Electric equivalent model for induction electrode less fluorescent lamps
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This paper presents an electric equivalent circuit model for induction electrodeless fluorescent lamps that uses passive components to account for the real and reactive power of the lamp. The model considers core losses and the reactive characteristics of the lamp, which were not included in previous models. The methodology obtains and validates the lamp model using a series-parallel resonant half-bridge inverter ballast. Simulations using the proposed model show excellent agreement with experimental results.
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Abstract:
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Form of electricity (voltage level, frequency, or AC/DC) should be suited to its loads in power systems. Because of this, form of electricity should be converted. Of course, sustainable energy resources, highly efficient transportation, and even information technology have been strongly based on the electrical power conversion, too.
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Project repoart
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- A capacitor is a passive device that stores energy in an electric field between two conductive plates separated by a dielectric.
- A battery stores electrical energy electrochemically and can be recharged, while a disposable battery cannot be recharged once discharged.
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This document provides an overview of electricity and electrical circuits. It defines electricity as the flow of electric current and notes that electricity is caused by an imbalance of positive and negative charges. It then explains that an electrical circuit provides a complete path for electricity to flow through devices. Common examples of circuits include household wiring and car batteries. The document discusses the differences between open and closed circuits and how switches are used to open and close circuits to control the flow of electricity.
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The document provides an overview of electricity and circuits for 5th grade science. It defines atoms as made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Electricity occurs when electrons move between atoms. There are two types of electricity - static and current. Current electricity needs a power source like a battery and a complete circuit to flow. Circuit diagrams use symbols for components like cells and wires. There are two main types of circuits - series circuits where a break in one component breaks the whole circuit, and parallel circuits where a break leaves other parts still working. Students are asked to draw and build examples of each.
Electricity Energy
Electricity is the transmission of energy through charged electrons moving from a source, such as a battery. There are two key equations:
1. Electrical energy (E) equals voltage (V) multiplied by charge (Q) or current (I) multiplied by time (t). This shows the relationship between energy transferred, voltage, current, and time.
2. Electrical power (P) equals current (I) multiplied by voltage (V), or voltage squared divided by resistance (R). Power is the rate of energy transfer and these equations show how to calculate it from current, voltage, and resistance.
Circuit components
The document discusses the key components of electrical circuits. It states that all circuits consist of three essential components: 1) a power supply to provide electrical energy, 2) a conducting path to allow electrons to flow, and 3) a load where electrical energy is converted to other forms of energy. It then goes on to describe common examples of these components such as cells/batteries as power supplies, resistors and light bulbs as loads, and wires as conducting paths. The document also discusses circuit controllers like switches and fuses, as well as measuring devices like voltmeters and ammeters.
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Power Electronics as the Key Technology for a Better Future
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Mathematical modeling, simulation and validation of photovoltaic cells
Mathematical modeling, simulation and validation of photovoltaic cells
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATION BASED MULTILEVEL IN...
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A study on modelling and simulation of photovoltaic cells
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Modeling and Simulation of Solar Photovoltaic System
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A simplified phase shift pwm-based feedforward distributed mppt method for gr...
A simplified phase shift pwm-based feedforward distributed mppt method for gr...
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Similar to Electric equivalent model for induction electrode less fluorescent lamps
An interleaved high power flyback inverter for photovoltaic applications
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Design of Shunt Active Power Filter to eliminate harmonics generated by CFL
Abstract: The use of non-linear loads; such as TV sets and computer, microwave ovens, multiple low power diode rectifier, fluorescent lamps and electric drives, draw very distorted currents. These non-linear loads lead to generation of current/voltage harmonics and draw reactive power. This paper presents the three-phase shunt active power filter (SAPF) to compensate harmonics generated by non-linear load (compact fluorescent lamp). The instantaneous active and reactive power theory (called p-q theory) is used to design the control of SAPF. The harmonic distortion and the active filter control scheme have been verified by MATLAB simulation.
The Differences between Single Diode Model and Double Diode Models of a Solar...
