This presentation covers Electric Vehicle Service Equipment (EVSE). From the basics, to the market, standards, and trends, this presentation covers it all.
This ppt discuss about the, what are the types of charging stations and construction of charging stations of level-1, level-2, level-3 stations. and this ppt gives information about cost , funds, gain of charging stations market and suppliers.
plug in hybrid electrical vehicals seminar ppt by MD NAWAZMD NAWAZ
A 'gasoline-electric hybrid car' or 'Plug in hybrid electric vehicle' is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used gasoline engine that drives the power from gasoline only. It also is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and gasoline. The combination of both the power makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy and reduce toxic emissions.
In HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Energy dissipated during braking in HEV is used in charging battery. Thus the vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Initially the designing of the vehicle in CAD, simulations of inverter and other models are done. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of the vehicle. This includes assembly of IC Engine and its components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric power drive and designing the controllers. The final stage would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economic ways.
This presentation covers Electric Vehicle Service Equipment (EVSE). From the basics, to the market, standards, and trends, this presentation covers it all.
This ppt discuss about the, what are the types of charging stations and construction of charging stations of level-1, level-2, level-3 stations. and this ppt gives information about cost , funds, gain of charging stations market and suppliers.
plug in hybrid electrical vehicals seminar ppt by MD NAWAZMD NAWAZ
A 'gasoline-electric hybrid car' or 'Plug in hybrid electric vehicle' is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used gasoline engine that drives the power from gasoline only. It also is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and gasoline. The combination of both the power makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy and reduce toxic emissions.
In HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Energy dissipated during braking in HEV is used in charging battery. Thus the vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Initially the designing of the vehicle in CAD, simulations of inverter and other models are done. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of the vehicle. This includes assembly of IC Engine and its components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric power drive and designing the controllers. The final stage would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economic ways.
Heather Flanagan, ABB, presented information on the different types of electric vehicle charging stations that are available for Wisconsin Clean Cities EV Basics & Barriers webinar.
Electric vehicle-new 2018 charging presentation mahesh chandra manav by c&sMahesh Chandra Manav
Presentation on EV Vehcile and Public EV Charging Station , Solar PV Power Project with High Energy Storage Battery Systems ,Electrical Contractor , EPC Companies ,EESL/BHEL/NTPC/CEA/Ministry Of Power ,State Dept Of Road Transport/Municipal Corporation ,Smart City,Power Distribution Companies,IOCL,HPCL,BPCL,Indraprast Gas Ltd Project by Mahesh Chandra Manav GM BD C&S M-9811247237 mahesh.manav@cselectric.co.in
The presentation highlights the following :
a) Current status of Renewable Energy in India
b) The issue of duck curve due to high volume of solar energy
c) Demand increase due to Electric Vehicle (EV) will lead to more demand for Renewable Energy
d) Global & Indian Market Scenario for Electric Vehicle (EV)
e) Recommendation of Niti Aayog for development of Electric Vehicle (EV) market in India
BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (BMS) IN ELECTRIC VEHICLESBhagavathyP
Introduction
Why we need BMS?
General function of BMS
Block diagram of BMS
BMS architecture
Battery pack – Voltage, Current, Temperature and Isolation sensing
HV contactor control
BMS communications interface
Estimation of energy and power and SOC
Methods to find SOC
Cell Balancing
Relationship between SOC and DOD
Today transportation sector has facing many problems with conventional vehicles like petroleum and diesel vehicles which release most of the pollutants like CO2 and nitrogen oxide emissions which ultimately have an effect on human health. so to decrease this problem there is the invention of electrical vehicles but to fixed battery EVS the owner of the vehicle should wait for long hours to charge one vehicle and if the vehicle stops in any remote areas then it is difficult to charge the battery. So to reduce this problem and to increase electrical vehicle using the solution is to use autonomous battery swapping stations and producing mobile van technology for charging the vehicle in remote areas this idea ultimately increases EV adoption in the world which leads to having good human health.
We can reduce pollution by switching over to electric vehicles and to popularize wide usage we have to remove distance anxiety. To remove that this presentation Anywhere Anytime Charging through annual subscription at solar charging stations. Give me a feedback.
Battery Operated Electric Vehicle and Charging Infra with Electrical Safety
Carbon Free and Silent Road Transportation Systems.
