The document discusses the various forces that influence school governance and finance in the United States. It outlines the key stakeholders in education, including political interest groups, businesses, teachers' organizations, and parents/students. It also describes the roles of federal, state, and local governments in establishing policies and providing funding for K-12 education. Specifically, it discusses how schools are governed at the state level by boards of education and departments of education, and at the local level by school districts, local boards, superintendents, and principals. The document also examines the sources of funding for public schools, including support from federal, state, and local governments as well as private organizations.

1. THE POLITICS OFAMERICAN EDUCATIONMegin HoltJon Rashid, Dan Young, Pat Murphy

2. What Forces Influence School Governance and Finance?Governance: The process of making financial and other decisions What do you think public schools shoulduse more funds on, and why? Sex education? Violence in schools? Teen drug use?Making schools more energy efficient

3. What Forces Influence School Governance and Finance?Stakeholders in Education: Stakeholders are people and agencies with a particular interest in schoolsPolitical Interest Groups

4. Business and Industry

5. Professional Organizations and Teachers

6. Parents, Students, and Community GroupsThe three branches of government influence the governance and finance of education ExecutiveLegislativeJudicialRoles of the Federal Government in EducationThe U.S. ConstitutionFederal LegislationInfluence of the Executive branchHow is Education Governed?LegislativeJudicialExecutive

7. Board of EducationStrengthens state leadership and policy makingPromote excellence in education to all studentsAdvocates equality of access to educational opportunity Ensures continued citizen support for public educationState Standards BoardsResponsible for the governance and regulation of professional practiceDepartment of EducationImplements policies that effect education in each stateState Government

8. Intermediate Educational UnitsDesigned to provide services that individual districts that might not be able to afford it on their ownPromotes inter-district collaborationCouncil of Chief State School OfficersComprised of state commissioners and superintendents Provides a forum for interstate discussion and information exchange on educational advances and issuesIntermediate Education Agencies

9. Local Educational AgenciesSchool districtsLocal Boards of EducationGroup of people elected by people to make decisions for the school district Must stay within State DOE standardsSuperintendentWorks closely with BOEServes as the face of the school districtLocal Government

10. School AccountabilityEveryone from the boards of education, superintendents, principals, teachers to students is held accountable.No Child Left BehindSchools and districts must meet state standards by 2014

11. Schools and districts issue school accountability report cards available to parents and the communityTeacher AccountabilityTeachers are accountable for student learning