Electrical Testing Services in India - Electrical Testing Services provides a national service for all aspects of electrical testing and tagging, fire safety, and more.
The document provides an introduction to Alstom's Micom protective relays and their Agile software. It discusses the key features of Micom S1 Agile, including its integrated programmable curve tool and redundant Ethernet configuration. It also covers installing data models, creating a new project in S1 Agile, and configuring settings, programmable scheme logic (PSL), and MCL 61850 capabilities. The document is a training compilation on Micom protective relays and their S1 Agile configuration software.
Challenges in Protection Relay Testing for Tomorrow’s Power Grid
Very many challenges related to protection relay testing are met today in the field and in the research industry.
There are often new and more complex applications such as wind turbines, very fast switching power electronics, photovoltaic cells and the battery and electric vehicle technologies. This implies among other things new converter topologies and smart grid considerations. These systems cannot be protected the same way as what was already being done, so this increases the complexity of the algorithms used.
Real-time simulation is a novel approach to design and test protection relay algorithms.
The document provides guidance on creating and implementing protective relay test plans. It discusses reviewing relay application drawings and settings, establishing communication with the relay, connecting the relay set for testing, creating a test plan, performing element and logic testing, and generating a final report. Key steps include verifying CT and PT ratios and connections, labeling test switches, and testing individual elements and the overall logic/operation of the relay.
With alarm function of housing grounding testing and external voltage input, to guaranty personal security
Offer independent Aux. DC to tested devices, 0 ~ 300V/0.6A (Poleless and adjustable)
Testing interface offer unique output monitoring function and Pre-curve-tracing function
Price: AUD $ 47,520.00 ex GST
Bus bars are the nerve center of a power system where various circuits are connected. Differential protection is suitable for bus bars since terminals are near each other, allowing comparison of current entering and leaving via CTs. Any difference signals an internal fault and causes the relay coil to trip circuit breakers on both sides, isolating the bus. CT ratios for bus differential schemes equal the maximum feeder current divided by 1 or 5 amps. External faults may cause maloperation if a CT saturates, but a stabilizing resistance can restrain the relay. Dot convention defines the direction of current flow in CT secondaries. Only class PS CTs should be used to avoid undesired difference currents. Differential protection is important to protect bus bars
Power System Protection -Plant visiting report AB Amit
The document provides details about the author's visit to the 2x120 MW peaking power plant in Siddhirganj, Bangladesh. It includes:
1) An overview of the plant's operations and generation capacity of up to 220 MW using natural gas.
2) Descriptions of the key protection systems used for the generators, transformers, transmission lines, and other equipment to prevent damage from faults and overloads. These include differential, overcurrent, undervoltage relays.
3) Fire safety measures including a compartment with 6000 kg CO2 cylinders connected via pipes to rapidly extinguish any internal fires.
Megger designs and manufactures portable electric test equipment. Megger products help install, improve efficiency, reduce cost and extend the life of electrical assets. The Megger brand is so well known these days that some maintenance professionals incorrectly use it as a verb when they refer to doing an insulation test.
Megger manufactures hand-held test equipment as well as larger insulation testers, oil test equipment and low resistance ohmmeters.
Megger DETEX Voltage Detectors are available in seven models that cover a range from distribution class to transmission line voltages up to 550kV.
Megger cable fault location solutions include : low voltage TDR underground cable fault locators, surge generator fault locators, cable fault pinpointing, high voltage DC test sets and high voltage (11kV-33kV-66kV-132kV) underground cable fault locators.
This document discusses the various types of testing required for protection equipment, including:
- Type tests to prove the relay meets specifications and standards under abnormal power conditions.
- Routine factory production tests to check for defects during manufacturing.
- Commissioning tests to prove correct installation of a protection scheme before use.
- Periodic maintenance tests to identify equipment failures or degradation over time.
Electrical type tests are described in detail, including functional, rating, thermal withstand, burden, input, output, and insulation resistance tests. The purpose is to thoroughly evaluate performance and safety.
The document provides an introduction to Alstom's Micom protective relays and their Agile software. It discusses the key features of Micom S1 Agile, including its integrated programmable curve tool and redundant Ethernet configuration. It also covers installing data models, creating a new project in S1 Agile, and configuring settings, programmable scheme logic (PSL), and MCL 61850 capabilities. The document is a training compilation on Micom protective relays and their S1 Agile configuration software.
