Elements of communication

1. OC11.1 Nature and Elements of Communication
1. Definition
2. The Process of Communication
3. Communication Models
4. Five Elements of Communication
5 Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
6. Effective Communication Skills
7. Intercultural Communication

6. According to John W. Newstrom (n.d),
communication is the transfer of
information from one person to another.
He believes that it is a way of reaching
other by transmitting idea, facts, thoughts,
feelings and values.

7. Elements of Communication

8. Elements of Communication
• There are seven elements of
Communication which includes:
Sender/encoder
Message
Channel
Receiver/decoder
Feedback
Context
Noise

9. Sender/Encoder
The sender also known as the encoder
decides on the message to be sent, the
best/most effective way that it can be sent.
All of this is done bearing the receiver in
mind. It is his/her job to conceptualize.

10. Message
The message is whatever the sender
communicates to the receiver. They are
the ideas and feelings that make up the
content of the process of communication.

11. Channel/Medium
The medium is the form which a message
takes. For example, a message may be
communicated in the form of a letter, in
the form of an email or face to face in the
form of a speech.

12. Receiver/ Decoder
The receiver or the
decoder is responsible for
extracting/decoding
meaning from the message.
The receiver is also
responsible for providing
feedback to the sender. In a
word, it is his/her job to
interpret.

13. Feedback
This is important as it determines whether
or not the decoder grasped the intended
meaning and whether communication was
successful.

14. Communication does not take place in a vacuum.
The context of any communication act is the
environment surrounding it. This includes,
among other things, place, time, event, and
attitudes of sender and receiver.
Context

15. Noise
• This is any factor that inhibits the
conveyance of a message. That is,
anything that gets in the way of the
message being accurately received,
interpreted and responded to.
• Noise may be internal or external.

16. • A student worrying about an incomplete
assignment may not be attentive in class
(internal noise) or the sounds of heavy
rain on a galvanized roof may inhibit the
reading of a storybook to second graders
(external noise).

17. • Communication
• or Not?

23. • 1. communis
• 2. communication
• 3. decoding
• 4. receiver
• 5. noise
• 6. message
• 7. context
• 8. Aristotle
• 9. interactive
• 10. linear
• 11. Wilbur Schramm
• 12. Transactional

24. Linear Model