This document discusses the concepts of governance and management. It defines governance as structures and processes that ensure accountability, transparency, and broad participation. Governance sets strategic visions and policies, while management implements decisions and policies. The document reviews the historical development of education policies in Pakistan from 1947 to the present. It discusses several national education policies and outlines indicators to review education policies, including structural, process, and outcome indicators. It also summarizes Quaid-e-Azam's vision for education, emphasizing that Pakistan's future depends on the type of education given to children.

1. Presented by: Syed Sajjad Hussain Shah
PhD Education 2nd Semester

2. What is Governance?
According to UNESCO Governance is
“Structures and processes that are designed to ensure
accountability, transparency, responsiveness, rule of
law, stability, equity and inclusiveness,
empowerment, and broad-based participation.
Governance also represents the norms, values and
rules of the game through which public affairs are
managed in a manner that is transparent,
participatory, inclusive and responsive.

3. Governance Vs Management
Governance Management
Set and norms, strategic vision and
direction and formulate high-level
goals and policies.
Run the organization in line with the
broad goals and direction set by the
governing body.
Oversee management and
organizational performance to ensure
that the organization is working in the
best interests of the public.
Implement the decisions within the
context of the mission and strategic
vision.
Direct and oversee the management to
ensure that the organization is
achieving the desired outcomes
Make operational decisions and
policies, keep the governance bodies
informed.

4. Historical Development
• 1947-2022
• Educational Policies
• Education Sector Plan
• EFA
• MDGs
• SDGs

5. Review of NEP
Policy Review Indicators
• Structural Indicators
• Process Indicators
• Outcome Indicators

6. NEPs of Pakistan
• National Conference: 1947 (Not a Policy)
• Report of the Commission on National
Education: 1959
• The New Education Policy: 1970
• Education Policy 1972-1980
• National Education Policy 1979
• National Education Policy: 1992
• National Education Policy: 1998-2010
• National Education Policy 2009

7. Education Conference 1947
Quaid-e-Azam’s Vision of Education
“…there is no doubt that the future of our State will
and must greatly depend upon the type of
education we give to our children, and the way in
which we bring them up as future citizens of
Pakistan … we should not forget that we have to
compete with the world which is moving very
fast”.