Challenges in Protection Relay Testing for Tomorrow’s Power Grid
Very many challenges related to protection relay testing are met today in the field and in the research industry.
There are often new and more complex applications such as wind turbines, very fast switching power electronics, photovoltaic cells and the battery and electric vehicle technologies. This implies among other things new converter topologies and smart grid considerations. These systems cannot be protected the same way as what was already being done, so this increases the complexity of the algorithms used.
Real-time simulation is a novel approach to design and test protection relay algorithms.
The document provides guidance on creating and implementing protective relay test plans. It discusses reviewing relay application drawings and settings, establishing communication with the relay, connecting the relay set for testing, creating a test plan, performing element and logic testing, and generating a final report. Key steps include verifying CT and PT ratios and connections, labeling test switches, and testing individual elements and the overall logic/operation of the relay.
With alarm function of housing grounding testing and external voltage input, to guaranty personal security
Offer independent Aux. DC to tested devices, 0 ~ 300V/0.6A (Poleless and adjustable)
Testing interface offer unique output monitoring function and Pre-curve-tracing function
Price: AUD $ 47,520.00 ex GST
Bus bars are the nerve center of a power system where various circuits are connected. Differential protection is suitable for bus bars since terminals are near each other, allowing comparison of current entering and leaving via CTs. Any difference signals an internal fault and causes the relay coil to trip circuit breakers on both sides, isolating the bus. CT ratios for bus differential schemes equal the maximum feeder current divided by 1 or 5 amps. External faults may cause maloperation if a CT saturates, but a stabilizing resistance can restrain the relay. Dot convention defines the direction of current flow in CT secondaries. Only class PS CTs should be used to avoid undesired difference currents. Differential protection is important to protect bus bars
Power System Protection -Plant visiting report AB Amit
The document provides details about the author's visit to the 2x120 MW peaking power plant in Siddhirganj, Bangladesh. It includes:
1) An overview of the plant's operations and generation capacity of up to 220 MW using natural gas.
2) Descriptions of the key protection systems used for the generators, transformers, transmission lines, and other equipment to prevent damage from faults and overloads. These include differential, overcurrent, undervoltage relays.
3) Fire safety measures including a compartment with 6000 kg CO2 cylinders connected via pipes to rapidly extinguish any internal fires.
Megger designs and manufactures portable electric test equipment. Megger products help install, improve efficiency, reduce cost and extend the life of electrical assets. The Megger brand is so well known these days that some maintenance professionals incorrectly use it as a verb when they refer to doing an insulation test.
Megger manufactures hand-held test equipment as well as larger insulation testers, oil test equipment and low resistance ohmmeters.
Megger DETEX Voltage Detectors are available in seven models that cover a range from distribution class to transmission line voltages up to 550kV.
Megger cable fault location solutions include : low voltage TDR underground cable fault locators, surge generator fault locators, cable fault pinpointing, high voltage DC test sets and high voltage (11kV-33kV-66kV-132kV) underground cable fault locators.
This document discusses the various types of testing required for protection equipment, including:
- Type tests to prove the relay meets specifications and standards under abnormal power conditions.
- Routine factory production tests to check for defects during manufacturing.
- Commissioning tests to prove correct installation of a protection scheme before use.
- Periodic maintenance tests to identify equipment failures or degradation over time.
Electrical type tests are described in detail, including functional, rating, thermal withstand, burden, input, output, and insulation resistance tests. The purpose is to thoroughly evaluate performance and safety.
This document discusses electrical testing of pacemakers and pacemaker complications. It describes the components of a pacemaker including the battery, pacing impedance, pulse generator, and modes and mode switching. It then discusses testing various aspects of the pulse generator including output circuit, sensing circuit, timing circuit, and rate responsive pacing. Finally, it briefly outlines some common pacemaker complications such as pocket complications, lead issues, infections, and device malfunctions.
Protection of transmission lines(encrypted)Rohini Haridas
This document discusses protection methods for transmission lines. It describes:
1. Transmission lines require more protective schemes than other equipment due to their long lengths and exposure, making faults more common.
2. Key methods of transmission line protection include time-graded overcurrent protection, differential protection, current-graded overcurrent protection, and distance protection.
3. Distance protection uses impedance relays that can discriminate between faults along the line and those near the end, providing more selective operation than overcurrent protection alone. It describes implementations using simple impedance, reactance, and mho relays.
