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Enabling Employee Voice
through Mentoring Relationships
Taylor Rosecrans, MBA
DBA Student
Franklin University
June 26, 2021
…is defined as intentionally expressing “ideas,
information, and opinions about improvements
with relevance to their work and/or work
organization” (Van Dyne et al., 2003).
Employee Voice
Employee Voice: A Problem and An Opportunity
Promotes
Ethical
Environment
Promotes
Organizational
Learning &
Development
Identify
Errors Earlier
Increases
Innovation &
Creativity
Increases
Employee
Engagement
Healthcare:
Improved
Patient
Outcomes
85%
>50%
Employees report remaining
silent about a concern in their
workplace sometime during
their career.
Employees remained silent in
the past six weeks on issue they
had valuable input on.
Self-Efficacy
Internalized
Belief System
Increased
Self-
Efficacy
Increased
Employee
Voice
Self-Perceived
Status
Confidence
in Abilities
Perceived
Likelihood
of Success
Positive Feelings
toward Behaviors
or Actions
Prosocial
Behaviors
Subconscious
Beliefs
Perceptions
Mentoring
Mentoring
Increased
Self Efficacy
Mentoring
Professional
Learning
Leadership
Skills
Psychological
Capital
Employee
Engagement
Research Question
Mentoring
Increased
Self Efficacy
Increased
Employee
Voice
Can participation in a professional mentoring program
increase self-efficacy and, as an extension, employee voice?
Causal/
Independent
Variable
Mediating
Variable
Dependent
Variable
References
Bandura, A., Adams, N. (1977). Analysis of self-efficacy theory of behavioral change. Cognitive Therapy and
Research, 1(4), 287–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0166399
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expertise. Management Communication Quarterly, 33(2), 139–159.
Brandhorst, J. K. (2019). Bringing communication theory into the management classroom: Rejoinder to “Critical Language
and Discourse Awareness in Management Education.” Journal of Management Education, 43(6), 673–679.
De Clercq, D., & Belausteguigoitia, I. (2017). The usefulness of tenacity in spurring problem-focused voice: The moderating
roles of workplace adversity. Journal of Business and Psychology, 32(4), 479-493. doi:10.1007/S10869-016-9455-8
Dedahanov, A. T., Rhee, C., & Gapurjanova, N. (2019). Job autonomy and employee voice: is work-related self-efficacy a
missing link? Management Decision, 57(9), 2401–2413. https://doi-org.links.franklin.edu/10.1108/MD-06-2017-0607
Detert, J. R., & Burris, E. R. (2007). Leadership behavior and employee voice: Is the door really open? Academy of
Management Journal, 50(4), 869-884. doi:10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279183
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of Management Journal, 54(3), 461-488. doi:10.5465/AMJ.2011.61967925
Ding, Z., Li, H.C., Quan, L., Wang, H.Q., (2018). Reluctant to speak? The impact of supervisor narcissism on employee
prohibitive voice. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 46(10), 1713-1726.
Dyne, L. V., Ang, S., & Botero, I. C. (2003). Conceptualizing employee silence and employee voice as multidimensional
constructs. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1359-1392. doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00384
Edmondson, Amy C. The Fearless Organization: Creating Psychological Safety in the Workplace for Learning, Innovation, and
Growth. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2018.
Eisenberg, E.M. (2009). Organizational communication theories. In Foss, K. A., & Littlejohn, S. W. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of
Communication Theory. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Ghosh, R., Shuck, B., Cumberland, D., & D’Mello, J. (2019). Building Psychological Capital and Employee Engagement: Is
Formal Mentoring a Useful Strategic Human Resource Development Intervention? Performance Improvement Quarterly,
32(1), 37.
