1. Financial inclusion aims to extend access to affordable financial services like credit, savings, insurance and remittances to disadvantaged and low-income groups as a way to promote poverty reduction, empowerment, and inclusive growth.
2. The 11th Five Year Plan envisioned inclusive growth as a key objective to address issues like unemployment, poverty, and lack of access to basic services, by making growth more broad-based and reducing societal fragmentation through investments in rural development, education, health, and infrastructure.
3. Achieving inclusive growth requires addressing both supply-side factors like expanding access through banks and financing first-time entrepreneurs, as well as demand-side factors by increasing incomes and supporting savings, investment
The Nexus between Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth: Evidence from ...RSIS International
Panel Vector Auto Regression is used to examine the
impact of financial decentralization on economic growth in
seventeen sub-national governments (SNGs) in India taking data
from 2000-01 to 2014-15. We find the positive impact of
decentralization on the economic growth of SNGs with feedback
effect.
Current Public Finance Scenario & Fiscal FederalismDr. Heera Lal IAS
- The document discusses India's federal public finance system and recent reforms.
- It notes that states' revenue raising capacity is less than their expenditure responsibilities, resulting in an increasing gap that is filled by central government transfers.
- Key reforms discussed include the 14th Finance Commission increasing states' share of taxes, rationalizing centrally sponsored schemes, replacing the Planning Commission with NITI Aayog, and moving to an output and outcome-based expenditure framework.
- Additional pressures on states' finances are expected from debt assumption programs like UDAY as well as pay increases and farm loan waivers.
Capital formation is the process of building up the capital stock of a country through investing in productive plants and equipment.
Capital formation, in other words, involves the increasing of capital assets by efficient utilization of the available and human resources of the country.
Challenges of Infra Finance in India_FinalAmit Kapur
This document discusses the challenges of financing infrastructure projects in India. It notes that India's infrastructure investment targets for the 11th and 12th Five Year Plans have not been met due to structural and economic constraints. Private investment in infrastructure has slowed significantly. To attract more private funding and meet development needs, structural reforms are needed across sectors like power. While reforms have improved generation capacity and deficits, financial issues persist due to factors like uneconomic tariffs, fuel shortages, and accumulated sector losses of over $350 billion. Addressing the concerns of stressed investors in a timely manner through balanced policymaking is imperative to make infrastructure financially viable and sustainable.
Public finance refers to the revenue and spending of governments to achieve national objectives through a cycle of formulating fiscal policy, generating revenue from taxes and other sources, and expending funds through the national budget. The national budget allocation for 2011 in the Philippines totaled 1.645 trillion pesos, with the largest portions going to education, public works, and national defense. Government efforts to improve revenue include tax reforms and tighter spending controls under the 2011 budget.
Macroeconomic correlates in the FY2015 budget were inconsistent while key fiscal targets did not reflect reality in designing of the framework.
The basis of achieving 7.3 percent GDP growth remains a suspect without substantial private sector investment which has shown a continuous declining trend, underscored the CPD analysis of the National Budget for FY2015.
The analyses flagged that fiscal measures in the budget are largely in order and tuned to budgetary objectives but not adequate to attain expected GDP growth.
1. Financial inclusion aims to extend access to affordable financial services like credit, savings, insurance and remittances to disadvantaged and low-income groups as a way to promote poverty reduction, empowerment, and inclusive growth.
2. The 11th Five Year Plan envisioned inclusive growth as a key objective to address issues like unemployment, poverty, and lack of access to basic services, by making growth more broad-based and reducing societal fragmentation through investments in rural development, education, health, and infrastructure.
3. Achieving inclusive growth requires addressing both supply-side factors like expanding access through banks and financing first-time entrepreneurs, as well as demand-side factors by increasing incomes and supporting savings, investment
The Nexus between Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth: Evidence from ...RSIS International
Panel Vector Auto Regression is used to examine the
impact of financial decentralization on economic growth in
seventeen sub-national governments (SNGs) in India taking data
from 2000-01 to 2014-15. We find the positive impact of
decentralization on the economic growth of SNGs with feedback
effect.
Current Public Finance Scenario & Fiscal FederalismDr. Heera Lal IAS
- The document discusses India's federal public finance system and recent reforms.