Bus Bar protection Schemes,Simple Current differential scheme,Need for bus bar protection,requirement of bus bar protection,recommendations for providing bus bar protection,basics of busbar protection,Types of bus-bar protections,High speed differential protection
Busbar protection uses differential protection to isolate faults on the busbar. It works by comparing the current entering and leaving the busbar using CTs - any difference indicates an internal fault. Proper CT ratios and a stabilizing resistance are needed to restrain operation for external faults. PS class CTs are preferred over other classes due to more consistent accuracy. While busbar protection is important, it is currently not implemented in line at MRSS due to some unspecified reason.
This document discusses various busbar arrangements used in substations including:
- Single busbar system
- Single bus with sectionaliser system
- Double busbar system
- One and half breaker system
It provides diagrams and explanations of how each system works, their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses the different busbar configurations adopted by the Andhra Pradesh Transmission Corporation (APTRANSCO) at various voltage levels.
This document provides details on substation layout and busbar arrangements. Part A discusses substation layout, including a single line diagram and descriptions of common switchyard accessories like lightning arrestors, CVTs, isolators, circuit breakers, transformers, and other equipment. It also covers PLCC and SCADA systems. Part B covers various busbar arrangements like the single bus system, double bus system, one and a half breaker system, and ring main bus system. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration. In summary, the document is a technical report that outlines and compares different substation and busbar designs.
protection of transmission lines[distance relay protection scheme]moiz89
The document discusses various aspects of transmission line protection including classification of transmission lines, types of faults, protection schemes, requirements of distance protection, over current protection, phase comparison protection, and distance protection schemes. It also covers autoreclose philosophy, power swings, fuse failure function, and other protection functions.
This document discusses pilot protection schemes for transmission lines. Pilot schemes use communication channels between line terminals to provide instantaneous clearing of faults over the entire line length. Common pilot schemes described include permissive overreaching transfer trip (POTT), directional comparison blocking (DCB), and directional comparison unblocking (DCUB). Redundant pilot channels and protection principles are recommended to improve the reliability and security of pilot schemes. Desirable relay features include integrated functions for weak infeed conditions as well as sensitive directional overcurrent elements to key the pilot communications.
Reyrolle 7SR54 provides protection, control and monitoring of 2 and 3 winding transformers. All transformer vector groups and earthing connections are supported.
Mastering Motor Protection with SIEMENS Reyrolle 7SR17: Safeguarding Your AssetsSystem Protection
Discover the Power of SIEMENS Reyrolle 7SR17 Rho Motor Protection Relay! 🔌🔒
In this informative video, we delve deep into the world of motor protection with the cutting-edge SIEMENS Reyrolle 7SR17 Rho numeric protection relay. With four current inputs and the option for three voltage inputs, this relay is a game-changer for safeguarding motors and their connections.
Join us as we explore the features, applications, and benefits of the 7SR17 Rho, and learn how it provides a seamless and integrated protection system to ensure the longevity and efficiency of your valuable assets.
Don't miss out on this essential guide to motor protection technology. Hit that like button, subscribe for more insightful content, and empower your engineering knowledge with SIEMENS Reyrolle 7SR17 Rho!"
AC Digital Clamp Meter KEW 2204R Overview | System ProtectionSystem Protection
The AC Digital Clamp Meter KEW 2204R is likely a tool designed for measuring electrical parameters in alternating current (AC) circuits. These meters are commonly used by electricians, technicians, and engineers for various applications.
Digital Multimeter with AC/DC Clamp Sensor KEWMATE 2012RA | System ProtectionSystem Protection
Digital Multimeter with AC/DC Clamp Sensor
KEWMATE 2012RA
• Innovative Multimeters with current measurements up to 120A AC/DC
• Unique Open Jaw technology for AC/DC current measurements
• Very compact and as reliable as a tradictional full size multimeter
A digital multimeter (DMM) is a versatile electronic instrument used to measure various electrical parameters like voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, and frequency. These meters come with a digital display that provides more accurate readings compared to analog meters.
The Kyoritsu KEW 5711 is a non-contact voltage tester used to detect the presence of AC voltage in electrical systems, outlets, cables, circuit breakers, and other live conductors. It is designed to ensure the safety of the user by alerting them to the presence of voltage without the need for physical contact.