(Know your Safety First and Avoid Accident).
These all Vehicle require Charging Starting from Home , Offices and Public Places
Our National Policy on EV is already Documented and Circulate by Central and States with declaration as State EV Policy.
Important Note : Slow Charging/Domestic Charging use of Electrical Plug should not be with Common Line it will be too Dangerous and cause of Accident because Minimum for Charging Vehicle Require 16Amps to 70 Amps while Charging AC .
Any short Circuit reason from Vehicle or any Equipment which we connected in our Home can be Damage wise versa.
Our Vehicle Battery is Mostly Lithium Base Composition ION , Titanium, Cobalt , Graphite all are heavy explosive and Minimum 2KG to 60 KG depend on Vehicles.
Chargers are Available AC Charging Slow , AC Charging Fast DC Charging Slow , DC Charging Fast Power Consumption will be 3KW-300KW with Two Charging Point .
AC Power input can be 220Volts up to 1200Volts and for big Infra Substation 11kV/33KV to be install and Transformer Power Supply 440V to 1200V .
Very Dangerous to Common Man awareness is the only way for Handling such big Charging Infra.
Over much of the 20th century, utilities, regulators and customers each relied upon lab and field meter testing efforts which were primarily focused upon the accuracy of the watt-hour meter and demand register.
This focus is now changing with overwhelming deployment of electronic meters and significant deployment of AMR and AMI meters throughout the installed base in North America.
The focus has now shifted to the metering installation as a whole and not the accuracy of the meter.
As many utilities have elected to deploy advanced metering systems and millions of new solid-state, microprocessor based end-points with communications under glass, a dramatic shift has begun regarding where metering resources are being deployed and what they are doing.This presentation will highlight the new value proposition for metering personnel at their respective utility companies in a post-AMI World.
Examples of issues which have arisen or been identified over the course of various deployments and in the immediate aftermath of an AMI deployment.
Heather Flanagan, ABB, presented information on the different types of electric vehicle charging stations that are available for Wisconsin Clean Cities EV Basics & Barriers webinar.
Electric vehicle-new 2018 charging presentation mahesh chandra manav by c&sMahesh Chandra Manav
Presentation on EV Vehcile and Public EV Charging Station , Solar PV Power Project with High Energy Storage Battery Systems ,Electrical Contractor , EPC Companies ,EESL/BHEL/NTPC/CEA/Ministry Of Power ,State Dept Of Road Transport/Municipal Corporation ,Smart City,Power Distribution Companies,IOCL,HPCL,BPCL,Indraprast Gas Ltd Project by Mahesh Chandra Manav GM BD C&S M-9811247237 mahesh.manav@cselectric.co.in
The presentation highlights the following :
a) Current status of Renewable Energy in India
b) The issue of duck curve due to high volume of solar energy
c) Demand increase due to Electric Vehicle (EV) will lead to more demand for Renewable Energy
d) Global & Indian Market Scenario for Electric Vehicle (EV)
e) Recommendation of Niti Aayog for development of Electric Vehicle (EV) market in India
BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (BMS) IN ELECTRIC VEHICLESBhagavathyP
Introduction
Why we need BMS?
General function of BMS
Block diagram of BMS
BMS architecture
Battery pack – Voltage, Current, Temperature and Isolation sensing
HV contactor control
BMS communications interface
Estimation of energy and power and SOC
Methods to find SOC
Cell Balancing
Relationship between SOC and DOD
Today transportation sector has facing many problems with conventional vehicles like petroleum and diesel vehicles which release most of the pollutants like CO2 and nitrogen oxide emissions which ultimately have an effect on human health. so to decrease this problem there is the invention of electrical vehicles but to fixed battery EVS the owner of the vehicle should wait for long hours to charge one vehicle and if the vehicle stops in any remote areas then it is difficult to charge the battery. So to reduce this problem and to increase electrical vehicle using the solution is to use autonomous battery swapping stations and producing mobile van technology for charging the vehicle in remote areas this idea ultimately increases EV adoption in the world which leads to having good human health.
We can reduce pollution by switching over to electric vehicles and to popularize wide usage we have to remove distance anxiety. To remove that this presentation Anywhere Anytime Charging through annual subscription at solar charging stations. Give me a feedback.
