electricity and its components

1. Electricity
Mains
Definitions
Equations
Circuits
Definition Symbol Unit Unit
Symbol
Voltage Push on the electrons V Volts V
Current Rate of flow of electrons
Charge Total number of charged particles
Energy Amount of energy given to a component
Resistance How hard it is for electrons to flow
Power How fast energy is transferred
Mnemonic Equation Units
Exercise Is Very tiring E = I V t J = A V s
Peter is a Veggie
QuIt
Very Important Rabbits
IV Graphs
Resistor Bulb Diode
I
V
Component Function Symbol
Diode Only lets the current through one way
Thermistor Senses _____ (low ______ high _____)
LDR Senses _____ (low ______ high _____)
Series and
Parallel Circuits
Series
Circuit
Parallel
Circuit
Current
Voltage
• Hazards:
Frayed Cables
Damaged Plugs
Water
Don’t play with
sockets
• Wiring a Plug:
Fuse on the live Wire
Green/Yellow: Earth
Brown: ______
Blue: _______
• Safety Features:
Double Insulation: Outer case is _____ so it will
always be safe to touch.
Insulation: _____ outside cable safe to touch
Earthing: outside casing connected to _____
Circuit Breaker: Trips if too big a ____ flows
Fuse: _____ if too big a ____ flows
I
V
I
V

2. Electricity
Mains
Definitions
Equations
Circuits
Mnemonic Equation Units
Exercise Is Very tiring E = I V t J = A V s
Peter is a Veggie P = I V W = A V
QuIt Q = I t C = A s
Very Important Rabbits V = I R V = A Ω
IV Graphs
Resistor Bulb Diode
I
V
Component Function Symbol
Diode Only lets the current through one way
Thermistor Senses Temp (low resistance high temp)
LDR Senses Light (low resistance high light)
Series and
Parallel Circuits
Less Cabling
Series
Circuit
Parallel
Circuit
Current same split
Voltage split same
If one breaks rest still work and/or same voltage
• Hazards:
Frayed Cables
Damaged Plugs
Water
Don’t play with
sockets
• Wiring a Plug:
Fuse on the live Wire
Green/Yellow: Earth
Brown: live
Blue: neutral
• Safety Features:
Double Insulation: Outer case is plastic so it will
always be safe to touch.
Insulation: plastic outside cable safe to touch
Earthing: outside casing connected to earth
Circuit Breaker: Trips if too big a current flows
Fuse: melts if too big a current flows
Definition Symbol Unit Unit
Symbol
Voltage Push on the electrons V Volts V
Current Rate of flow of electrons I ampere A
Charge Total number of charged particles Q coulomb C
Energy Amount of energy given to a component E joule J
Resistance How hard it is for electrons to flow R ohm Ω
Power How fast energy is transferred P watt W
I
V
I
V