Earth Clamp Testing with the KEW 4202 | Ultimate Tool for Earth Clamp TestingSystem Protection
Are you in need of a reliable and efficient tool for earth clamp testing? Look no further than the KEW 4202 Earth Clamp Tester. This powerful device has a wide measurement range of 0.05Ω to 1200Ω, making it suitable for a variety of applications. It also features a large, easy-to-read display and a simple, user-friendly interface, making it easy to get accurate readings quickly and efficiently.
But that's not all. The KEW 4202 also offers a number of advanced features, such as data logging and USB connectivity, which allow you to store and analyze your measurements with ease. It even has a unique "noise check" function that ensures accurate measurements in noisy environments.
Overall, the KEW 4202 is the ultimate tool for earth clamp testing, thanks to its combination of accuracy, convenience, and advanced features. Whether you're an electrician, engineer, or DIY enthusiast, this device is sure to become an essential part of your toolkit.
Kyoritsu Kew 6016 Multi-Function Tester is a premium quality product from Kyoritsu. All Kyoritsu Kew 6016 Multi-Function Tester are manufactured by using quality assured material and advanced techniques, which make them up to the standard in this highly challenging field.
Honeywell Arc Flash Personal Protection Equipment Kits are available in an ATPV rating of 40 Cal /cm2. This kit contains an arc flash coat, bib overalls, hardhat, SKBAG, and safety glasses, Optional Lift Front Hood. Sizes S, M, L, XL, 2XL are available from stock, other sizes and color available by special order. These kits meet NFPA 70E Hazard Risk Category 4.
Case Study – How an Unchecked Capacitor can cause loss of revenueSystem Protection
The document describes how an unchecked capacitor caused loss of revenue for a process industry. An emergency call was received for a tripping 1500 KVAR capacitor bank due to an earth fault. An expert was sent within 24 hours to diagnose the issue. Testing found one capacitor's capacitance was lower than its nameplate value, causing an unbalanced system and earth fault tripping. Replacing this capacitor resolved the 1500 KVAR bank issue, but the plant still had low power factor. Further testing found a healthy 2500 KVAR bank that had been isolated, which when reconnected improved the power factor. The document concludes regular testing of electrical equipment like capacitors can prevent revenue losses from breakdowns.
The document describes Honeywell electrical safety mats. The mats provide protection against electric shock in substations, transformer rooms, and other electrical areas. They use a dual-layer technology with different colors to indicate wear. The mats are flame retardant and resistant to acids, oils, and other chemicals. They are available in different voltage protection classes and are certified according to Indian safety standards.
Salisbury By Honeywell | 51511 Di – Electric Over ShoesSystem Protection
Salisbury’s dielectric boots are 100% waterproof and made from premium grade ozone resistant rubber. The flexible hand-layered construction includes a durable nylon lining for easy on/off. Salisbury Dielectric Footwear conforms with ASTM F1117 and is tested to ASTM F1116 at 20kV.
Salisbury By Honeywell | 4556 Voltage Detector 240V to 230kVSystem Protection
The Salisbury 4556 is a high voltage detection kit for use in applications for voltages from 240V to 230kV. It is intended for use in verifying the live or de-energized status of conductors, bus bars, and other types of exposed electrical equipment.
This document discusses electrical testing of pacemakers and pacemaker complications. It describes the components of a pacemaker including the battery, pacing impedance, pulse generator, and modes and mode switching. It then discusses testing various aspects of the pulse generator including output circuit, sensing circuit, timing circuit, and rate responsive pacing. Finally, it briefly outlines some common pacemaker complications such as pocket complications, lead issues, infections, and device malfunctions.
Protection of transmission lines(encrypted)Rohini Haridas
This document discusses protection methods for transmission lines. It describes:
1. Transmission lines require more protective schemes than other equipment due to their long lengths and exposure, making faults more common.
2. Key methods of transmission line protection include time-graded overcurrent protection, differential protection, current-graded overcurrent protection, and distance protection.
3. Distance protection uses impedance relays that can discriminate between faults along the line and those near the end, providing more selective operation than overcurrent protection alone. It describes implementations using simple impedance, reactance, and mho relays.
Bus Bar protection Schemes,Simple Current differential scheme,Need for bus bar protection,requirement of bus bar protection,recommendations for providing bus bar protection,basics of busbar protection,Types of bus-bar protections,High speed differential protection
Busbar protection uses differential protection to isolate faults on the busbar. It works by comparing the current entering and leaving the busbar using CTs - any difference indicates an internal fault. Proper CT ratios and a stabilizing resistance are needed to restrain operation for external faults. PS class CTs are preferred over other classes due to more consistent accuracy. While busbar protection is important, it is currently not implemented in line at MRSS due to some unspecified reason.