- It notes that states' revenue raising capacity is less than their expenditure responsibilities, resulting in an increasing gap that is filled by central government transfers.
- Key reforms discussed include the 14th Finance Commission increasing states' share of taxes, rationalizing centrally sponsored schemes, replacing the Planning Commission with NITI Aayog, and moving to an output and outcome-based expenditure framework.
- Additional pressures on states' finances are expected from debt assumption programs like UDAY as well as pay increases and farm loan waivers.
Capital formation is the process of building up the capital stock of a country through investing in productive plants and equipment.
Capital formation, in other words, involves the increasing of capital assets by efficient utilization of the available and human resources of the country.
Challenges of Infra Finance in India_FinalAmit Kapur
This document discusses the challenges of financing infrastructure projects in India. It notes that India's infrastructure investment targets for the 11th and 12th Five Year Plans have not been met due to structural and economic constraints. Private investment in infrastructure has slowed significantly. To attract more private funding and meet development needs, structural reforms are needed across sectors like power. While reforms have improved generation capacity and deficits, financial issues persist due to factors like uneconomic tariffs, fuel shortages, and accumulated sector losses of over $350 billion. Addressing the concerns of stressed investors in a timely manner through balanced policymaking is imperative to make infrastructure financially viable and sustainable.
Public finance refers to the revenue and spending of governments to achieve national objectives through a cycle of formulating fiscal policy, generating revenue from taxes and other sources, and expending funds through the national budget. The national budget allocation for 2011 in the Philippines totaled 1.645 trillion pesos, with the largest portions going to education, public works, and national defense. Government efforts to improve revenue include tax reforms and tighter spending controls under the 2011 budget.
Macroeconomic correlates in the FY2015 budget were inconsistent while key fiscal targets did not reflect reality in designing of the framework.
The basis of achieving 7.3 percent GDP growth remains a suspect without substantial private sector investment which has shown a continuous declining trend, underscored the CPD analysis of the National Budget for FY2015.
The analyses flagged that fiscal measures in the budget are largely in order and tuned to budgetary objectives but not adequate to attain expected GDP growth.
Public finance deals with the revenue and expenditure of the government sector. It aims to maximize social welfare through public expenditure. Private finance deals with the income and expenditure of private individuals and firms. It aims to generate profit.
While their motives differ, public and private finance also share some similarities. Both involve income and expenditure that must be balanced. Both can rely on borrowing when expenditures exceed income. And rational decision making aims to maximize benefits in both.
Public debt in India has increased over 7 times from 1990-1991 to 2005-2006. It includes money borrowed by the government through internal loans within India and external loans from international organizations. There are several types of public debt like short-term, long-term, productive and unproductive debts. While public debt allows the government to fund development projects, it also burdens citizens with increased taxes and can adversely affect growth. Proper management of public debt is needed in India through reducing expenditures, encouraging foreign investment, and monitoring public spending.
This document provides an overview of public budgets. It begins by defining what a budget is, including that it is a formal estimate of required resources for a given time period. It then discusses different definitions of budgets provided by various scholars. The document outlines the key components of a budget as public expenditures and public revenues. It also discusses different types of budgets, including operating and development budgets. The document further examines classifications of public expenditures by categories, sectors, general objects, and programs/activities. Finally, it introduces the concept of the canon of public expenditures as rules or principles that governments must follow when incurring expenditures.
459 policy initatives for improved financial services nationalJai Jp
The document outlines policy initiatives taken by the Ethiopian government since the early 1990s to improve financial services and access to rural areas. Key policies include maintaining macroeconomic stability, developing the legal and regulatory framework, expanding telecommunications infrastructure, and programs to provide loans for agricultural inputs to mitigate market failures. Moving forward, challenges include stabilizing inflation, modernizing payment systems, developing missing laws and regulations, and further expanding telecommunications.
The document summarizes information about India's service sector. It discusses how the service sector contributes over 50% to India's GDP and is the key driver of economic growth. It provides examples of major service industries like finance, tourism, and IT. The service sector employs a large skilled workforce and has attracted significant foreign investment. However, it faces challenges like high infrastructure costs and global competition. The government is taking initiatives to develop the sector further.