Battery Operated Electric Vehicle and Charging Infra with Electrical Safety
Carbon Free and Silent Road Transportation Systems.
(Know your Safety First and Avoid Accident).
These all Vehicle require Charging Starting from Home , Offices and Public Places
Our National Policy on EV is already Documented and Circulate by Central and States with declaration as State EV Policy.
Important Note : Slow Charging/Domestic Charging use of Electrical Plug should not be with Common Line it will be too Dangerous and cause of Accident because Minimum for Charging Vehicle Require 16Amps to 70 Amps while Charging AC .
Any short Circuit reason from Vehicle or any Equipment which we connected in our Home can be Damage wise versa.
Our Vehicle Battery is Mostly Lithium Base Composition ION , Titanium, Cobalt , Graphite all are heavy explosive and Minimum 2KG to 60 KG depend on Vehicles.
Chargers are Available AC Charging Slow , AC Charging Fast DC Charging Slow , DC Charging Fast Power Consumption will be 3KW-300KW with Two Charging Point .
AC Power input can be 220Volts up to 1200Volts and for big Infra Substation 11kV/33KV to be install and Transformer Power Supply 440V to 1200V .
Very Dangerous to Common Man awareness is the only way for Handling such big Charging Infra.
Over much of the 20th century, utilities, regulators and customers each relied upon lab and field meter testing efforts which were primarily focused upon the accuracy of the watt-hour meter and demand register.
This focus is now changing with overwhelming deployment of electronic meters and significant deployment of AMR and AMI meters throughout the installed base in North America.
The focus has now shifted to the metering installation as a whole and not the accuracy of the meter.
As many utilities have elected to deploy advanced metering systems and millions of new solid-state, microprocessor based end-points with communications under glass, a dramatic shift has begun regarding where metering resources are being deployed and what they are doing.This presentation will highlight the new value proposition for metering personnel at their respective utility companies in a post-AMI World.
Examples of issues which have arisen or been identified over the course of various deployments and in the immediate aftermath of an AMI deployment.
This presentation will discuss how Asset Tracking for Metering has changed dramatically over the past dozen years and what the term “asset tracking” will mean for meter services in the future.
In the past we had Corporate asset management systems that originated on the financial side of the business and we had meter record systems that handled all metering test results. Between the two we would have all of our bases covered.
Highlights of the new value proposition for metering personnel at their respective utility companies in a post-AMI world. Examples of issues which have arisen or been identified over the course of various deployments and in the immediate aftermath of an AMI deployment.
Circa 1870 - Prior to the Watt-Hour Meter
Early Metering nees
Like today – a small metering community
Elihu Thompson
Thomas Edison
Elihu Thomson
George Westinghouse
Oliver B. Shallenberger
Robert C. Lanphier
Thomas Duncan
AC versus DC (battle of the currents)
Meter Manufacturers
The Watt-Hour Meter
How Metering Has Changed
Metering Today
This presentation will give you an understanding of self contained and transformer rated current transformers. You will also discuss meter testing, CT testing, ratio & burden testing
This presentation will give you an understanding of self contained and transformer rated current transformers. You will also discuss meter testing, CT testing, ratio & burden testing
This presentation goes over the different types of EVSEs, their market growth, regulatory environment, and standard approvals and testing. Presented at NC Meter School 2022.
Did you know vehicle manufacturers have announced over 100 electric vehicle models are to be introduced by 2024? This presentation was given at the Southeastern Distribution Apparatus School in Auburn, AL and covers Electric Vehicle Service Equipment (EVSE) and the testing of Electric Vehicle stations. This presentation covers types of EVSEs, market growth, regulatory environment and type approval and testing.
This presentation introduces you to the electric vehicle market. It discusses EVSE (electric vehicle service equipment) basics, market growth, regulations, Handbook 44 Requirements, and real world testing of EVSE. 06/27/2019
This presentation introduces you to the electric vehicle market. It discusses EVSE (electric vehicle service equipment) basics, market growth, regulations, Handbook 44 Requirements, and real world testing of EVSE. 06/25/2019
In this presentation you will learn the types of Electric Vehicle Service Equipment (EVSE), market growth, regulatory environment, and type approval and testing. This presentation was given by Bill Hardy at EEI's Spring Transmission, Distribution, and Mutual Assistance Conference.
