The document outlines the plans for an upcoming board examination in orthopedics and traumatology at Udayana University and Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital. It provides schedules for a faculty meeting, the examination itself, and lists examiners and rooms. There will be 40 candidates taking multiple choice, OSCE, and oral exams over two days on elective orthopedics, trauma, and various specialties. Exam organizers are finalizing details on the number of examiners, rooms needed, and full schedule before the examination is to take place in mid-December.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
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Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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2. Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
CANDIDATES (40 people)
No Candidate Name
1
2
3
4
3. Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
CANDIDATES (40 people)
No Candidate Name
37
38
39
40
4. PRE EXAMINATION
DATE TIME
TYPE OF
EXAMINATION
PLACE ROOMS
December 14th
2022
09.00 –
09.50
WITA
MCQ 10 Questions
(10Mins)
Gedung Skill Lab FK
UNUD Lantai 2 dan 3
OSCE Examination Rooms
Stations
Elective Orthopaedic
(1 case @ 30 mins)
VIVA (5 cases @10 mins)
64 rooms (2nd floor and 3rd
floor)
December
15th 2022
09.00-
10.00
WITA
Trauma Orthopaedic (2
case @ 30 mins)
Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
5. *all schedules are on WITA
Rundown Faculty Meeting 16 Desember 2022
Waktu Durasi
(menit)
Kegiatan Keterangan
08.00 – 08.30 30 Persiapan oleh panitia Persiapan ruangan
08.30 – 09.00 30 Registrasi Registrasi peserta Faculty Meeting
09.00-10.00 60 Faculty Meeting Meeting Rooms
10.00-11.00 60 Faculty Breakfast Dinner Venue
Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
Waktu Durasi
(menit)
Kegiatan Keterangan
17.00-17.30 30 Persiapan oleh panitia Persiapan ruangan
17.30-18.00 30 Registrasi Registrasi peserta Faculty Meeting
18.00-19.00 60 Faculty Meeting Meeting Rooms
19.00-20.00 60 Faculty Dinner Dinner Venue
6. *all schedules are on WITA
Rundown Ujian Board Examination
Waktu Durasi
(menit)
Kegiatan Keterangan
07.30 – 08.00 30 Persiapan oleh panitia Persiapan ruangan, perlengkapan, pasien, dll
08.00 – 08.15 15 Registrasi Registrasi peserta ujian
08.15 – 08.45 30 Pengarahan peserta ujian Oleh KPS
08.45 – 09.00 15 Penguji bersiap di ruang ujian Skill Lab FK UNUD Lantai 2 dan 3
09.00 – 09.30 30 Ujian Elektif Real Patient
09.30 – 09.40 10 Istirahat + Persiapan Ujian Trauma Panitia menyiapkan setting ujian trauma soal 1 dan 2
09.40 – 10.10 30 Ujian Trauma Soal 1 dan 2 Skill Lab FK UNUD Lantai 2 dan 3
10.10 – 10.40 30 Ujian Trauma Soal 3 dan 4
10.40 – 11.00 20 Coffee break + Persiapan Ujian VIVA Panitia menyiapkan setting ujian VIVA
11.00 – 12.00 60 Ujian VIVA Pediatric
Adult Recon & sport injury
Hand & Upper
Oncology
Spine
12.00 – 12.45 45 Lunch Break Makan siang
12.45 – 13.00 15 Rapat Penguji Ruang Penguji
13.00 – 13.30 30 Yudisium + Penutupan Ruang Kelas
Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
7. ORAL (ELECTIVE / TRAUMATOLOGY ORTHOPAEDIC) EXAMINER:
ROOMS EXAMINER OBSERVER
Room 1
Room 2
Room 3
Room 4
Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
Exam Flow Regulator:
8. ORAL (ELECTIVE / TRAUMATOLOGY ORTHOPAEDIC) EXAMINER:
ROOMS EXAMINER OBSERVER
Room 37
Room 38
Room 39
Room 40
Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
Exam Flow Regulator:
9. EXAM FLOW SCHEME
Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
10. Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
11. Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
12. Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
13. Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
14. Institution Board Examination of
Orthopaedi and Traumatology
Udayana University – Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital
KENDALA
Masih menunggu informasi pasti mengenai:
1. Total Peserta Ujian (40?)
2. Total Penguji Ujian (70?)
3. Total Room Ujian (20?)
4. Rundown dari Kolegium
