Final Year EEE Summer Training Project

1. DR. AKHILESH DAS GUPTA INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING

2. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
(10th July 21 to 22th August 21)
On
Electrical And Electronic Equipments used in DMRC
At
Submitted By:
JYOTI
43215604918
EEE

3. Contents
 Electrical Section-:
Overhead Transmission line
Pantograph collector
Transformer
Traction motor
Braking system
Energy storage system
CCTV
Electronics section-:
Signaling
Telecommunication
AFC

4. Overhead Transmission line
• An overhead line or overhead wire is used to transmit
electrical energy to trams, trolleybuses or trains.
It is known variously as:
• Overhead contact system (OCS)
• Overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE)
• Overhead equipment (ORE)
• Overhead wiring (OHW) or overhead lines (OHL)
• Catenary
• Trolley wire

5. PANTOGRAPH COLLECTOR
• A pantograph is an apparatus mounted on the roof of an
electric train, tram or electric bus to collect power through
contact with an overhead line.
It is a common type of current collector. Typically, a single or
double wire is used, with the return current running through
the track.

6. • The pantograph is employed in
railways for collection of current
where the operating speed is high as
100 or 130 Kmph and the currents to
be collected are as large as 2000 or
3000 amperes.
These consist of a jointed frame
usually of steel tubing. The contact
shoe is usually about 1.2 meters'
long.
Pantograph used in yellow line
metro are connected with the
pneumatic system fitted within the
boogie which continuously provide
pressure to raise the pantograph and
make contact with the overhead
catenary. Which carries a high
potential of 25KV, 50Hz.

7. Transformer
 A transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical
energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit, or
multiple circuits.
Types of Transformers -
Step Up Transformer
This type is determined by the number of turns of wire. So, if the
secondary set has a greater number of turns than the primary side, it
means that the voltage will correspond to that, which forms the base of a
step up transformer
Step Down Transformer
This type is typically used for stepping down the level of voltage in the
power transmission and distribution network and so its mechanism is the
exact opposite of a step up transformer

8. Transformer used in Metro
In Delhi Metro, step-down transformer is fitted inside the boogie which
has a shell type construction in which supply coming through the
overhead catenary step-down and converted into three supplies:
1. Supply 1: 415v, 3 phase
2. Supply 2: 230v, 1 phase
3. Supply 3: 110v, DC

9. TRACTION MOTOR
In Delhi Metro,
I. 3-phase induction motor is used.
2. It has 4 poles.
3. Squirrel cage rotor.
4. Air gap should be minimum.
5. Based on principle of rotating magnetic field.
6. Sensor fined inside the stator of the motor to measure the
temperature of stator and rotor.
7. Fan is also used in cooling purposes. Brushes are used to
connect supply to the traction motor.

11. p

12. BREAKING SYSTEM IN DELHI METRO
• In normal breaking actuated by train operator using TBC during
normal train operation.
It's a mixture of regenerative braking and electro pneumatic
friction brake.
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
ELECTRIC BATTERY: -A battery is a device consisting of one or
more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to
power electrical devices flashlights, mobile phones and electric
car

13. MASTER CONTROLLER
• It is the panel installed in D-cart (driver cart) of the metro
train to perform the operations like breaking and speeding.
It consists 2 handles in which handle I is used for speeding
and breaking purpose and handle 2 is used as a mode
selector.

14. CCTV SYSTEM (CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION)
• The main function of CCTV system is to record the event in
the saloon area & platform.
Cameras are directly connected to the DVRs in the DT-car.
It ,other car cameras are connected to remote unit .
All images are streamed to the DVRs where they are stored.
The DVRs are remote units are connected to the TCMS via IP
backbone.
The CCTV system via DVF-I will communicate with the TCMS
via IP backbone .
Live camera image can be viewed on monitor in both cabs.