This presentation introduces you to the electric vehicle market. It discusses EVSE (electric vehicle service equipment) basics, Handbook 44 Requirements, and real world testing of EVSE.
Now Enough we Require Carbon Free and Silent Road TransportationMahesh Chandra Manav
We all has to think Seriously to use of Electric Vehicle which help our Environment Carbon Free and Silent Road Transportation Systems.
Say No Fuel /Gas Operated Vehicles
Indian Govt is Promoting Buyers and Offering Subsidy for those who are Manufacturing , Buying Electric Vehicles and Establishing Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure.
Power , DHI , MBBL2019 , ARAI , Central and State Govt Introduce EV Policy and Standard Guide Line to be follow .
Now Power Distribution Companies and many other govt PSU's started Installing EV Charging Station in Major Part of City as per Advisory in City Limit 3KM Prefatory and Highway 25KM EV Charging Infra should be install.
We all has to support best cause and good intention Efforts by Govt of India.
Electric Safety is very much important while installing EV Infra .
Higly Profitable Business
This presentation is very useful for EV Vehicle Manufacturer 2W,3W,Cars and Public Transportation(Bus) and Charging Infra Project Handling EPC Companies.
Design of large scale ev charging stationOmarSakib810
Electric vehicles (EVs) are a key technology for reducing oil import reliance and reducing individual transportation's environmental impact. Electric vehicles have several advantages over traditional internal combustion engines, including lower local emissions, higher energy efficiency, and less reliance on oil. Yet there are significant barriers to the rapid adoption of electric cars, including the limitations of battery technology, high purchase costs, and the lack of recharging infrastructure. Electricity infrastructure will be required to satisfy the growing charging demand of PEVs to supply electricity for these vehicles. This paper investigates the possible effects of large-scale EV integration on the power supply system. The possible effects are bus voltage violation, transmission line overloading, reactive power violation etc. The effects of varying the number of EV loads on the power system are analyzed here. During this process, two types (Static analysis and dynamic analysis) of load flow analysis are performed. The tentative number of EV loads is found through the static analysis. In dynamic analysis, motor switching events are analyzed and the size of the EV charging station is finalized by them. This paper emphasizes the effect of the integration of EV loads on the system and also provides some suitable solutions to minimize those effects. The system used here is a prebuilt industrial network of 103 MW. The load flow analysis of this system has been thoroughly analyzed after each step. The results show that it is possible to design an uninterruptible large-scale EV charging station for this particular system with a specific number of EV loads.
How to Start your Large Motors- typical Solutions or new motor design?Delcho Penkov
In the context of low oil prices and an increasing demand for cost reduction of the electrical installations, optimizing the starting solution of high power electrical motors could be highly contributive. Direct on-line start is the most common solution today, being also the simplest and most cost-effective but it may generate voltage dip during start and stresses mechanically the machine and load. Progressive starting solutions, as auto-transformer, soft-starter or variable speed drive, solve the electrical and mechanical constraints in variable levels, related to their complexity. Today, in addition to the progressive starting solutions, motor manufacturers propose to design the motors as to reduce their inrush current, in some cases down to 300% of the rated current.
In this tutorial different solutions for large motor starting will be explored and compared, with respect to their application field, flexibility of adaptation, complexity during installation and set-up, overall performances and technical and economical aspects. Some guidelines for selection will be also discussed. In the scope of analyses are traditional methods, such as direct on-line, auto-transformer, soft-starter and variable speed drive and also recent solutions as motors designed with reduced inrush current.
Servo Motors Adjust, is a company specialized in the repair and adjustment
of Servo Motor and special high revolution motors.
– We repair and revise motors from robots, Baldor servo motor, Baumuller, Bosch, Control
Techniques, Fanuc, Indramat, Lenze, Yaskawa, Tamagawa, Mitsubishi, Siemens, Elmo etc.
– Our highly specialized technical department covers all areas of industry, tools machines,
automotive, robotics, stamping and press, food and glass industry, printing and packaging,
textile, Paper Mills, etc..
– Our 24-hours messenger service allows us to quickly and efficiently receive and deliver
products.
– For special products, we have at customerʼs disposal motors and drives exchange, assigned
to reduce the inactivity period.
