The document defines the key elements and principles of design. The elements are line, shape, form, color, value, texture, and space. The principles are balance, emphasis/focal point, contrast, movement, variety, pattern/repetition, and unity/harmony. Examples are provided to illustrate each element and principle, showing how artists have incorporated them into their works.

1. Elements and Principles of Design
Elements:
Line
Shape
Form
Color
Value
Texture
Space
Principles:
Balance
Emphasis & Focal Point
Contrast
Movement
Variety
Pattern & Repetition
Unity
Harmony/Gestalt

2. ELEMENTS OF ART

3. Line
A line is defined as a mark with length and direction, created by a point
that moves across a surface. A line can vary in length, width, direction,
curvature, and color.
Contour, Diagonal, Broken, Curved, Outline, Implied, Vertical, zigzag,
Horizontal, Wavy, Slanted, Continuous, Solid, Narrow, Bold
Jasper Johns, 0-9 (continuous line) Gesture drawing

4. line
Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm

5. Andy Goldsworthy
LINE

6. Keith Haring

7. Shape
Shape is an enclosed space defined by other elements
of art. Shape is 2-Dimensional
Shape can be:
Geometric: Angular, man-made concept
Organic: curvilinear - found in nature
Fernana Leger, The City Matisse, from the series “Jazz”

8. Picasso, Three Musicians

9. FORM
3 Dimensional Shape. Volume

10. MC Escher, Self Portrait

11. Tamara de Lempicka
Portrait of Ira P. 1925
Vincent Van Gogh, Shoes

12. Value
An element of art that refers to luminance or luminosity – the
lightness or darkness of a color.
Value is an especially important element in works of art
when color is absent. This is particularly likely with drawings,
printmaking, and photographs
Kathe Kollwitz,
Self portrait

13. Value
Chuck Close
(made w/ thumbprints!)
Edward Weston, Pepper
(photograph)

14. Texture
Texture refers to the surface quality or "feel" of an object, such as
roughness, smoothness, or softness. Actual texture can be felt while
simulated textures are implied by the way the artist renders the surface
area
Oppenheim
Fur-lined cup

15. Texture
Actual and Implied
Golsdworthy
Albrecht Durer
Rhinocerus

16. Color
Is an element of art with three properties
1) Hue, the name of the color, e.g. red, yellow, etc. 2)
Intensity or the purity and strength of the color 3) Value, or
the lightness or darkness of the color
Delauney
Jasper Johns, Target
(primary colors)

17. Primary Colors

18. Piet Mondrian
Wassily Kandinsky

19. Warm Colors
• Colors that are often described as being
higher in temperature
• Reds, oranges, yellows
• Associated with fire and sun
• Optically, appear to advance
• Stimulating and passionate

20. Ex. Warm

21. Cool
• Colors that are often described as being
lower in temperature
• Greens, Blues, and Violet
• Associated with water, sky, and spring
• Optically, they appear to recede
• Calming and depressing

22. Ex. Cool

23. Color and Mood
Picasso, the Old Guitarist
Van Gogh, the Night Cafe

24. Space
Space is the empty or open area between, around, above, below, or
within objects. Shapes and forms are made by the space around and
within them. Space is often called three-dimensional or two- dimensional.
MC Escher

25. Space
Positive space is filled by a shape or form. Negative space
surrounds a shape or form.

26. Space/Depth
May be created by overlapping, change in scale,
perspective placement, color theory, or projection toward the
viewer.
David Hockney
Place Furstenberg, Paris, August 7,8,9, 1985 -#11985

27. PRINCIPLES OF ARTS

28. Contrast
A large difference between two things,
such as light and shadow, color and black/white
Andy Warhol

29. Contrast
David, the Death of Marat

31. Emphasis & Focal Point
Emphasis - Any forcefulness that gives importance to some feature or features of
an artwork; something singled out, stressed, or drawn attention to by means of
contrast, anomaly, or counterpoint
Focal Point = portion of an artwork's composition on which interest or attention
centers
David Hockney

32. Emphasis & Focal Point
Barbara Kruger Rene Magritte

33. Unity
Cezanne
Wayne Theibaud

34. Unity & Harmony
The quality of wholeness or oneness (Gestalt) that is achieved through the
effective use of the elements and principles of design.
Claude Monet
Haystacks

35. Unity
Van Gogh “Starry Night”

36. Balance
Balance is a sense of stability in the body of work.
Balance can be symmetrical (formal) or assymmetrical (informal)
Wayne Thiebaud, Around the Cake (formal balance)

37. Pattern & Repetition
Chuck Close, Self Portrait, detail

38. Movement
Movement adds excitement to your work by showing action and directing the
viewers eye throughout the picture plane.
Edward Munch, the Scream

39. Diane Arbus, Twins
Symmetrical/Formal Balance

40. Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper 1495-1498
Symmetrical Balance

41. Asymmetrical Balance
Edgar Degas (informal balance)

42. Asymmetrical Balance

43. Movement
Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending Staircase
Umberto Boccioni,
Unique forms of continuity in space

44. Pattern & Repetition
Involves multiples of the same element. Repeated elements can vary in size,
color, or axis placement. Repeated elements can create a pattern. The use of
repetition may be applied to all Visual Elements. Motion can be created by
repetition.
William Morris
Arts and Crafts Movement

45. Dominance & Subordination
The part of a composition that is emphasized, has the
greatest visual weight, the most important, powerful, or
has the most influence.

46. Variety
When elements are changed in scale, color, or form.
Andy Warhol
Stuart Davis

47. What Elements and Principles stand out?

48. What Elements and Principles stand out?
Goya, “The 5th of May”

49. Gauguin
What Elements and Principles stand out?

50. What Elements and Principles stand out?