The document discusses Stephen Krashen's Affective Filter Hypothesis, which proposes that affective variables like motivation, self-confidence and anxiety play a role in second language acquisition. Specifically, it states that learners with high motivation, self-confidence and low anxiety are better equipped for success, while those with low self-confidence and high anxiety experience a "mental block." It concludes that language pedagogy should aim to not only provide comprehensible input but also create a low-anxiety environment to encourage language acquisition.