– When we receive a motor for itʼs repair, we include all details and test data in our
computerised system in order to have a historical technical data sheet.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
5. • U.S. National Work Group - Electric Vehicle Fueling
and Submetering
▪ Formed two years ago to develop HB44 standards for EVSE
and submetering applications
▪ Phase 1: EVSE Standard – Initial work completed July 2015
• New Standards Approved in July 2015 Effective Jan 1,
2016
▪ HB44 Section 1.10 General Code
♦ Several changes relevant to EVSE
▪ HB44 Section 3.4 – Electric Vehicle Fueling Systems –
Tentative Code
▪ HB44 Section 5.5 – Timing Devices
♦ Several changes relevant to EVSE
REGULATORY BACKGROUND
6. • Additional New Standards in Process
▪ NIST Handbook 130 Examination Procedure for
Retail Electric Vehicle Fueling Systems
♦ This procedure is currently in development
♦ A draft version is available from Juana Williams at NIST
REGULATORY BACKGROUND
7. • Only Some EVSEs are Covered
• A.1. General. – This code applies to
devices, accessories, and systems used for the
measurement of electricity dispensed in
vehicle fuel applications wherein a quantity
determination or statement of measure is
used wholly or partially as a basis for sale or
upon which a charge for service is based.
APPLICABILITY
8. • Use Cases – NOT COVERED
▪ A store provides a free EVSE in its parking lot
▪ A paid parking lot provides EVSEs for which there
is no charge based on the amount of energy
▪ Tesla provides free charging services for owners
▪ An organization charges a monthly fee for
unlimited use of its network of EVSEs.
• Today these account for MOST of the
currently installed “commercial” EVSEs
APPLICABILITY
9. • Use Cases –COVERED
▪ ANY transaction which is based on the amount of
energy delivered
▪ Examples
♦ An network of charge stations charges a monthly fee
to belong AND a fee based on the amount of energy
used
♦ A EVSE charges for the amount of energy delivered
♦ A parking lot charges for parking and EVSEs located in
it also charge for the amount of energy delivered if
used
APPLICABILITY
10. • Process in EARLY stage of development
1. Verify EVSE labeling meets requirements
2. Record all site information
3. Power on test equipment with load connected
4. Start test process on test equipment
5. Connect EVSE to test equipment
6. Determine maximum deliverable current (MDA)
from CP signal
7. Set load to <10% of MDA and perform the light
load test
EPO 30 – FIELD TEST
11. • Process in EARLY stage of development
8. Perform the light load test
(a) This requires doing a charging cycle and at the conclusion of
energy delivery comparing the total energy and price registered
on the EVSE with that measured by the test equipment.
9. Record the test results
(a) Repeat 8 & 9 multiple times for reproducibility test
10. Set load to >85%% of MDA and perform the full load test
(a) This requires doing a charging cycle and at the conclusion of
energy delivery comparing the total energy and price registered
on the EVSE with that measured by the test equipment.
11. Record the test results
(a) Repeat 10 & 11 multiple times for reproducibility test
EPO 30 – FIELD TEST
12. • Process in EARLY stage of development
12. Verify that after the final test that the display on
the EVSE remains visible for at least 15 seconds
13. No Load Test (optional)
(a) Test system must initiate a valid charging sequence
without placing a load on the EVSE. No energy should
be registered.
(b) Not yet defined what “No” means or for how long the
test should be performed
EPO 30 – FIELD TEST
13. • Process in EARLY stage of development
14. Starting Load Test (optional)
(a) Test system must initiate a valid charging sequence with a
load of 0.5 amps.
(b) Energy must be registered, not clear at this point what the
accuracy requirement is, if any if 0.5 amps is less than 10%
of MDA.
15. No Load Test (optional)
(a) Test system must initiate a valid charging sequence without
placing a load on the EVSE. No energy should be
registered.
(b) Not yet defined what “No” means or for how long the test
should be performed
EPO 30 – FIELD TEST
14. • Process in EARLY stage of development
14. Time Test (tbd)
15. RFI/EMI Test (tbd)
16. Zero-Setback Test
a) On equipment activated with a single remote
controller, activate one EVFS and check all others
operated by the same controller to make certain they
will not operate without activating the individual EVFS
starting mechanism.
