This document discusses electricity generation. It begins by introducing electricity generation and its history. It then discusses the various sources of electricity generation including fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas as well as renewable sources like wind, water, and solar. It provides statistics on global electricity generation by source. It also discusses electricity consumption trends, future projections, and the environmental impacts of electricity generation.

1. ENERGY PAST PRESENT
AND FUTURE
ELECTRICITY GENERATION
BY
SHU’AIBU MUSA
20122215
COURSE CODE:-ENR 501
DATE:-14-12-2012

2. CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
MAINBODY
Electricity generation
Types of source
Different fuel source
Annual variation
Cost
Production
Consumption sectors
Percentages
Future projection
Environmental impact
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION
 Electricity generation is the process of
generating electric power from sources of energy
 The fundamental principles of electricity generation
were discovered during the 1820s and early 1830s by the
British scientist Michael Faraday .

4. Types of sources
 Fossil fuels are the oldest and one of the most widely used
sources of electricity. However, renewable energy like wind,
water, sun and biomass to name a few, are also another alternate
sources for producing electricity

5. Different Fuel Source
.
 Fossil fuels include coal, oil and natural gas. Fossil fuels were
formed millions of years ago when dead plants and animal
remains got buried under layers of soil and under pressure and
temperature, got converted into their present form.
largest industrial energy consumer
 The steel industry is the single largest industrial energy consumer,
absorbing about 4% of world’s energy production.

7. Sources of Electricity in France in 2006.PNG

9. Source of Electricity (World total year 2008)
-
Coal
Oil
Natural
Gas
Nuclear
Hydro
other
Total
Average
electric
power
8,263
(TWh/y
ear)
1,111
4,301
2,731
3,288
568
20,261
Average
electric
942.6
power
(GW)
126.7
490.7
311.6
375.1
64.8
2311.4
Proport
ion
5%
21%
13%
16%
3%
100%
41%

10. Annual renewable electricity generation

Electricity generated between 1 October 2010 and 30 September 2011. Source: Clean
Energy Council Renewable Energy Database, ABARE 2011, REC Registry, AEMO, IMO,
IES. Due to rounding totals may not add up to 100%.

13. Seasonality of Demand
 Demand for electricity also varies according to seasons.
Demand from the domestic sector generally peaks during
summer and subsides during monsoon

14. Estimated annual electricity generation
• SOURCE: CLEAN ENERGY COUNCIL RENEWABLE ENERGY
DATABASE, ABARE 2011, REC REGISTRY, AEMO, IMO, IES

15. . Estimated percentages contribution of each technology to renewable
generation
 Hydro electricity
accounted
for
more than two
thirds of the
renewable
energy generated
.


Source: Clean Energy Council Renewable
Energy Database, ABARE 2011, REC
Registry, AEMO, IMO, IES.
Due to rounding figures may not add up to
100%

16. Consumption Pattern/Consumer Profile
 Electricity is consumed by
almost every sector in its
day-to-day functioning but
on the basis of end-use,
consumers of electricity can
be categorized into the
following seven categories:
Industrial
Domestic
Agricultural
Commercial
Public services
Railways
Others

17. Future projection

18. The environmental impact of electricity generation
 Is significant because modern society uses large amounts
of electrical power. This power is
normally generated at power plants that convert some
other kind of energy into electrical power. Each system has
advantages and disadvantages, but many of them pose
environmental concerns.

19. Environmental Impact
 Global
warming
and
ozone
depletion,
 Noise pollution,
 Health Risk

Making
electricity
contributes 40% of world carbon
dioxide emissions.
 The warmest year on record was
1938 and the second was 1999.

20. CONCLUSION
 Electricity is now a necessity for mankind. An hour of power
cut can make our lives go hay-wire. Depending on the source
of production, electricity can be renewable or non-renewable.
Now, thanks to development in science, electricity is mostly
renewable form of energy