This research paper systematically reviewed and investigated single
diode model and double diode model of a solar photovoltaic systems in terms
of accuracy, differences under major unknown PV parameters, different
optimization and fabrication. This research paper reviewed the differences and
the similarities between the single diode model and double diode model. From
the review, it was clear that single diode model has less computation time and
number of unknown parameters compared to double diode model. The double
diode model on its own superiority is more accurate under solar shading
condition effect than single diode model but single diode model performs
better under high insolation levels. None of the two models is superior than
the other but the solar photovoltaic modelers/installers should bear the solar
irradiance of the environment before installation
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This document reviews various topologies used for decoupling fluctuating power in single-phase AC circuits. It discusses how active power decoupling techniques can help mitigate issues caused by power fluctuations, such as distorted power factor correction and reduced maximum power point tracking efficiency in applications like solar inverters. Specifically, it analyzes a symmetrical half-bridge circuit topology that uses minimal passive components to absorb power surges. The document also reviews several past studies on active power decoupling methods, capacitive energy storage approaches, and the benefits of film capacitors over electrolytic capacitors for power decoupling applications.
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proposed model. The proposed model enables the dynamics of PV power
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This document summarizes a paper on renewable energy sources with a flyback converter for DC applications. It discusses using a solar panel and fuel cell as renewable energy sources to provide input power to a three-level phase-shift forward flyback converter. It models the photovoltaic array and fuel cell to simulate their output. It then describes the operating principle and key waveforms of the proposed flyback converter. Simulation results show the output voltage from the solar panel, input voltage to the converter, and speed of a DC motor driven by the converter. The study demonstrates using solar and fuel cell sources with a flyback converter to provide stable power for DC applications like motor drives.
A Novel Technique of Power Extraction from a Conventional Fluorescent Lamp
1) The document describes experiments conducted to extract power from the voltage drop across the choke coil of a fluorescent lamp.
2) Loads of up to 150W were connected across the choke, which caused the tube light output to increase linearly with load. Rectifying the choke voltage also allowed power extraction.
3) Connecting a transformer or battery charger in parallel with the choke allowed extracting power at lower voltages without affecting the tube light operation.
4) A capacitor connected across the choke prevented the tube light from striking, but could be used after starting to extract more power from the choke while improving the power factor.
A Novel Technique of Power Extraction from a Conventional Fluorescent Lamp
Fluorescent lamps are commonly used in our homes as a source of light. The conventional lamps use a choke and a starter arrangement for starting discharge in the tube. Under normal working conditions an appreciable potential drop occurs across the choke. The circuit being inductive the power factor is also low. Now is there any way of utilizing this voltage drop? Experiments were carried out with a view to using this potential drop to provide energy at low wattage without hampering the normal operation of the tube light. Interesting results were obtained. The power factor was also found to improve. In this paper a method of utilizing the voltage drop across the choke of a fluorescent lamp as a source of energy has been elaborated. Parantap Nandi"A Novel Technique of Power Extraction from a Conventional Fluorescent Lamp" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5776.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/5776/a-novel-technique-of-power-extraction-from-a-conventional-fluorescent-lamp/parantap-nandi
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The paper presents the simulation of the Solar Photovoltaic module using Matlab Simulink. This model is based on mathematical equations and is described through an equivalent circuit including a photocurrent source, a diode, a series resistor and a shunt resistor. This paper presents integration of the grid distribution network in Indian scenario with solar power technology to meet the additional electrical energy demand of urban as well as rural sectors which are both rapidly expanding. First of all the data of a real life power plant having 24V, 230W Power PV module has been compared and analyzed with that of matlab program output for identical module and it has been find out that a variation in temperature affects the parameters values as well as the performance of the solar module. After the above analysis the design and Simulink implementation for single phase power grid connected PV system has been done. The system includes the PV array model, the integration of the MPPT with boost dc converter , dc to ac inverter, single phase series load connected to ac grid. It is demonstrated that the model works well at different temperature conditions and predicting the General behavior of single-phase grid- connected PV systems .