The document discusses India's fiscal deficit, revenue deficit, effective revenue deficit, and primary deficit. It outlines the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act of 2003 and its amendments in 2012, which set targets to reduce the fiscal deficit and revenue deficit. It also discusses issues related to India's public debt management, high fiscal and current account deficits, and the economic survey's recommendation to establish a Public Debt Management Authority to improve debt management and reduce financial repression.
A study on Budget deficit AND Its impact on the economy of BangladeshMd Showeb
Government budget deficit is the difference between government revenues and expenditures. Government has different sources of revenues. Major portion of government revenues comes from direct and indirect taxes. Direct taxes come from income and profits of individuals and institutions and indirect taxes come from import duty, supplementary duty and value added tax. It can be put in different way. Direct taxes are the part of economic revenues and incomes of individuals and institutions and indirect taxes are the part of economic transactions in the form of buy, sale, export and import transactions. If government wants accelerate its revenues to meet the growing public expenditures and to reduce the budget deficit without reducing the expenditures of different influential sectors, much efforts should be made to increase economic revenues and income as well as the economic transactions so that the government revenues can meet the growing demand of the economy with the increase in revenues from income tax, import duty, supplementary duty and value added tax. In this regard the concentration of the report is on the management of deficit budget to minimize bad effects and maximize the utilization of funds. Having budget deficit is not a problem at all. The problems lie with the government inefficiency in the management of budget deficit. The evaluation of different reasons behind deficit budget and the evaluation of different bad effects of deficit budget are two crucial parts of our discussion. The impact of budget deficit on the different sectors of the economy is addressed here with relevant information. It is further concentration point of the report to find ways to improve the management performance of the government to achieve different macroeconomic goals with the help of expansion of economic revenues and transactions. The government revenues increase with the increase in economic revenues and economic transactions. The key point of our discussion is government should not decrease the public expenditures as the population is growing. The expenditures on different public sectors have to be increased as the population is growing. But budget deficit should not grow to meet the expenditures as budget deficit has some associated problems with it. For this reason government has to concentrate on accelerating the revenue collection rapidly with the expansion of economic revenues and economic transactions. For this reason government should try to integrate different policies to achieve key macroeconomic goals.
India faces significant infrastructure bottlenecks that are hindering its economic competitiveness and growth. These bottlenecks include inadequate road and transport infrastructure between ports, rail hubs, and industrial areas. This leads to higher business costs and negatively impacts India's exports. While the government has recognized the need for infrastructure development and established committees to accelerate projects, many initiatives have faced delays and failures due to issues like lack of private investment, land acquisition problems, and bureaucratic red tape. Addressing infrastructure bottlenecks remains a key challenge in allowing India to achieve its economic growth potential.
This document summarizes the trajectory of India's fiscal policy over several decades. It discusses how fiscal policy evolved from a conservative approach focused on controlling deficits during early post-independence planning, to economic liberalization in 1991 that reformed the tax system. While deficits were brought under control, public debt increased in the 1980s. After the 2008 global financial crisis, India responded with countercyclical fiscal measures, and its economy is now witnessing a return to fiscal consolidation and prudence. Looking ahead, further tax reforms and better targeted social spending will be priorities.
Local Government Financial Capability and Potential Issuance of Municipal BondsSeptian Wildan Mujaddid
Changes in categorisation in local government fiscal capability measures, namely Very Strong, Strong, Medium, Low, and Very Low due to reassessment from the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance, Ministry of Finance
The document discusses the key components of government budgets, including:
- Revenue receipts, which do not create liabilities or reduce assets, such as tax revenues. Tax revenues include direct taxes like income tax and indirect taxes like VAT. Non-tax revenues include fees, licenses, fines, and other sources.
- Capital receipts, which do create liabilities or reduce assets. These include borrowings, which create liabilities, and the sale of shares in public enterprises, which reduces assets.
- Expenditure, which is divided into revenue expenditure on ongoing activities and capital expenditure on infrastructure and other long-term investments.
The budget aims to allocate resources, reduce inequalities, promote stability and
The analysis of the budget for Education sector in BangladeshRabiul Alam Hamon
The document analyzes Bangladesh's education sector budget. It finds that while Bangladesh has made progress toward education goals like universal primary education, challenges remain like low quality and absenteeism. The education budget as a percentage of GDP and the total budget is declining and projected to decline further. It recommends significantly increasing the budget allocation for education to improve teaching quality, fund non-formal education, invest in technical and vocational education, and emphasize efficient resource utilization.