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Management, 41(7), 1854-1872. doi:10.1177/0149206312471386
Kirrane, M., O'Shea, D., Buckley, F., Grazi, A., & Prout, J. (2017). Investigating the role of discrete emotions in silence versus
speaking up. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 90(3), 354-378. doi:10.1111/joop.12175
Kish-Gephart, J. J., Detert, J. R., Treviño, L. K., & Edmondson, A. C. (2009). Silenced by fear: The nature, sources, and
consequences of fear at work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 29, 163-193.
Knoll, M., Hall, R. J., & Weigelt, O. (2019). A longitudinal study of the relationships between four differentially motivated
forms of employee silence and burnout. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(5), 572-589.
doi:10.1037/OCP0000143
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manager's door (Ph.D.). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1038969363).
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orientation, and perceived organisational politics. Applied Psychology, 68(3), 513-546. doi:10.1111/APPS.12170
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Questions?

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Enabling Employee Voice through Mentoring Relationships

  • 1. Enabling Employee Voice through Mentoring Relationships Taylor Rosecrans, MBA DBA Student Franklin University June 26, 2021
  • 2. …is defined as intentionally expressing “ideas, information, and opinions about improvements with relevance to their work and/or work organization” (Van Dyne et al., 2003). Employee Voice
  • 3. Employee Voice: A Problem and An Opportunity Promotes Ethical Environment Promotes Organizational Learning & Development Identify Errors Earlier Increases Innovation & Creativity Increases Employee Engagement Healthcare: Improved Patient Outcomes 85% >50% Employees report remaining silent about a concern in their workplace sometime during their career. Employees remained silent in the past six weeks on issue they had valuable input on.
  • 4. Self-Efficacy Internalized Belief System Increased Self- Efficacy Increased Employee Voice Self-Perceived Status Confidence in Abilities Perceived Likelihood of Success Positive Feelings toward Behaviors or Actions Prosocial Behaviors Subconscious Beliefs Perceptions
  • 6. Research Question Mentoring Increased Self Efficacy Increased Employee Voice Can participation in a professional mentoring program increase self-efficacy and, as an extension, employee voice? Causal/ Independent Variable Mediating Variable Dependent Variable
  • 7. References Bandura, A., Adams, N. (1977). Analysis of self-efficacy theory of behavioral change. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1(4), 287–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0166399 Bisel, R. S., & Adame, E. A. (2019). Encouraging upward ethical dissent in organizations: The role of deference to embodied expertise. Management Communication Quarterly, 33(2), 139–159. Brandhorst, J. K. (2019). Bringing communication theory into the management classroom: Rejoinder to “Critical Language and Discourse Awareness in Management Education.” Journal of Management Education, 43(6), 673–679. De Clercq, D., & Belausteguigoitia, I. (2017). The usefulness of tenacity in spurring problem-focused voice: The moderating roles of workplace adversity. Journal of Business and Psychology, 32(4), 479-493. doi:10.1007/S10869-016-9455-8 Dedahanov, A. T., Rhee, C., & Gapurjanova, N. (2019). Job autonomy and employee voice: is work-related self-efficacy a missing link? Management Decision, 57(9), 2401–2413. https://doi-org.links.franklin.edu/10.1108/MD-06-2017-0607 Detert, J. R., & Burris, E. R. (2007). Leadership behavior and employee voice: Is the door really open? Academy of Management Journal, 50(4), 869-884. doi:10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279183 Detert, J. R., & Edmondson, A. C. (2011). Implicit voice theories: Taken-for-granted rules of self-censorship at work. Academy of Management Journal, 54(3), 461-488. doi:10.5465/AMJ.2011.61967925 Ding, Z., Li, H.C., Quan, L., Wang, H.Q., (2018). Reluctant to speak? The impact of supervisor narcissism on employee prohibitive voice. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 46(10), 1713-1726. Dyne, L. V., Ang, S., & Botero, I. C. (2003). Conceptualizing employee silence and employee voice as multidimensional constructs. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1359-1392. doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00384 Edmondson, Amy C. The Fearless Organization: Creating Psychological Safety in the Workplace for Learning, Innovation, and Growth. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2018. Eisenberg, E.M. (2009). Organizational communication theories. In Foss, K. A., & Littlejohn, S. W. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Communication Theory. SAGE Publications, Inc. Ghosh, R., Shuck, B., Cumberland, D., & D’Mello, J. (2019). Building Psychological Capital and Employee Engagement: Is Formal Mentoring a Useful Strategic Human Resource Development Intervention? Performance Improvement Quarterly, 32(1), 37. Janssen, O., & Gao, L. (2015). Supervisory responsiveness and employee self-perceived status and voice behavior. Journal of Management, 41(7), 1854-1872. doi:10.1177/0149206312471386 Kirrane, M., O'Shea, D., Buckley, F., Grazi, A., & Prout, J. (2017). Investigating the role of discrete emotions in silence versus speaking up. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 90(3), 354-378. doi:10.1111/joop.12175 Kish-Gephart, J. J., Detert, J. R., Treviño, L. K., & Edmondson, A. C. (2009). Silenced by fear: The nature, sources, and consequences of fear at work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 29, 163-193. Knoll, M., Hall, R. J., & Weigelt, O. (2019). A longitudinal study of the relationships between four differentially motivated forms of employee silence and burnout. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(5), 572-589. doi:10.1037/OCP0000143 Kopald, S. W. (2012). Manager openness to improvement-oriented employee voice: A study searching for keys to unlock the manager's door (Ph.D.). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (1038969363). Lam, L. W., & Xu, A. J. (2019). Power imbalance and employee silence: The role of abusive leadership, power distance orientation, and perceived organisational politics. Applied Psychology, 68(3), 513-546. doi:10.1111/APPS.12170 Li, H., Huang, S., Shu, J., & Liu, C. (2018). Employee work performance mediates empowering leader behavior and employee voice. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 46(12), 1997-2008. doi:10.2224/sbp.7124 Lyons, P., & Bandura, R. (2019). Self-efficacy: core of employee success. Development & Learning in Organizations, 33(3), 9- 12. Milliken, F. J., Morrison, E. W., & Hewlin, P. F. (2003). An exploratory study of employee silence: Issues that employees don’t communicate upward and why. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1453-1476. doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00387 Morrison, E. W., & Milliken, F. J. (2000). Organizational silence: A barrier to change and development in a pluralistic world. Academy of Management Review, 25(4), 706-725. doi:10.5465/AMR.2000.3707697 Morrison, E. W., See, K. E., & Pan, C. (2015). An approach-inhibition model of employee silence: The joint effects of personal sense of power and target openness. Personnel Psychology, 68(3), 547-580. doi:10.1111/peps.12087 Mumby, D. K., & Stohl, C. (1996). Disciplining organizational communication studies. Management Communication Quarterly, 10(1), 50-72. Pinder, C, C. & Harlos, K. P. (2001). Employee silence: Quiescence and acquiescence as responses to perceived injustice. Personnel and Human Resources Management, 20, 331-369. Rozovsky, J. (2015). The five keys to a successful Google team. https://rework.withgoogle.com/blog/five-keys-to-a- successful-google-team/ Sachs, J. and Papay, M. (2020). Cultivating employee voice to enhance organizational performance. MGMA Connection, (April), 84–87. Stark, P. S., Morley, D. D., & Shockley-Zalabak, P. (1987). Communication professionals: If they're not afraid why don't they talk? Communication Research Reports, 4(2), 11-16. Tracy, S.J. (2009). Organizational Culture. In Foss, K. A., & Littlejohn, S. W. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Communication Theory. SAGE Publications, Inc. Van Dyne, L., Ang, S., & Botero, I. C. (2003). Conceptualizing employee silence and employee voice as multidimensional constructs. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1359-1392. doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00384 Yoon, D.-Y., Han, S., Sung, M., & Cho, J. (2018). Informal learning, organizational commitment and self-efficacy. Journal of Workplace Learning, 30(8), 640.