Reliability evaluation of MPPT based interleaved boost converter for PV system
The demand for power supply and depletion of the conventional energy sources are increasing drastically. So to overcome this problem, the best alternative power generation for conventional fossil fuel is Photovoltaic solar cell based system because of its advantage of pollution free and its availability in abundance with free of cost. In the MPPT based PV system the converters are the most sensitive part. Therefore to provide uninterrupted power supply without compromising the quality of power, reliability evaluation of interleaved boost converter becomes necessary. MATLAB/Simulink is used for the simulation studies and to determine the power losses of various components of the converter which is used in calculating the failure rates and reliability of the interleaved boost converter. Reliability studies of IBC have not been studied much. However there exists few literature in which reliability expression has been developed using Markov technique which is a more complex method as compare to Reliability Block Diagram (RBD). Therefore this paper proposes reliability modeling and reliability evaluation of Interleaved boost converter in MPPT based photo-voltaic system by using simple RBD method.
Mathematical modeling, simulation and validation of photovoltaic cells
Abstract In this paper, an analysis has been done on the effect of varying physical and environmental factors on the I-V (current voltage characteristics) of a photovoltaic cell using Matlab-Simulink. A standalone model has been created based on the mathematical relations between various parameters in photovoltaic cells made up of a single diode, a series resistance, and a shunt resistance. To validate the developed model, the values from I-V characteristics of this model have been compared with the experimental results. In addition, simulations have been done for I-V characteristics for different temperature and resistance values. The results obtained are analyzed and presented in this paper. Keywords: Solar cell, Modeling, Matlab-simulink
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The document discusses modeling eddy current effects in transformer windings and cores for electromagnetic transient simulations. It describes existing methods and their limitations. New lumped parameter models are presented that accurately represent eddy currents in windings and laminated cores up to high frequencies with low model order. Tests show the models provide appropriate damping effects during transient simulations by capturing the underlying physical phenomena of eddy currents in transformers.
Cgls Presentation Induction & Led Lighting And The Environment 2011
This document discusses how induction and LED lighting can reduce environmental impact in several ways: by saving energy, reducing CO2 emissions from lower energy consumption, reducing materials and mercury consumption compared to other lighting types, and reducing recycling issues. It provides details on energy savings from higher electrical conversion efficiency and secondary reductions from lower thermal loads and ability for on-demand usage.
MATLAB Simulink for single phase PWM inverter in an uninterrupted power supply
Now a day’s Uninterrupted power supply is very necessary for industry, and domestic purpose.
This paper presents the design and implementation of UPS for using personal computer. Here solar
energy is used for charging the battery in sunny days and in absence of solar energy it will automatically
connect to main AC supply. Also MATLAB simulation work is done for PWM single phase inverter and
full bridge rectifier.. Here microcontroller is used for switching between solar plate and main AC supply
to Battery. By using this method we can save our electricity bill which is consumed in charging of battery
THE ADVANCED DESIGNING OF LED DRIVER WITH THE DIFFUSIONAL ACCOMMODATION OF CU...
The High Brightness LEDs for street lighting has ga ined popularity in street lighting owing to energy efficiency and the long life. The amalgamate d feature of brightness and the dimming solutions makes it equally adoptable in outdoor lig htings. The street lighting utilizes the power supply from the lines. The invent of renewabl e energy resources for appliances and illumination systems highlights the usage of solar system for lighting and heating systems. The solar photovoltaic panels are most featured sol utions. The standalone PV systems require the designing knowledge of electrical,thermal and optical properties of LEDs. These parameters allow the development of driver system f or design of the luminaire. Different strategies have been proposed for driver circuits t o provide stable characteristics. The selection of Drivers is dependent on various factor s like,energy efficiency,cost effectiveness,operation and maintenance,losses as sociated with the components and the assembly. The aim is to obtain a stable driver syst em for reliable operation using solar energy. The power supply and the battery management system reflect the efficient operation of the complete system. The approach is to design a nd manage a driver system for highly efficient HB-LEDs for street lighting and commercia l outdoor applications. The multiple stages enhance the efficiency by maintaining the de ciding factors such as power factor,losses and the long life. The 3 stage and expandable conve rter topology uses the maximum power point tracking and empowers the LEDs for required n umber of hours of glowing. An approach has been made to improve the energy conver sion efficiency along with standby power consumption management system during the wint er seasons which is a crucial factor around 92% has been made. The innovative methodolog y provides groundbreaking LED driver systems that help the consumers to gain a co mpetitive edge.
power factor correction using smart relay
This document summarizes active, reactive, and apparent power. It defines these three types of power and provides equations to calculate them for different load types, including resistive, reactive, and resistive/reactive loads. It explains power factor as the ratio of active power to apparent power and discusses causes of low power factor. Typical power factor values are provided for different load types. Improving power factor provides benefits like reduced electricity bills and equipment costs.