This document discusses national income analysis using the investment function within an Islamic economic system. It covers several key topics:
1. It outlines the four main sectors of economic activity in a country: household, corporate, government, and foreign.
2. It discusses the investment function and how it is determined by household savings and corporate investment spending.
3. It examines the government's role in fulfilling public needs through certain expenditures as determined by Sharia law, and in maintaining monetary stability.
4. Household consumption factors like transportation, housing, and basic goods are analyzed in the context of government policies around subsidies, public transit, and controlling prices.
5. The role of the private sector and individual
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is responsible for managing India's public debt, especially debt denominated in the domestic currency. The management of the central government's debt is conducted by RBI under statutory provisions that oblige the central government to delegate its debt management to the RBI.
The document discusses expectations for the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) from both Japanese companies and ASEAN regional businesses. Japanese companies expect simplification of customs procedures and elimination of import tariffs in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam. Regional businesses note that while ASEAN frameworks support integration, implementation lags ambitions due to capacity differences between members. True integration requires binding commitments rather than optional agreements. Ownership of the integration process must increase along with financial support from developed members. Expectations for AEC 2015 need adjusting as full integration may not be achievable given the ASEAN approach.
What led to the downfall of the Toyota brand-name worldwide? Univ of AIZU
The document discusses factors that led to the downfall of the Toyota brand worldwide. It notes that Toyota saw negative earnings for the first time in 58 years in 2009 due to the effects of the economic bubble bursting in 1992 and the financial crisis in 2008. Two major recalls in 2010 related to sticking accelerator pedals that resulted in 16 deaths and 243 injuries also damaged Toyota's brand. Since 2000, the number of fatalities associated with Toyota vehicles had risen more than 50%. These recalls and increased fatalities led to declining US sales and hurt Toyota's brand worldwide.
The document summarizes why companies should consider Lithuania for business. It highlights Lithuania's strategic location providing access to large markets in the EU, CIS and Baltic regions. It also outlines Lithuania's talented multilingual workforce, strong ICT infrastructure, modern logistics network, competitive costs and business friendly climate. The document promotes several of Lithuania's leading industries and provides contact information for the Lithuanian Trade Office which can offer information, assistance and market analysis to companies interested in the country.
This document provides an overview of opportunities in Japan for foreign businesses. It notes that Japan has the world's second largest economy and is an ideal test market for new products due to sophisticated consumers. While Japan faces challenges like an aging population and strong currency, the government is working to attract entrepreneurs and there are opportunities in sectors like healthcare, environment, and tourism. The document outlines JETRO's services to help foreign companies establish operations in Japan, including assistance with market research, office space, and business matching programs.
Public finance deals with the revenue and expenditure of the government sector. It aims to maximize social welfare through public expenditure. Private finance deals with the income and expenditure of private individuals and firms. It aims to generate profit.
While their motives differ, public and private finance also share some similarities. Both involve income and expenditure that must be balanced. Both can rely on borrowing when expenditures exceed income. And rational decision making aims to maximize benefits in both.
Public debt in India has increased over 7 times from 1990-1991 to 2005-2006. It includes money borrowed by the government through internal loans within India and external loans from international organizations. There are several types of public debt like short-term, long-term, productive and unproductive debts. While public debt allows the government to fund development projects, it also burdens citizens with increased taxes and can adversely affect growth. Proper management of public debt is needed in India through reducing expenditures, encouraging foreign investment, and monitoring public spending.
This document provides an overview of public budgets. It begins by defining what a budget is, including that it is a formal estimate of required resources for a given time period. It then discusses different definitions of budgets provided by various scholars. The document outlines the key components of a budget as public expenditures and public revenues. It also discusses different types of budgets, including operating and development budgets. The document further examines classifications of public expenditures by categories, sectors, general objects, and programs/activities. Finally, it introduces the concept of the canon of public expenditures as rules or principles that governments must follow when incurring expenditures.
459 policy initatives for improved financial services nationalJai Jp
The document outlines policy initiatives taken by the Ethiopian government since the early 1990s to improve financial services and access to rural areas. Key policies include maintaining macroeconomic stability, developing the legal and regulatory framework, expanding telecommunications infrastructure, and programs to provide loans for agricultural inputs to mitigate market failures. Moving forward, challenges include stabilizing inflation, modernizing payment systems, developing missing laws and regulations, and further expanding telecommunications.
