IECEP AGM 2018: Wireless Mesh Technology by Kristian AnquillanoKristian Anquillano
Engr. Kristian Anquillano conducted this presentation during the Institute of Electronics and Communications Engineers of Philippines Annual General Assembly 2018 at Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
IECEP AGM 2018: Wireless Mesh Technology by Kristian AnquillanoKristian Anquillano
Engr. Kristian Anquillano conducted this presentation during the Institute of Electronics and Communications Engineers of Philippines Annual General Assembly 2018 at Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
WLAN definition
WLAN is the abbreviation of Wireless Local Area Network, which refers to the application of wireless communication technology to interconnect computer equipment to form a network system that can communicate with each other and realize resource sharing.
A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) wireless LAN is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication to form a local area network within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, campus, or office building.
The essential feature of a wireless local area network (WLAN) is that it no longer uses a communication cable to connect the computer to the network, but connects it wirelessly, which makes the construction of the network and the movement of the terminal more flexible.
It is a very convenient data transmission system. It uses radiofrequency (RF) technology and uses electromagnetic waves to replace the old-style twisted-pair copper wire (Coaxial) in the local area network. It communicates in the air and makes a wireless local area network. It can be easily used.
THE FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN EVOLVING WI-FI: TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS AND SERVICESijngnjournal
New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future WiFi networks. However, with an explosion of wireless mobile applications and services, there are still some challenges on the spectrum crisis and high energy consumption. Wireless system designers have been facing the continuously increasing demand for high data rates and spectrum sharing required by new wireless applications and therefore have started research on future WiFi wireless technologies that are expected to be deployed beyond 2020. In this article we propose WiFi key technologies and there prospective: WiFi CERTIFIEDTM ac and Wi Fi CERTIFIED passpointTM . Also represent super WiFi such as WiGig solution, White Fi, HetNets and Cognitive Fi. Future applications and services facing these potential technologies are also
discussed.
Competing technologies have a time-to-market advantage
- Many mobile operators have invested heavily in 3G systems.
Multiple technologies will co-exist as they meet different needs
Mobility may become a powerful differentiating factor when competing with DSL or Cable
Single-band WiFi routers are more basic and appropriate for simpler installations with fewer devices, but dual-band routers have the advantage of improved performance and flexibility, making them suited for homes or businesses with multiple devices and high bandwidth requirements.
WLAN definition
WLAN is the abbreviation of Wireless Local Area Network, which refers to the application of wireless communication technology to interconnect computer equipment to form a network system that can communicate with each other and realize resource sharing.
A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) wireless LAN is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication to form a local area network within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, campus, or office building.
The essential feature of a wireless local area network (WLAN) is that it no longer uses a communication cable to connect the computer to the network, but connects it wirelessly, which makes the construction of the network and the movement of the terminal more flexible.
It is a very convenient data transmission system. It uses radiofrequency (RF) technology and uses electromagnetic waves to replace the old-style twisted-pair copper wire (Coaxial) in the local area network. It communicates in the air and makes a wireless local area network. It can be easily used.
THE FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN EVOLVING WI-FI: TECHNOLOGIES, APPLICATIONS AND SERVICESijngnjournal
New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future WiFi networks. However, with an explosion of wireless mobile applications and services, there are still some challenges on the spectrum crisis and high energy consumption. Wireless system designers have been facing the continuously increasing demand for high data rates and spectrum sharing required by new wireless applications and therefore have started research on future WiFi wireless technologies that are expected to be deployed beyond 2020. In this article we propose WiFi key technologies and there prospective: WiFi CERTIFIEDTM ac and Wi Fi CERTIFIED passpointTM . Also represent super WiFi such as WiGig solution, White Fi, HetNets and Cognitive Fi. Future applications and services facing these potential technologies are also
discussed.
Competing technologies have a time-to-market advantage
- Many mobile operators have invested heavily in 3G systems.
Multiple technologies will co-exist as they meet different needs
Mobility may become a powerful differentiating factor when competing with DSL or Cable
Single-band WiFi routers are more basic and appropriate for simpler installations with fewer devices, but dual-band routers have the advantage of improved performance and flexibility, making them suited for homes or businesses with multiple devices and high bandwidth requirements.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
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2. OUR TEAM
Harisal Bin Anto
DB200050
Izzah Ilyana Binti Mohd
Radzdy
DB200110
Mohd Loqman
Hakim Bin Omar
DB200017
Nicholas AK
Vincent Scott
DB200014
Nur Natasha
Sapiee
DB200042
2
5. PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED
A customer has been lodged a complaint
regarding an issue of the internet connection
which is very poor and sometimes the
connection can be lost. Due to this reason, a
group of specialists has been assigned to
attend the matter and required to come out
with the flexible solution for the customer.
7. FILA TABLE
Facts Ideas Learning Issues Actions
The internet connectivity
problem has been lodged
by one of your company’s
customers
- Being in an area
with limited or no
internet connection
- Router is damaged
or placed far from
your device
- Lack of bandwidth
- Something glitches
and the router or
modem just stop
communicating.
What is the problem can
cause the internet
connectivity problem?
- Move device closer to
the router if there lots
of interface.
- Get a wifi range
extender to boost wifi
signal strength.
- Check whether there
are any connection
issues or service
outages in your area.
- Disconnect any
devices that you aren't
actively using.
11. ● WI-FI stands for “wireless fidelity”
● WI-FI was invented by NCR Corporation/ AT&T in Netherlands in 1991.
● WI-FI has been developed for mobile computing devices such as laptops,
but it is now extensively using for a mobile applications and consumer
electronics.
● WI-FI is one type of wireless technology.