Experimental Comparative Study of Feedback Linearized Controller and Proporti...
Experimental Comparative Study of Feedback Linearized Controller and Proporti...International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems
In This paper we present experimental comparative study of feedBack Linearized and Proportional Integral (PI) Controller of the DC bus voltage of three phase shunt Active Power Filter (APF). The FeedBack Linearized and PI controllers are introduced to improve tracking performance characteristics, power quality and minimized consumption of the reactive power. The algorithm used to identify the reference currents is based on the Self Tuning Filter (STF). The firing pulses of the IGBTs inverter are generated using a hysteresis current controller; which is implemented on an analogue card. Finally, the above study, under steady state and transient conditions, is illustrated with signal-flow graphs and corresponding analysis. This study was verified by experimental tests on hardware prototype based on dSPACE-1104. The experimental results show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the designed active filter, associated with Feedback Linearized and PI controllers and are capability in meeting the IEEE 519-1992 recommended harmonic standard limits.Cyclic voltammetry
This is a presentation on Cyclic Voltammetry describing its uses and the method that we have used to do a CV on Pottassium ferricyanide.
Solar Module Modeling, Simulation And Validation Under Matlab / Simulink
Solar modules are systems which convert sunlight into electricity using the physics of semiconductors. Mathematical modeling of these systems uses weather data such as irradiance and temperature as inputs. It provides the current, voltage or power as outputs, which allows plot the characteristic giving the intensity I as a function of voltage V for photovoltaic cells. In this work, we have developed a model for a diode of a Photovoltaic module under the Matlab / Simulink environment. From this model, we have plotted the characteristic curves I-V and P-V of solar cell for different values of temperature and sunlight. The validation has been done by comparing the experimental curve with power from a solar panel HORONYA 20W type with that obtained by the model.
Cu4301560565
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
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An interleaved high power flyback inverter for photovoltaic applications
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Design of Shunt Active Power Filter to eliminate harmonics generated by CFL
Design of Shunt Active Power Filter to eliminate harmonics generated by CFL
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A Novel Technique of Power Extraction from a Conventional Fluorescent Lamp
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A Novel Technique of Power Extraction from a Conventional Fluorescent Lamp
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A Novel Approach on Photovoltaic Technologies for Power Injection in Grid Usi...
Reliability evaluation of MPPT based interleaved boost converter for PV system
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Mathematical modeling, simulation and validation of photovoltaic cells
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Cgls Presentation Induction & Led Lighting And The Environment 2011
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MATLAB Simulink for single phase PWM inverter in an uninterrupted power supply
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THE ADVANCED DESIGNING OF LED DRIVER WITH THE DIFFUSIONAL ACCOMMODATION OF CU...
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Experimental Comparative Study of Feedback Linearized Controller and Proporti...
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Solar Module Modeling, Simulation And Validation Under Matlab / Simulink
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Electric equivalent model for induction electrode less fluorescent lamps
- 1. ELECTRIC EQUIVALENT MODEL FOR INDUCTION ELECTRODELESS FLUORESCENT LAMPS ABSTRACT: This paper presents an electric equivalent model applied to induction electrodeless fluorescent lamps. The model is based on passive components and takes into account the real and reactive lamp power. The presented model and its obtention methodology will be an important tool for ballast designers. One of the most important features of the proposed methodology is the concern regarding core losses and lamp reactive characteristics, because nowadays there are no electric models including these characteristics. In order to obtain and validate the electrodeless lamp model, a series-parallel resonant half-bridge inverter is used as ballast. Plasma and lamp windings are modeled as resistances and reactances depending on the lamp power. Simulations employing the proposed model are also presented, showing an excellent agreement with experimental results.