
Baik is narrow and curve, thus the street light is used to make sure it will be
easier for driver to drive on the road and avoid the accidents happen.

Figure 3.8
Figure 3.8 shows that the lamp post is found at the entrance of Janda Baik.
Source: http://280808lifesharing.blogspot.com/2011/01/janda-baik-pahang.html
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Figure 3.9
Figure 3.9 shows that lamp posts are rarely found in Janda Baik. Most of them
are placed at the entrances of resorts.

Figure 3.10 shows that the lamp post is found on the way to Teratak Resort
where we are checked in.

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4. ROAD SIGNS
Road sign is a sign that giving information or instructions to road users. It is also
a type of traffic sign that indicates a hazard ahead on the road that may not be
readily apparent to a driver. The road sign is usually contain a symbol which is
easily for the drivers to read it and understand it and it can always be found at
the side of the road. There are two types of road signs which are signboards and
safety signs. Signboard is a sign which provides specific information or
instructions by geometric shape, colours and a symbol or pictogram, without
written words, which is rendered visible by lighting of sufficient intensity. While
safety sign is a sign referring to a specific object, activity or situation and
providing an illuminated sign, an acoustic signal, and verbal communication or a
hand signal.

Figure 3.11
Figure 3.11 shows the signboard which shows the way to Janda Baik.
Source: http://ignorantbrat.blogspot.com/2012_07_01_archive.html
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Figure 3.12
Figure 3.12 shows the Chevron (arrowhead) safety sign at the entrance of
Janda Baik.
Chevron (arrowhead) signs are the signs that usually posted in groups to guide
drivers around the sharp curves in the road. The Chevron signs can always
found at the side of the road in Janda Baik as most of them are placed at the
sharp corner of the road to remind the drivers to drive slowly and carefully.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN RURAL, SUBURBAN AND URBAN
AREAS
Human settlement areas are classified depending on lot of things,
countries, state, rural, suburban and urban. The common way to classify a
residential area is according to rural, suburban and urban.
Rural areas are characterized with having small, tight-knit communities.
Ever seen those shows, where everyone knows everyone else, well that is a rural
community. Rural areas are classified according to their small population and
having farming abilities. It is an open swatch of the land that has few homes or
other buildings and it has a very low density of population. Many people in rural
areas are considered to be farmers. Rural areas are more community based
people and depend on social gatherings and other similar events. Their homes
and business are located far away from one another. The roads, electricity
supplies, telecommunication and other infrastructure services are limited in all
rural areas. This is due to the less development from the authorities.
Suburban surround major cities and are typically made up of single-family
detached residences, and typically have more green space and a lower
population density than the urban area. Compared to rural area, suburbs usually
have greater population density, higher standards of living, more complex road
systems, more franchised stores and restaurants, and less farmland and wildlife.
Suburban areas have been continuously expanding father from the city. This is
called suburban sprawl. Suburban areas can offer a different lifestyle than the
city. Transportation of suburban plays an important role in the life of a suburban
resident who usually commutes to work. Suburbs typically have longer travel
times to work than traditional neighborhoods. This is due to the poor suburban

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systems, longer travel distances and the inefficiency of traffic distributing. People
living in the same suburban usually share similar backgrounds with regard to
raise, social economic.
The population in Malaysia is concentrated largely in urban area. Urban
area is a built-up and populated area that includes a municipality and generally
has a population of 5000 or more. It can be cities, towns or conurbations.
Lifestyle in urban areas is considered to be fast paced, people are often depicted
as workaholics or having an active social life. As the population grows, urban
areas are densely packed with man-made structures with the little open space
within their boundaries. Urban areas are usually laid out in right angles to each
other forming a grid, or the streets run towards the centre of the city and meet at
a central point. Economy in urban areas is the backbone of the economy of a
country due to the rise of industry. The rise of industry have provided more jobs
opportunities and encouraged more people to migrate to the cities. Many
infrastructures are built to accommodate the people's needs because people are
usually moving around to their destinations.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN JANDA BAIK, DESA PARK CITY AND
BUKIT BINTANG
Criteria

Rural

Suburban

Urban

Janda Baik
No.
Only have hazard
lights when there is
any road
constructions or
land slide occurring.

Desa Park City
Yes.
There are few traffic
lights near Desa Park
City. The frequency of
traffic light is low
because the traffic flow
in not as heave as in
urban area .

Bukit Bintang
Yes.
There are lots of traffic
lights. Few positioned
at T-junction between
Pavilion Mall and
Sephora building in
front of Starhill gallery
as well as Fahrenheit
shopping mall.