EPO 30 – FIELD TEST
15. • Process in EARLY stage of development
17. Power Loss Test
a) Power loss results in termination of transaction or
transaction continues without additional authorization
with indication of the event on the receipt
b) EVFS memory or supporting network retains quantity
of time and sales price totals during power loss
EPO 30 – FIELD TEST
16. • SAE J1772 EVSE Classifications
▪ AC Level 1
♦ Primarily for home installation
♦ 120 Volts at up to 16 Amps
♦ Maximum Power Delivery ( 1.92 kW )
♦ Typical time to charge
o Pluggable Hybrid ( 3 – 5 hours, 0% to 100%)
o EV 80 Mile Range (8 – 20 hours, 20% to 100%)
o EV200 Mile Range ( 15 – 40 hours, 20% to 100%)
EVSE TECHNOLOGY
17. • SAE J1772 EVSE Classifications
▪ AC Level 2
♦ Home and Commercial Installation
♦ 240 Volts at up to 80 Amps (30A and 50A most
common)
o Home 30A, Commercial 30A, 50A, 75A
♦ Maximum Power Delivery ( 19.2 kW )
♦ Typical time to charge
o Pluggable Hybrid ( 0.5 – 1.5 hours, 0% to 100%)
o EV 80 Mile Range (1.5 – 4 hours, 20% to 100%)
o EV200 Mile Range ( 3.2 – 10 hours, 20% to 100%)
♦ Most Commercial Chargers are of this type
EVSE TECHNOLOGY
18. • SAE J1772 EVSE Classifications
▪ DC Rapid Charge
♦ Commercial Installation
♦ 200 to 600 Volts at up to 400 Amps (30A and 50A most
common today)
o Commercial 50kW, 100kW
♦ Maximum Power Delivery ( 240 kW theoretical)
♦ Typical time to charge
o EV 80 Mile Range (0.3 – 1.5 hours, 10% to 80%)
o EV200 Mile Range ( 0.3 – 1.5 hours, 10% to 80%)
o Fastest today is Tesla 30 min for 170 miles
EVSE TECHNOLOGY
19. • Other Competing Approaches
▪ Tesla Super Charger
♦ DC Rapid Charger – Tesla Cars Only – Always Free
♦ Delivers up to 120kW
♦ Charges 10% to 80% in 85kWh battery in 40 minutes
▪ CHAdeMO
♦ Primarily in Japan
♦ Used on some Toyota, Mitsubishi, Nissan and Subaru
▪ IEC-62196-2 (EV Plug Alliance)
♦ European
EVSE TECHNOLOGY
20. WHEN IS ALL OF THIS REAL?
WHEN DO I HAVE TO GET
STARTED?
21. • 2015 - 15 Electric Vehicles on USGOV List
▪ ONE HAS 100+ MILE RANGE, most <
▪ ALL have AC Level 1 and 2 Capability
♦ maximum Charging Rate is 7.2 kW
▪ Three Offer DC Rapid Charge
• 2018 – 24 Announced ALL ELECTRIC VEHICLES
▪ All have 120+ mile range
▪ All have DC Rapid Charge (What Standard ?????)
INFRASTRUCTURE IS ESSENTIAL TO MAKE THESE CARS
SELL
ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET
22. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET
Over 300,000 Tesla Model X reserved at $1,000 each in
first three months.
EVERY major auto manufacturer has multiple models
on 2018 introduction plans.
25. • UNIVERSAL DRIVERS
▪ Auto Companies believe there are two major
issues holding back electric vehicles
♦ Range Anxiety
♦ Cost to purchase compared to gas vehicles
▪ Range Anxiety is resolved in several ways
♦ Car has larger battery to extend range
♦ Charging gets below 15 minutes per hundred miles
♦ Wide spread availability of rapid charging stations
THE MARKET
26. • UNIVERSAL DRIVERS
▪ Vehicle purchase cost
♦ Major part of vehicle cost is battery
♦ Battery costs are dropping very rapidly even as the
battery capacity grows
♦ Efforts like the “Giga-Factory” and Chinese efforts
promise to drive the price down further
♦ Example: Nissan Leaf was over $40K now $30k
THE MARKET
27. • Electric Vehicle Adoption
▪ Cheap Gas ??