15. SYSTEM ACTIVATION
When the vehicle is activated, it performs a system start-up and
supply power to the CCTV system
After the system start-up, tile video system start recording
images
SYSTEM DE-ACTIVATION
When there is no power, the CCTV system de-activates

16. SIGNALLING
• A Signal is a medium to convey a pre-determined meaning in non-verbal
form. Various methods are used to convey the meaning of signals in non-
verbal convey a definite information. This concept of conveying a
meaningful message with the help of signals is known as ‘signalling’
In DMRC, signals are used to move, diverge or stop the metro train. Here
mainly light signals are used to communicate with train.
Types of Signals:
There are basic three types of signals used in DMRC:
• Fixed Signal
• Cab Signal
• Hand Signal

17. Fig3: (a) diversion on blue line and (b) diagram of route signal

18. TELECOMMUNICATION IN DMRC
Telecommunication is the exchange of information over
significant distances by electronic means and refers to all types
of voice, data and video transmission. This is a broad term that
includes a wide range of information transmitting technologies
such as telephones (wired and wireless), microwave
communications, fiber optics, satellites, radio and television
broadcasting, the internet and telegraphs.
In DMRC, the basic components of telecommunication system are:
• FOTS (Fiber Optic Transmission System)
• PIDS (Public Information Display System)
• PAS (Public Address System)
• Master Clock
• EPABX (Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange)
• Radio System

19. PUBLIC INFORMATION DISPLAY SYSTEM (PIDS)
MASTER CLOCK

20. TYPES OF MODES OF COMMUNICATION:
There are two modes of communication used in DMRC:
1. Trunk Mode Communication
2. Direct Mode communication
TYPES OF RADIO USED IN DMRC:
There are two types of radio used in DMRC:
• Mobile Vehicle radioFixed
– RAU (Radio Access Unit) or Zetron radio set or Station radio
– Train radio set
– RCW (Radio console workstation)
• Mobile Portable Radio

21. AUTOMATIC FARE COLLECTION
• AFC department of DMRC deals with the fare collection system.
• An Automated Fare Collection (AFC) System is the collection of
components that automate the ticketing system of a public
transportation network – an automated version of manual fare
collection.
• It is based on the contact-less technology.
AFC SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION
• The AFC System is classified in:
• Automatic Gates
• Ticket Vending Machine (TVM)
• Ticket Office Machine (TOM)
• Add Value Machine (AVM)
• Station Computer
• AFC Fare Media

22. AUTOMATIC GATES
•Automatic Gates (AG) is separated with entry gate, exit gate and
reversible (bi- directional) gate.
•The gate is made up of stainless-steel housing.
•By installing AG, a station is separated with paid area and unpaid area.
•It is a collection of 20 motion sensors that is used to determine the
movement of passengers inside the automatic gate.

23. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION:
Fig. – Internal Layout of Automatic Gate

24. TICKET OFFICE MACHINE (TOM)
TOM consists of –
• Ticket Sale
• Ticket Reloading Data Analysis
• Refunding of Balance
• Ticket Cancelling
• Replacement of damaged Cards and Tokens

25. ADD VALUE MACHINE (AVM)
• Add Value Machine (AVM) is installed at the station in
the non-paid area and paid area as well in order that
passenger can add-value to CSC after passenger has paid
top-up amount at website in advance and also passenger
can check the balance and validity of a ticket in English
and Hindi.
• The facility such as website, for passengers to pay top-up
amount in advance is provided by Bank Service Provider.
• This prepaid top-up amount at the website will be add-
valued on CSC by AVM when passengers tags his/her CSC
on AVM at the DMRC stations later.

26. AFC FARE MEDIA

27. CONTACTLESS SMART CARD (CSC)
Operating Environment:
Temperature: 0°C – 40°C
Humidity: 50% or less
Storage Environment:
Temperature: 10°C – 60°C
Humidity: 60% or less
» Can write more than 100,000 times data and can store data
for 7 years.
» Made up of plastic
» Mass: 5 grams

28. CONTACTLESS SMART TOKEN (CST)
Operating Environment:
• Temperature: 10°C – 60°C
• Humidity: 50% or less
Storage Environment:
• Temperature: -20°C – 70°C
• Humidity: 60% or less
Dimensions:
• Diameter: 30 mm
• Thickness: 3 mm
• Weight: 2.7 grams
• Made of Plastic

29. REFERENCE
• https://www.geautomation.com/industries/metro-rail
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication
• http://www.slideshare.net/rudyrishi003/telecommunacation-
indmrc?qid=e11f9b94-5b9d- 47db-97d7-
573d94678951&v=&b=&from_search=1
• http://www.slideshare.net/Rish108/dmrc-telecom-epabx-
system?qid=dcd911c9-8647- 40a1-bbf8-
31d76c3d82d1&v=&b=&from_search=1
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GE_Automation_%26_Controls