An embedded system is a microprocessor-based system designed to perform a dedicated function within a larger system. It contains a microprocessor, RAM, ROM, I/O devices, and application-specific circuits. Embedded systems are used in automotive electronics, aircraft, trains, telecommunications, medical devices, military technology, smart homes, and more. Key components include a microprocessor or DSP, memory, converters, sensors, and communication interfaces. Response time, cost, power consumption, and reliability are important considerations for embedded systems.

1. WHAT IS EMBEDDED SYSTEM?
An Embedded System is a microprocessor
based system that is embedded as a
subsystem, in a larger system (which may
or may not be a computer system).
I/p O/p

2. CENTRAL PROCESSOR UNIT
RAM ROM
O/P DEVICE
COMMUNICATION
INTERFACE
APPLICATION SPECIFIC CIRCUIT
I/P DEVICE

3. HISTORY
• First embedded system was made in MIT
instrumentation library,usa.
• Many type of gates were used
• For only small applications

4. Application areas
• Automative electronics
• Aircraft electronics
• Trains
• Telecommunications

5. Application areas
• Medical systems
• Military applications
• Authentication

6. Application areas
• Consumer
electronics
• Fabrication equipment
• Smart buildings

7. Essential Components
• Microprocessor / DSP
• Actuators
• Memory (On-chip and Off
chip)

8. • Converters (A-D
and D-A)
• Sensors
• Communication
path with the
interacting
environment

9. Embedded System Structure
(Generic)
Memory
Processor &
ASICs
A-D
Sensor
D-A o/p

10. Essential Considerations
• Response Time
• Area
• Cost
• Low Power (Battery
Life)
• Reliability

11. General Characteristics of Embedded
Systems
• Perform a single task
• Increasingly high performance and real time
constrained
• Power, cost and reliability are important
considerations
• HW-SW systems
– Software is used for more features and
flexibility
– Hardware (processors, ASICs, memory etc.
are used for performance and security

12. Classification of Embedded
Systems
• Stand alone Embedded system
• Real time Embedded system
• Networked information appliances
• Mobile devices

13. Stand alone embedded system
• Performs only one task(specific)
• example-
1.LCD,LED systems,TV remote system etc.

14. Real time systems
• 1.Soft RealTime
• 2.Hard Real Time

15. Networking Information Appliances
• Networking

16. Mobile System
• PDA
• Mobile systems
• Video Games

17. Importance of Embedded Software
and Embedded Processors
Most of the
functionality
of embedded
systems
will be
implemented
in software!
• “ the New York Times
has
• estimated that the
average
• American comes into
contact with about 60
micro-processors every
day....” [Camposano,
1996]
Latest top-level BMWs
contain over 100 micro-
processors
[Personal communication]

18. CONCLUSION
• Now a days the role embedded systems is
formal
• Es makes the tasks simple
• Es is growing as the technology grows

19. THANKS