The document summarizes information about India's service sector. It discusses how the service sector contributes over 50% to India's GDP and is the key driver of economic growth. It provides examples of major service industries like finance, tourism, and IT. The service sector employs a large skilled workforce and has attracted significant foreign investment. However, it faces challenges like high infrastructure costs and global competition. The government is taking initiatives to develop the sector further.
The document discusses India's fiscal deficit, revenue deficit, effective revenue deficit, and primary deficit. It outlines the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act of 2003 and its amendments in 2012, which set targets to reduce the fiscal deficit and revenue deficit. It also discusses issues related to India's public debt management, high fiscal and current account deficits, and the economic survey's recommendation to establish a Public Debt Management Authority to improve debt management and reduce financial repression.
A study on Budget deficit AND Its impact on the economy of BangladeshMd Showeb
Government budget deficit is the difference between government revenues and expenditures. Government has different sources of revenues. Major portion of government revenues comes from direct and indirect taxes. Direct taxes come from income and profits of individuals and institutions and indirect taxes come from import duty, supplementary duty and value added tax. It can be put in different way. Direct taxes are the part of economic revenues and incomes of individuals and institutions and indirect taxes are the part of economic transactions in the form of buy, sale, export and import transactions. If government wants accelerate its revenues to meet the growing public expenditures and to reduce the budget deficit without reducing the expenditures of different influential sectors, much efforts should be made to increase economic revenues and income as well as the economic transactions so that the government revenues can meet the growing demand of the economy with the increase in revenues from income tax, import duty, supplementary duty and value added tax. In this regard the concentration of the report is on the management of deficit budget to minimize bad effects and maximize the utilization of funds. Having budget deficit is not a problem at all. The problems lie with the government inefficiency in the management of budget deficit. The evaluation of different reasons behind deficit budget and the evaluation of different bad effects of deficit budget are two crucial parts of our discussion. The impact of budget deficit on the different sectors of the economy is addressed here with relevant information. It is further concentration point of the report to find ways to improve the management performance of the government to achieve different macroeconomic goals with the help of expansion of economic revenues and transactions. The government revenues increase with the increase in economic revenues and economic transactions. The key point of our discussion is government should not decrease the public expenditures as the population is growing. The expenditures on different public sectors have to be increased as the population is growing. But budget deficit should not grow to meet the expenditures as budget deficit has some associated problems with it. For this reason government has to concentrate on accelerating the revenue collection rapidly with the expansion of economic revenues and economic transactions. For this reason government should try to integrate different policies to achieve key macroeconomic goals.
India faces significant infrastructure bottlenecks that are hindering its economic competitiveness and growth. These bottlenecks include inadequate road and transport infrastructure between ports, rail hubs, and industrial areas. This leads to higher business costs and negatively impacts India's exports. While the government has recognized the need for infrastructure development and established committees to accelerate projects, many initiatives have faced delays and failures due to issues like lack of private investment, land acquisition problems, and bureaucratic red tape. Addressing infrastructure bottlenecks remains a key challenge in allowing India to achieve its economic growth potential.
This document summarizes the trajectory of India's fiscal policy over several decades. It discusses how fiscal policy evolved from a conservative approach focused on controlling deficits during early post-independence planning, to economic liberalization in 1991 that reformed the tax system. While deficits were brought under control, public debt increased in the 1980s. After the 2008 global financial crisis, India responded with countercyclical fiscal measures, and its economy is now witnessing a return to fiscal consolidation and prudence. Looking ahead, further tax reforms and better targeted social spending will be priorities.
Local Government Financial Capability and Potential Issuance of Municipal BondsSeptian Wildan Mujaddid
Changes in categorisation in local government fiscal capability measures, namely Very Strong, Strong, Medium, Low, and Very Low due to reassessment from the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance, Ministry of Finance
The document discusses the key components of government budgets, including:
- Revenue receipts, which do not create liabilities or reduce assets, such as tax revenues. Tax revenues include direct taxes like income tax and indirect taxes like VAT. Non-tax revenues include fees, licenses, fines, and other sources.