● It is commonly called a wireless LAN (Local area network)
● WI-FI technology allows local area networks to operate without cable and
wiring
INTRODUCTION TO WI-FI
12. WI-FI TECHNOLOGY WORKING PRINCIPLE
● WI-FI is a high-speed internet connection
and network connection without the use of
any cables or wires.
● The wireless network is operating three
essential elements that are radio signal,
antenna, and router
13. WIRELESS ROUTER
● This device is mainly used by the providers of internet service to
connect their internet cable. Sometimes, it is also called a WLAN
device (wireless local area network). A wireless network is also named
a Wi-Fi network
● The main function of this router is to unite the network functions of a
router and a wireless access point. Similar to a network based on
wire, the hub is a middle location where all the computers are
connected to it for providing network access to computers. At
present, the wireless hubs which are available will work like routers
but these are gateways.
14. WI-FI TECHNOLOGIES
Wi-Fi-802.11a Is one of a series of wireless technology. That defines the format and structure of the
radio signals sent out by WI-FI networking routers and antennas
Wi-Fi-802.11b 802.11b is one of a series of wireless technology. 802. 11b support bandwidth 11mbps. The
signal in the unregulated frequency spectrum around 2.4 GHz.
Wi-Fi-802.11g In 2002 and 2003, This Technology supporting newer slandered products. It is the best
technology of 802.11a and 802.11b. The 802.11 b support bandwidth up to 54mbps and it
use a 2.4 GHz frequency for greater range. This cost is more than 802.11b. It is fast
accessing and maximum speed
Wi-Fi-802.11n The 802.11n is the newest WIFI technology. It was designed to improve on 802. 11g.The
amount of bandwidth supported by utilizing multiple wireless signals and antennas
instead of one. It supports 100 Mbps bandwidth and increased signal intensity.
15. ELEMENTS OF WI-FI
WIRELESS ACCESS
POINT
WI-FI CARDS SAFEGUARDS
● The function of the wireless
access point in the network is
similar to the function of an
amplifier within a home stereo.
● These cards allow the wireless
signal as well as the
information of the relay that
can be internal or external. Wi-
Fi cards are also known as
adapter.
● Firewalls as well as protect
networks like antivirus
software’s from uninvited
users and keeps the
information secure
16. ANTENNA WORKING PRINCIPLE
● Like all radio waves at RF, any obstruction between the transmitting and receiving antennas will
attenuate/reflect/diffract the signal, just like the light that the eye senses.
● Wi-Fi utilizes line of sight (LOS) propagation it is imperative that the optimum signal strength is available to the
receiver from the transmitting antenna.
● Since Wi-Fi transmits in free space, it has the same properties as a non-switched ethernet network. Even collisions can
therefore appear as in non-switched ethernet LAN's.
● Channel numbers are standardized by frequency throughout the world, so authorized frequencies can be
identified by channel numbers.
● Wi-Fi networks have limited range depending on the network topology
20. A. DETERMINING FACTORS
The client can improve the internet range with antenna choice and also by choosing line-of sight,
directional antennas.
The amount of gain required will depend on:
i. WLAN environment
ii. Distance between APs and clients
iii. AP output power/receiver sensitivity
21. B. ANTENNA SELECTIONS
i.2.4GHz 2dBi External Antenna Range
The small black stick like antennas that simply screw into
the back of router. Perfect for home/small office‟
installations. One antenna may be required on every
computer, but the signal will not travel outside your
building.
22. B. ANTENNA SELECTIONS
ii.2.4GHz High Gain External Antenna range
Eliminate cables inside office with an efficient wireless card
and a high gain antenna from this range. These higher gain
antennas result in an increased network speed (i.e.,
bandwidth).
23. B. ANTENNA SELECTIONS
iii.GHZ Panel Antenna range
These are small, discreet directional antennas with excellent
gain. Strongly recommended for point to point, or multipoint
systems due to the ease and speed of install in locations
where covertness is desired.
24. B. ANTENNA SELECTIONS
iv.GHZ Yagi Grid
Used to extend range (miles) to a specific point in a system.
Not to recommend these unless the panel antenna‟s range
has failed in a system to a certain location.
25. B. ANTENNA SELECTIONS
v.GHZ Omni (White Fiberglass Pole Type)
Range
“Base” antennas used for Point-to-MultiPoint systems. An
Omni-Directional antenna would serve as main antenna to
distribute the signal to other computers. User can choose
two Omni-Directional antennas for a point-to-point system.
26. B. ANTENNA SELECTIONS
vi.GHZ Parabolic Dish & Dish range
This is for clients who really need to power up the gain!
However, it is need to consider that also must decrease the
radiation pattern when you do this so only use for long point
to point systems.
27. B. ANTENNA SELECTIONS
vi i.2.4ghz Magnetic Mount Antenna
Used for quick convenient installations – mobile installs
mainly.
29. POST-ACTIONS PLAN
● Monthly check-up on the internet
connection (6 months) for free.
● Maintenance service free for 2
years.
● Router Warranty for a year
● Antenna warranty for a year
● Updating the clients on upgrading
promotional from time to time.
30. MONTHLY MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE FOR 6 MONTHS
JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE
HARISAL
NICHOLAS
LOQMAN
NATASHA
IZZAH
32. CONCLUSION
Wi-Fi has become crucial in our lives from personal chores to
security, almost everything we integrated with Wi-Fi. For this reason
it is important for us to know the basic principle of Wi-Fi and how it
works. Because we are living in technology era and it is evolving.
Though it gives us benefits but do not forget that there is also
disadvantage in using Wi-Fi for instance security bridge. If we are
not taking precautions our personal details are at risks and be
accessible to internet theft.