Edgar Dale introduced the Cone of Experience in 1946 to show the progression of learning experiences from concrete to abstract. The model includes different bands of experience ranging from direct experiences like tutoring children to more abstract representations like verbal symbols. Dale's research led to the concept of experiential learning, where learning is most effective when it engages multiple senses through hands-on activities. The cone illustrates that learners understand concepts best when they can experience them directly before moving to more abstract forms of instruction.

2. What is Dale’s Cone of
experience?

3.  The cone of experience was primarily introduced by
Edgar Dale in 1946.
 This model include several theories which related to
instructional design and learning processes.
 The Cone of Experience shows the progression of the
learning experiences from concrete to abstract level.
 His research led to the development of the Cone of
Experience

4. Today, this “learning by doing” has become known as “experiential
learning” or “action learning”.
The cone of experience is showed and explained in the next slide.

5. Cone of experience

6. Bands of Experience in Dale’s
Cone of experience

7. DIRECT PURPOSEFUL EXPERIENCES
• Have a direct contribution/ participation.
• First hand experience.
• Use of all senses.
Ex: tutoring younger children,
Preparing a meal

8. CONTRIVED EXPERIENCES
 Models and mock-ups.
 “ Editing of reality”
 stimulate to real- life situition.
Ex. Use pilot stimulator.
solar system model.
Globe

9. Dramatized Experiences
 Reconstructed experience.
 Acting out the role of characters in drama.
 Divided in two categories:
• Acting- actual participation.
• Observing – watching a dramatization take place.

10. Demonstrations
 Visualized explanation of an important fact , idea or process by
the use of photographs , drawings , films , displays , or guided
motions.
 It is showing how things are done.
Study trips
 These are the excursion and visits conducted to observed an
events that is unavailable within the classroom.

11. Exhibits
 these are display to be seen by
spectators.
 For your eyes only.
 Photograph with models , charts ,
and posters.

12. Television and motion pictures
 Can reconstruct the reality of the past so effectively that we are there.
Visual symbol
 These are no longer realistic reproduction of physical things for these are
highly abstract representation. Example are charts , graph, maps and
diagrams
Verbal symbols
 they are not like the objects or ideas for which they stand.

13. Harvard psychologist , Jerome S. Bruner presents a
three-tiered
model of learning.
First THROUGH A SEQUENCE OF ACTIONS ENACTIVE
Second
THROUGH A SERIES OF
ILLUSTRATIONS ICONIC
Third
THROUGH A
SERIES OF
SYMBOL
SYMBOLIC

14. THE THREE PITFALLS TO
BE AVOIDED
 Using one medium of instruction.
 Moving to the abstract without an adequate foundation of concrete
experiences.
 Getting stuck in the concrete without moving to the abstract
hampering the development of our student’s higher thinking skills.

15. THANK
YOU !!!
Prepared by:
Imelda Carmela Mesa
Diosdado Rupero Jr.
Ronalyn Sarco