- Capital receipts, which do create liabilities or reduce assets. These include borrowings, which create liabilities, and the sale of shares in public enterprises, which reduces assets.
- Expenditure, which is divided into revenue expenditure on ongoing activities and capital expenditure on infrastructure and other long-term investments.
The budget aims to allocate resources, reduce inequalities, promote stability and
The analysis of the budget for Education sector in BangladeshRabiul Alam Hamon
The document analyzes Bangladesh's education sector budget. It finds that while Bangladesh has made progress toward education goals like universal primary education, challenges remain like low quality and absenteeism. The education budget as a percentage of GDP and the total budget is declining and projected to decline further. It recommends significantly increasing the budget allocation for education to improve teaching quality, fund non-formal education, invest in technical and vocational education, and emphasize efficient resource utilization.
This document discusses national income analysis using the investment function within an Islamic economic system. It covers several key topics:
1. It outlines the four main sectors of economic activity in a country: household, corporate, government, and foreign.
2. It discusses the investment function and how it is determined by household savings and corporate investment spending.
3. It examines the government's role in fulfilling public needs through certain expenditures as determined by Sharia law, and in maintaining monetary stability.
4. Household consumption factors like transportation, housing, and basic goods are analyzed in the context of government policies around subsidies, public transit, and controlling prices.
5. The role of the private sector and individual
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is responsible for managing India's public debt, especially debt denominated in the domestic currency. The management of the central government's debt is conducted by RBI under statutory provisions that oblige the central government to delegate its debt management to the RBI.
The document discusses expectations for the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) from both Japanese companies and ASEAN regional businesses. Japanese companies expect simplification of customs procedures and elimination of import tariffs in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam. Regional businesses note that while ASEAN frameworks support integration, implementation lags ambitions due to capacity differences between members. True integration requires binding commitments rather than optional agreements. Ownership of the integration process must increase along with financial support from developed members. Expectations for AEC 2015 need adjusting as full integration may not be achievable given the ASEAN approach.
What led to the downfall of the Toyota brand-name worldwide? Univ of AIZU
The document discusses factors that led to the downfall of the Toyota brand worldwide. It notes that Toyota saw negative earnings for the first time in 58 years in 2009 due to the effects of the economic bubble bursting in 1992 and the financial crisis in 2008. Two major recalls in 2010 related to sticking accelerator pedals that resulted in 16 deaths and 243 injuries also damaged Toyota's brand. Since 2000, the number of fatalities associated with Toyota vehicles had risen more than 50%. These recalls and increased fatalities led to declining US sales and hurt Toyota's brand worldwide.
The document summarizes why companies should consider Lithuania for business. It highlights Lithuania's strategic location providing access to large markets in the EU, CIS and Baltic regions. It also outlines Lithuania's talented multilingual workforce, strong ICT infrastructure, modern logistics network, competitive costs and business friendly climate. The document promotes several of Lithuania's leading industries and provides contact information for the Lithuanian Trade Office which can offer information, assistance and market analysis to companies interested in the country.
This document provides an overview of opportunities in Japan for foreign businesses. It notes that Japan has the world's second largest economy and is an ideal test market for new products due to sophisticated consumers. While Japan faces challenges like an aging population and strong currency, the government is working to attract entrepreneurs and there are opportunities in sectors like healthcare, environment, and tourism. The document outlines JETRO's services to help foreign companies establish operations in Japan, including assistance with market research, office space, and business matching programs.
The document provides information about Italy and the Italian Trade Commission office in Chicago. Some key points:
- Italy has a population of 60.6 million and is among the top exporters globally and of capital goods to the US.
- The Italian Trade Commission promotes Italian trade internationally and has an office in Chicago covering the Midwest region of the US.
- The Chicago office provides information on Italian companies and trade flows between Italy and Illinois, which has seen increasing exports from Italy in recent years.
- It also lists upcoming trade events and investment opportunities to connect Italian and American businesses.
Engage and retain your people alliott 010412 Alliott Group 2012Alliott Group
The document discusses strategies for engaging and retaining employees. It recommends that HR shift from a compliance role to a more strategic role by understanding employee motivators and tailoring programs accordingly. Specific strategies include recognizing employees, investing in their development, being willing to change old practices, having fun team activities, and thanking employees. Identifying and engaging "rising stars" is also discussed.
