2. ELECTROTHERAPY
The use of electric currents passed through the body to
stimulate nerves and muscles, chiefly in the treatment of
various forms of diseases.
3. ELECTRIC CURRENT
DEFINITION
The movement or flow of charged particles through
a conductor in response to an applied electric field
Current is noted as “I” and is measured in
Amperes(A)
Charge
• One of the basic properties of matter, which either
has no charge( is electrically neutral), or may be
negatively (-), or positively (+) charged. It is noted
as Q and is measured in Coulombs (C)
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Polarity
The property of having two oppositely charged
conductors, with the positive called the anode, and
the negative called the cathode.
Voltage
The electrical force capable of moving charged
particles through a conductor between two regions or
points. It is also known as the” potential difference”, it
is noted as V and is Measured in volts (V)
5. Frequency
• Number of complete cycles per second in alternating
current direction. The standard unit of frequency is the
hertz, abbreviated Hz.
• If a current completes one cycle per second, then the
frequency is 1 Hz;
• 60 cycles per second equals 60 Hz
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Direct Current (DC)
• A continuous unidirectional flow of charged
particles is known as direct current (DC).
Alternating Current (AC)
• A continuous bidirectional flow of charged
particles is known as alternating current (A C)
DC and AC is used to for iontophoresis and for
stimulating contraction of denervated muscle and
also occasionally to facilitate wound healing
7. Pulsed Current or Pulsatile Current
Electrical current can be delivered
discontinuously in a series of pulses
separated by periods when no current
flows. This is known as pulsed or pulsatile
current.
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8.
9. There are three types of current
1.High Frequency Currents
2.Medium Frequency Currents
3.Low Frequency Currents
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• Low frequency currents are used for stimulation of
muscles and nerves.
• Medium frequency currents are used for re-education of
deeply situated muscles, pain relief and for drainage of
edema.
• High frequency currents are used for the production of
deep heat inside the tissues.