♦ Gas prices are very low now, but that has not slowed EV
manufacturers plans for new model introductions
♦ Even at these prices EV fuel is 25% the cost of gas
♦ Certain urban areas may force wide scale adoption
♦ The probability that gas stays cheap forever is low
▪ Maintenance Costs
♦ Electric vehicles have almost no maintenance costs
♦ Lifetime ownership costs will be very low
THE MARKET
28. • Electric Vehicle Adoption
▪ EV Economics overtake gas
as lowest total cost to own
and operate
▪ Maintenance Costs
♦ Electric vehicles have almost
no maintenance costs
♦ Lifetime ownership costs will
be very low
THE MARKET
29. • Vehicles Must Charge Quickly for Wide Scale
Adoption
▪ Typical miles per kWHr is 3 to 3.3
♦ That is not likely to change much with technology
improvements
• For a 100 mile range you need
▪ 30 kWHr of charge
THE EVSE MARKET
31. • Fill the Tank Costs
THE EVSE MARKET
10 20 40 80 100 120
0.10 1.00 2.00 4.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
0.15 1.50 3.00 6.00 12.00 15.00 18.00
0.20 2.00 4.00 8.00 16.00 20.00 24.00
0.30 3.00 6.00 12.00 24.00 30.00 36.00
0.40 4.00 8.00 16.00 32.00 40.00 48.00
0.50 5.00 10.00 20.00 40.00 50.00 60.00
Energy (kWHr)
COST TO FILLUP
Price per
kWHr
Charge at Home Commercial Charging Station
32. • US market Size Estimate
THE EVSE MARKET
Installed to Date 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
EVSE's Installed 25,000 10,000 50,000 150,000 250,000 400,000
Total Installed Base 25,000 35,000 85,000 235,000 485,000 885,000
Installs per day per
technician
2
Installer
Working
Days per
Year
200
Inspector
Working
Days per
Year
50
Number of
technicians
required 25 125 375 625 1,000
Inspections per Day
per Inspector
4
Inspectors 175 425 1,175 2,425 4,425
Total market 200 350 1,200 1,850 3,575
Price per Unit 12,500
Market (1000$) 2,500 4,375 15,000 23,125 44,688
37. • Performance Tests
▪ No load test (not required)
▪ Starting Load Test (not required)
♦ Run at 0.5 ampere load
▪ Accuracy Tests (required)
♦ LL – Test at ≤10% of available power (per CP or comm)
♦ FL – Test at ≥85% of available power(per CP or comm)
▪ Repeatability Tests (required)
♦ Minimum of three tests at same load
HB44 REQUIREMENTS
38. • There are a variety of tests related to
performance and safety that someone needs to
perform periodically
• State DWM’s will probably do this since they are
the only people who visit the site periodically
• Tests
▪ Do control pilot and proximity signals conform to the standard
▪ Verification CFGI is functioning
▪ Test emergency shutdown
▪ Test emergency disconnect
NON HB44 TESTING
39. T100 AC Level 1 & 2 to 32 Amps
T200 AC Level 1 & 2 to 75Amps
T400
AC Level 1 & 2 to 75 Amps
DC Level 2 to 75 Amps
Coming Q4 2016
OUR SOLUTIONS
Available Now!
40. EVM200 AC Level 1 & 2 to 32 Amps
EVM200EX 200 AC Level 1 & 2 to 75Amps
EVM400
AC Level 1 & 2 to 75 Amps
DC Level 2 to 75 Amps
Available NOW! Coming Q4 2016
OUR SOLUTIONS
41. • T200 EVSE TESTER
▪ Database driven
♦ Select a site and test
♦ Download all of your
site data from your PC
♦ Locate site by GPS , ID
or any other field
OUR SOLUTIONS
42. • T200 EVSE TESTER
▪ Automated Operation
♦ Create Test sequences
which completely
automate process
♦ Testing is then a
simple one click
process
OUR SOLUTION
43. • T200 EVSE TESTER
▪ Simple Results
♦ Process and Status
During Testing
♦ Easy entry of EVSE
Displayed Results
OUR SOLUTION
44. • T200 EVSE TESTER
▪ Fully Self Contained
♦ No PC or Smart Phone
♦ Rugged Pelican Case
♦ Run from internal
battery, AUX AC or L1-
L2 of EVSE
♦ High Res Color display
♦ Ethernet, USB, Serial
♦ Built in GPS
OUR SOLUTION