1) The document is a PowerPoint presentation about electricity submitted by a 10th grade student. 2) It covers topics like electric current and circuits, electrical potential and potential difference, Ohm's law, and different types of electric circuits including series and parallel circuits. 3) Key concepts explained include the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance defined by Ohm's law (R=V/I), and how total resistance is calculated for resistors in series and parallel.

1. Submitted by- Dheeraj Kumar Meena
Class-10 A
F
A
-
1Project
Topic –Power Point Presentation
On
ELECTRICITY

2. Content
s
•Electric current and circuit
•Electrical Potential And Potential
Difference
•Ohm’s Law
•Types Of Electric Circuit

3. ELECTRICITY IS A FORM OF A ENERGY THAT
CAN BE EASILY CHANGED TO MANY OTHER
FORMS.

4. Electric Current is the flow of electric charge
Denoted by I
I=Q/t
SI unit -> Amperes(A)
A continuous and closed path of an electric current is
known as ‘Electric Circuit’.
Direction of CONVENTIONAL Current is opposite to direction of flow of
ELECTRIC CURRENT AND
CIRCUIT?

5. Electric Potential - Work done in moving a unit charge
from infinity to a point
.∞
A .
Potential Difference – The difference between
potential at two points
.∞
B
.
A.
Potential

7. SYMBOLS

8. OHM’S LAW
1. Ohm’s Law explains the relationship between
voltage (V or E), current (I) and resistance (R)
2. According to Ohm’s law : At constant
temperature, the current flowing through a
conductor is directly proportional to the
potential difference across its end.

9. R =V
I

10. Electric circuits can be classified into two
categories:
ELECTRIC
CIRCUITS
• Parall
el
• Serie
s

11. R
E
S
I
S
T
O
R
S
INS
E
R
I
E
S
•When two (or more) resistors are connected end to
end consecutively, they are said to be connected in
series.
•When a number of resistors connected in series are joined
to the terminal of a battery, then each resistance has a
different potential difference across its ends (which
depends on the value of resistance). But the total potential
difference across all the ends of all the resistors in series
is equal.
•When a number of resistors are connected in series,
then the same current flows through each resistance.

12. EQUIVALENTRESISTANCEINSERIESCONNECTION
ThefigureshowsthreeresistancesR1,R2,R3connectedinseries.Nowsupposepotentialdifference
acrossresistanceR1isV1,R2isV2andR3isV3.LetpotentialdifferenceacrossbatterybeV,then:
V=V1+V2+V3.
ApplyingOhm’slawtothewholecircuit:V=IR. ……
…..(1)
ApplyingOhm’slawtothethreeresistorsseparately, weget:
V1=I xR1.
V2=I xR2.
V3=I xR3.
…………………..(2)
…………………..(3)
…………………..(4)
Substituting(2),(3),(4)in (1)
IR=IR1+IR2+IR3
OR,IR=I (R1+R2+R3)
Or,R=R1
+R2
+R3.
Thereforeweconcludethatthesumtotalresistanceinaseriesresistance
connectionisequaltothesumofalltheresistances.

13. R
E
S
I
S
T
O
R
S
INP
A
R
A
L
L
E
L
•When two (or more) resistors are connected between the
same points, they are said to be connected in parallel.
•When a number of resistances are connected in parallel then
their
combined resistance is less than the smallest individual
resistance.
•When a number of resistance are connected in parallel, then the
potential difference across each resistance is same which is
equal to the voltage of battery applied.
•When a number of resistances connected in parallel are joined
to the two terminals of a battery, then different amounts of
current flow through each resistance (which depend on the
value of resistance). But the current flowing through each
parallel resistance, taken together, is equal to the current flowing
in the circuit as a whole. Thus, when a number of resistance are
connected in parallel, then the sum of current flowing through all
the resistances is equal to the total current flowing in the circuit.

14. EQUIVALENTRESISTANCE INPARALLELCONNECTION
The figure shows three resistances R1,R2,R3 connected in series. Now
suppose currant across resistance R1 is I1 , R2 is I2 and R3 is I3. Let total
current in the circuit be I, then:
I = I1+I2+I3.
Applying Ohm’s law to the whole circuit : I = V/R.………..(1)
Applying Ohm’s law to the three resistors separately, we get:
I1 = V /
R1. I2 =
V / R2. I3
= V /R3.
………………
….. (2)
………………
….. (3)
………………
….. (4)
Substituting (2), (3), (4) in (1)
V/R = V/R1 + V/R2+ V/R3
OR, V/R= I (1/R1 +1/R2 +
1/R3) Or, 1/R =
1/R1+1/R2+1/R3 .
Therefore we conclude that the sum total resistance in a parallel
resistance