This document discusses various busbar arrangements used in substations including:
- Single busbar system
- Single bus with sectionaliser system
- Double busbar system
- One and half breaker system
It provides diagrams and explanations of how each system works, their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses the different busbar configurations adopted by the Andhra Pradesh Transmission Corporation (APTRANSCO) at various voltage levels.
This document provides details on substation layout and busbar arrangements. Part A discusses substation layout, including a single line diagram and descriptions of common switchyard accessories like lightning arrestors, CVTs, isolators, circuit breakers, transformers, and other equipment. It also covers PLCC and SCADA systems. Part B covers various busbar arrangements like the single bus system, double bus system, one and a half breaker system, and ring main bus system. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration. In summary, the document is a technical report that outlines and compares different substation and busbar designs.
protection of transmission lines[distance relay protection scheme]moiz89
The document discusses various aspects of transmission line protection including classification of transmission lines, types of faults, protection schemes, requirements of distance protection, over current protection, phase comparison protection, and distance protection schemes. It also covers autoreclose philosophy, power swings, fuse failure function, and other protection functions.
This document discusses pilot protection schemes for transmission lines. Pilot schemes use communication channels between line terminals to provide instantaneous clearing of faults over the entire line length. Common pilot schemes described include permissive overreaching transfer trip (POTT), directional comparison blocking (DCB), and directional comparison unblocking (DCUB). Redundant pilot channels and protection principles are recommended to improve the reliability and security of pilot schemes. Desirable relay features include integrated functions for weak infeed conditions as well as sensitive directional overcurrent elements to key the pilot communications.
Reyrolle 7SR54 provides protection, control and monitoring of 2 and 3 winding transformers. All transformer vector groups and earthing connections are supported.
Mastering Motor Protection with SIEMENS Reyrolle 7SR17: Safeguarding Your AssetsSystem Protection
Discover the Power of SIEMENS Reyrolle 7SR17 Rho Motor Protection Relay! 🔌🔒
In this informative video, we delve deep into the world of motor protection with the cutting-edge SIEMENS Reyrolle 7SR17 Rho numeric protection relay. With four current inputs and the option for three voltage inputs, this relay is a game-changer for safeguarding motors and their connections.
Join us as we explore the features, applications, and benefits of the 7SR17 Rho, and learn how it provides a seamless and integrated protection system to ensure the longevity and efficiency of your valuable assets.
Don't miss out on this essential guide to motor protection technology. Hit that like button, subscribe for more insightful content, and empower your engineering knowledge with SIEMENS Reyrolle 7SR17 Rho!"
AC Digital Clamp Meter KEW 2204R Overview | System ProtectionSystem Protection
The AC Digital Clamp Meter KEW 2204R is likely a tool designed for measuring electrical parameters in alternating current (AC) circuits. These meters are commonly used by electricians, technicians, and engineers for various applications.
Digital Multimeter with AC/DC Clamp Sensor KEWMATE 2012RA | System ProtectionSystem Protection
Digital Multimeter with AC/DC Clamp Sensor
KEWMATE 2012RA
• Innovative Multimeters with current measurements up to 120A AC/DC
• Unique Open Jaw technology for AC/DC current measurements
• Very compact and as reliable as a tradictional full size multimeter
A digital multimeter (DMM) is a versatile electronic instrument used to measure various electrical parameters like voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, and frequency. These meters come with a digital display that provides more accurate readings compared to analog meters.
The Kyoritsu KEW 5711 is a non-contact voltage tester used to detect the presence of AC voltage in electrical systems, outlets, cables, circuit breakers, and other live conductors. It is designed to ensure the safety of the user by alerting them to the presence of voltage without the need for physical contact.
Earth Clamp Testing with the KEW 4202 | Ultimate Tool for Earth Clamp TestingSystem Protection
Are you in need of a reliable and efficient tool for earth clamp testing? Look no further than the KEW 4202 Earth Clamp Tester. This powerful device has a wide measurement range of 0.05Ω to 1200Ω, making it suitable for a variety of applications. It also features a large, easy-to-read display and a simple, user-friendly interface, making it easy to get accurate readings quickly and efficiently.
