The document summarizes the outlook for electric drive policies in the United States. It discusses the electric drive transportation association membership and global electric vehicle sales projections. It also outlines current public electric vehicle charging infrastructure and notes partnerships will be important to build out more infrastructure. Several policy drivers that impact the electric vehicle market are described, including taxes, research and development funding, and regulations. The impacts of the new presidential administration, congress, and upcoming tax policy changes are uncertain. Direct federal funding for research is also discussed. Regulatory drivers like vehicle emissions standards and the clean power plan face an uncertain future. Market factors beyond government policy like gas prices will also influence electric vehicle adoption.

1. Electric Drive Policy Outlook
Genevieve Cullen
President, EDTA

2. EDTA
• Vehicle/Component Manufacturers
• Utilities/Power Generation Companies
• Charging/Infrastructure Companies
• Energy/Materials Developers
• Fleet Operators/Industry Stakeholders

3. 2016 Sales

4. Global Adoption
• 2011: 45k worldwide sales
• 2012: 113k worldwide sales

5. LDV Sales Projections

6. Infrastructure
• Levels 1, 2 and DC Fast Charge
• Deployment – 14,899 (38,357 outlets) Public Charging
Facilities -excludes home, private, workplace charging facilities
• Market evolution: public/private and cross-industry partnerships to build out next
wave of infrastructure (MDU; intra and interstate corridors)

7. • Tax
• RD&D
• Regulations
Policy Drivers in the Electric Drive Market
• Policies

8. Election
Administration
• Uncertainty
• Priorities
• Cabinet choices
Congress
Republican Majorities in House & Senate
Priorities
Uncertainties

9. Senate

10. Tax Policy in the 115th Congress
• Current Tax Policy
– Incentives for purchase of Vehicles (plug-in, fuel cell)
– Incentive for purchase of Alt Fuel Infrastructure
(individual and business credit)
Outlook
• Extenders – 30B; 30C
• Reform – 30D, B and C
• Politics and Pay-fors

11. Direct Federal Spending
Research Development & Deployment
• DOE Sustainable Transportation ($668)
– Vehicle Technologies (FY16- $310m)
» Clean Cities
» EV Everywhere
– Fuel Cell technologies (FY16- $101m)
• DoT Clean Fuels Corridors – no $ technology neutral but “alt fuels”
interest of the department may be de-prioritized
• Energy bill – statutory program status for RD&D in S 2102

12. Infrastructure plans
• Infrastructure - $1 trillion proposed
– Tax credits for private investment in infrastructure
– Some federal investment (bonds?)
– no definition of infrastructure from new
Administration
• Outlook
– Enthusiasm across Houses and Admin priority
– Funding vs Financing
– Tied to tax reform or not

13. Regulatory Drivers
• Current and next phase federal fuel economy/emission
standards 2017-2022-2025, beyond
• Federal and state clean air reg & incentives
• Regulating GHG: CAA – endangerment ruling (enables carbon
regulation under Clean Air Act)
• Clean Power Plan for utility emissions
• State regulation of vehicle emissions: CA CAA WAIVER (midterm
review and ZEV mandate beyond 2025)
Others: Quiet Car Rules, RFS, Oversight on Autonomy
regulation, expected emphasis on de-regulating fossil
energy extraction and generation

14. • Other Market Factors
• Gas prices/Oil Markets
• New Cooperative Models with Public &
Private partners
• Infrastructure investment
• New mobility models – autonomy/shared
mobility and electrification
• Smart cities
• State regulatory and incentive environments
• Global Market Drivers
• International commitments
• National regimes
• Impact of revised US stance
Beyond Washington

15. Genevieve Cullen | President
Electric Drive Transportation Association
gcullen@electricdrive.org
www.electricdrive.org