Electricity is generated using alternating current (AC) in power plants. AC is generated by rotating a coil within a magnetic field, which induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the coil according to Faraday's law of induction. As the coil rotates, the magnetic flux passing through it changes over time, producing an alternating current whose magnitude and direction change periodically. Power plants use large rotating coils and magnetic fields to generate high voltage AC electricity on a massive scale, which is then transmitted through power lines to homes and businesses.

1. ELECTRICITY
https://wccftech.com/scientists-successful-developing-microbial-fuel-cell-works-external-
source-power/

3. Electricity
Electricity is the flow of charges. Charge is often carried by electrons in a
metal wire, by ions in an electrolyte or by both ions and electrons in an
ionised gas.
ELECTRIC CURRENT

4. History
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity

5. Welcome
“Don’t touch …the results could be shocking”

7. Direct current (DC) vs. Alternating Current (AC)

8. Alternating Current (AC) -220V
An Alternating current or voltage is defined as one whose
magnitude changes with time and whose direction reverses at
regular repeating intervals.
DCAC

9. GENERATION OF AC
“A generator utilizes the relationship between electricity
and magnetism to convert mechanical energy into
electrical energy. When an electric conductor (such as a
loop of wire) and a magnetic field move relative to each
other, a voltage is induced in the conductor.”

10. GENERATION OF AC

11. EMF INDUCED IN A ROTATING COIL IN A MAGNETIC FIELD
Consider a coil of N turns and area A being rotated at a constant
angular velocity ω in a magnetic field of intensity B, its axis being
perpendicular to the field .
Let the normal to the coil make an angle θ with the direction of B.
Then the flux linked with N turns of the coil at any instant t is given by
Flux (ϕ)= BAN cos(ω)t, since θ = ωt.

12. MAGNETIC FLUX
Magnetic Flux is defined as the number of magnetic field lines
passing through a given closed surface. It gives the measurement of
the total magnetic field that passes through a given surface area.
Flux (ϕ)=B.A = BAN cosϴ
Φ is the magnetic flux
B is the magnetic field
A is the area
θ the angle at which the field lines pass through the given surface area

13. EMF INDUCED IN A ROTATING COIL IN A MAGNETIC FIELD
Flux (ϕ)= BAN cos(ω)t, since θ = ωt.
From Faradays Law, the induced EMF for the rotating coil of N turns is
then

14. EMF INDUCED IN A ROTATING COIL IN A MAGNETIC FIELD
is the maximum value of e.m.f

15. Peak Value
Instantaneous Value
Peak value of an AC is the maximum value of current in either direction
-1 0 1