But that's not all. The KEW 4202 also offers a number of advanced features, such as data logging and USB connectivity, which allow you to store and analyze your measurements with ease. It even has a unique "noise check" function that ensures accurate measurements in noisy environments.
Overall, the KEW 4202 is the ultimate tool for earth clamp testing, thanks to its combination of accuracy, convenience, and advanced features. Whether you're an electrician, engineer, or DIY enthusiast, this device is sure to become an essential part of your toolkit.
Kyoritsu Kew 6016 Multi-Function Tester is a premium quality product from Kyoritsu. All Kyoritsu Kew 6016 Multi-Function Tester are manufactured by using quality assured material and advanced techniques, which make them up to the standard in this highly challenging field.
Honeywell Arc Flash Personal Protection Equipment Kits are available in an ATPV rating of 40 Cal /cm2. This kit contains an arc flash coat, bib overalls, hardhat, SKBAG, and safety glasses, Optional Lift Front Hood. Sizes S, M, L, XL, 2XL are available from stock, other sizes and color available by special order. These kits meet NFPA 70E Hazard Risk Category 4.
Case Study – How an Unchecked Capacitor can cause loss of revenueSystem Protection
The document describes how an unchecked capacitor caused loss of revenue for a process industry. An emergency call was received for a tripping 1500 KVAR capacitor bank due to an earth fault. An expert was sent within 24 hours to diagnose the issue. Testing found one capacitor's capacitance was lower than its nameplate value, causing an unbalanced system and earth fault tripping. Replacing this capacitor resolved the 1500 KVAR bank issue, but the plant still had low power factor. Further testing found a healthy 2500 KVAR bank that had been isolated, which when reconnected improved the power factor. The document concludes regular testing of electrical equipment like capacitors can prevent revenue losses from breakdowns.
The document describes Honeywell electrical safety mats. The mats provide protection against electric shock in substations, transformer rooms, and other electrical areas. They use a dual-layer technology with different colors to indicate wear. The mats are flame retardant and resistant to acids, oils, and other chemicals. They are available in different voltage protection classes and are certified according to Indian safety standards.
Salisbury By Honeywell | 51511 Di – Electric Over ShoesSystem Protection
Salisbury’s dielectric boots are 100% waterproof and made from premium grade ozone resistant rubber. The flexible hand-layered construction includes a durable nylon lining for easy on/off. Salisbury Dielectric Footwear conforms with ASTM F1117 and is tested to ASTM F1116 at 20kV.
Salisbury By Honeywell | 4556 Voltage Detector 240V to 230kVSystem Protection
The Salisbury 4556 is a high voltage detection kit for use in applications for voltages from 240V to 230kV. It is intended for use in verifying the live or de-energized status of conductors, bus bars, and other types of exposed electrical equipment.
Case Study - How we saved a Process Plant from break-downSystem Protection
During routine maintenance and testing of switchgears at a cement plant, a CT on a critical TIE feeder was found to have a highly resistive secondary winding. Further inspection revealed that the secondary winding was cracked and barely attached. Advanced CT testing equipment was able to detect this issue, even though the CT had been functioning normally. If undetected, the cracked secondary winding likely would have led to a complete failure that could have caused an outage across the entire plant. Routine diagnostic testing of equipment like CTs and PTs is important for detecting potential issues before they cause operational problems or equipment breakdowns.
Case Study | How we solved an Earth-fault (mal)Tripping that was causing trip...System Protection
An earth fault was tripping a plant's LT PCC incomer feeder whenever the load increased beyond a certain limit. The fault was derived earth protection that relied on phase CTs. Testing found one phase CT had a 50% ratio error and 1574 minute phase angle error, unbalancing currents. Replacing the faulty CT solved the issue and allowed earth protection to be re-enabled. Advanced CT testing equipment found the error that routine testing had missed, highlighting the value of continuous technology upgrades.
Case Study | How your Motor Protection should designed when running in parall...System Protection
The document describes a case study of a process plant where three motors were burnt in 9-10 months due to a faulty protection scheme design. The protection scheme used common current transformers (CTs) and relays for motors and capacitor banks, which caused issues. Specifically, the relay would not properly sense faults on the motors as the current drawn would be lower when capacitors were connected, and it would take engineers longer to identify fault locations. The solution was to implement separate protection for motors and capacitor banks with manipulated motor protection relay settings until the scheme was modified. This would prevent future motor failures and downtime.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptxGauravCar
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
› ...
Artificial intelligence (AI) | Definitio
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.