Pedestrian
walkway

Yes.
Main functions are
river crossing and
road crossing.
Usually hanging
bridge for river
crossing.

Yes.
Main functions are
road crossing and lake
crossing.

Yes.
Main function is road
crossing. Mostly airconditioned with
instructed facilities.

Street light

Yes.
Main entrance of the
Janda Baik and the
resort

Yes.
Many street lights
along the roadside
beside the lake

Road sign

Yes.
Direction signs,
arrow signs, road
work signs and
landslide signs.

Yes.
Pedestrian crossing
signs

Yes.
Many along the
roadside. Has its own
style and design.
Functions as
ornaments and
spotlight.
Yes.
Pedestrian crossing
signs, road work signs,
warning signs, land
indication signs and
construction signs.

Traffic light

Table 4.1
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Table 4.1 shows the comparison of infrastructure between rural area,
suburban area and urban area. We had chosen Janda Baik as rural area, Desa
Park City as suburban area and Bukit Bintang as urban area. In the aspect of
infrastructure, we have chosen road safety as our topic to discuss about. Four
types of infrastructure that we have chosen are traffic light, pedestrian walkway,
street light and road sign.
Based on our course study and some research on the 3 locations, we
have found out that these 3 areas have quite a lot of differences in infrastructure.
Traffic light are signaling device that positioned at road intersections,
pedestrian crossing and other places to control competing flows of traffic. There
is no traffic light in Janda Baik while Desa Park City and Bukit Bintang Have. At
Bukit Bintang, the traffic lights can be found at the T-junction between Pavilion
Mall and Sephora building in front of Starhill Gallery as well as Fahrenhet
shopping mall. There are only few traffic lights at Desa Park City as the traffic
flow is not heavy as the Bukit Bintang.
There are pedestrian walkway at Janda Baik, Desa Park City and Bukit
Bintang. The pedestrian walkway is functions differently at different places. The
main function at Janda Baik is river crossing and some are road crossing. While
at Desa Park City, the main functions of pedestrian are road crossing and river
crossing. The main function of pedestrian walkway at Bukit Bintang is road
crossing.
Street lights serve vital functions during the night. They light up the streets
so that pedestrians have clearer sight view at night. It is a source of light on the

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edge of a road or walkway, which can prevent accidents and ensure safety.
Street light can be found at Janda Baik, Desa Park City and Bukit Bintang. There
are only few street lights at the entrance of Janda Baik and the resort. There are
many street lights along the roadside beside the lake at Desa Park City. It is to
ensure people’s safety at night. The street lights at Bukit Bintang are all along the
roadside and has its own design. It is functions as ornaments and spotlight.
The road sign is used for the purpose of giving out information on a
number of issues. These signs are vital because it can help us to avoid accidents
on the road and help maintain discipline on the road. There are road signs at
Janda Baik, Desa Park City and Bukit Bintang. The road signs are most seen at
Bukit Bintang. There are pedestrian crossing signs, road work signs, warning
signs, land indication signs and construction signs.

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CONCLUSION
After our course study and some research, we have concluded that there
are very much differences in the context of infrastructure in rural area, suburban
area and urban area. The differences are quite obvious especially when we
compare the rural area, Janda Baik to urban area, Bukit Bintang. As for suburban
area, Desa Park City, there are slight differences in the context of infrastructure
as compared to Bukit Bintang.
In the context of infrastructure, we can see that Janda Baik is the less
developed compared to Desa Park City and Bukit Bintang. Janda Baik has a very
scattered and random setting whereas Desa Park City and Bukit Bintang are well
planned and developed. Janda Baik does not have specific places being focused
for development , nevertheless, most of them are left to be in their natural and
original condition.
Urban areas like Bukit Bintang provide large job opportunities to the
people of the country. That is why economy in urban areas is the backbone of
the economy of a country. Since urban areas provide complete, efficient and
sufficient infrastructures, people living in cities lead a more comfortable life with
much more convenience as compared to those living in rural areas. In fact,
residents living in suburban areas often commute to the cities for work.
We can see how the suburban will probably upgrade to an urban area if
the progress of its modernization and urbanization continues. It is reported that
72.2 % total population of urban areas in 2012, which shows that Malaysia is
developing rapidly each year.

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We as good citizens should know about the road safety. Road safety
refers to methods and measures for reducing the risk of a person who using the
road network being killed or seriously injured. The four types of infrastructure that
we have chosen to discuss about play a vital part in ensuring the safety of every
traffic users on road.

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