The document discusses research capabilities for businesses through the U.S. Census Bureau and Euromonitor International. Reports can provide country-level data on imports, exports, sales, and companies sorted by industry. The Center for Corporate Training and Small Business Development Center outlines steps for conducting customized research, including determining fastest growing countries and industries, focusing research, and analyzing individual company data.
The document provides information on the Nikkei Smart City Consortium in Japan, which aims to promote the realization of smart cities. It notes that the consortium includes specialists in the environment, energy, urban issues, and municipalities. Major Japanese companies involved in the consortium share and transmit information to help realize smart city projects. The consortium's composition shows that diverse public and private stakeholders are collaborating through platforms like this one to advance smart city initiatives in Japan.
This document discusses a multi-bank solution called U.S. Bank SinglePoint that can help companies manage their global operations and banking needs more efficiently. It offers services like access to multiple foreign bank accounts through a single platform, liquidity management across accounts, foreign exchange risk management tools, and international payments and information reporting capabilities. The solution aims to help companies address the challenges of operating globally with limited resources by providing an easier way to maintain foreign bank accounts and oversee international banking activities in one place.
The document provides information on Turkey's economy and advantages for trade and investment. Some key points:
- Turkey has the 16th largest economy in the world and 6th largest in Europe. It has a large youth population and is a major steel producer.
- Turkish Airlines is one of the fastest growing and best airlines in Europe, carrying over 29 million passengers in 2010. Turkish airports see over 100 million passengers annually.
- The document lists Turkey as a major reason to invest, citing its strategic location and market size and growth potential.
The document provides an overview of free trade agreements and their principles:
1) It describes the basic principles and models of economic integration like free trade areas, customs unions, and common markets.
2) Examples of regional trade blocs under the WTO are discussed, like NAFTA, EU, and ASEAN.
3) The roles of GATT and the WTO in standardizing trade rules and resolving disputes are summarized.
El documento presenta el programa de plástica para tercer grado de un centro educativo en Santiago del Estero, Argentina, durante 2014. Se utilizarán varios materiales como témperas, arcilla, tijeras, papeles, cartones, plasticola, lápices, telas, hilos, maderas y alambres para las actividades. La docente alienta a disfrutar del año lectivo.
Comparison of SEZ in India, China & TaiwanUdit Jain
This document compares special economic zones (SEZs) in India, China, and Taiwan. SEZs are areas with special economic regulations to attract foreign investment and promote exports. In China, SEZs date back to the 1970s and helped drive China's economic growth. India has over 500 approved SEZs, though only around 170 are operational. Taiwan uses science parks and industrial parks as its main forms of SEZs, which provide tax incentives and infrastructure to attract investment. The document provides examples of successful SEZs in each country and discusses some of the objectives and benefits of establishing SEZs.
The document provides an analysis of entering the Chinese market for The Honest Company, an American brand known for natural baby and household products. It examines the company's current strategy, the Chinese situational context, and develops a market entry strategy. Key points include:
- China represents an opportunity for growth given its large middle class and demand for environmentally friendly products.
- The cultural, economic, social and technological landscape in China is different than the US and must be understood.
- A market entry strategy is proposed focusing on key online and retail channels as well as adapting the marketing mix (product, price, place, promotion).
How Jessica Alba Grew Her Startup to Worth $1.7 BillionBusiness Glory
The Honest Company is an ecommerce site co-founded by Jessica Alba. The Honest brand has become popular for whom are willing to pay extra money to overcome the fears of exposing their babies to chemical products.
Looking back to what Jessica Alba had achieved, three lessons we can learn from her startup
Advertising campaign prepared and presented to Jae Goodman (CCO at CAA) and Chris Thorne (CMO at Honest Company) on July 28th, 2016.
"Honest Moments" was official adopted and implemented as the company's first brand campaign in February 2017
The document provides an overview of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). Key points:
- The AEC aims to create a single market and production base through several measures including eliminating tariffs and non-tariff barriers, liberalizing trade in services, facilitating investment flows, and promoting freer movement of skilled labor.
- Significant progress has been made in reducing tariffs, with over 99% eliminated between ASEAN-6 countries. Attention is now turning to reducing non-tariff barriers.
- Other areas of integration include mutual recognition agreements for professionals, liberalizing rules for foreign investment, harmonizing intellectual property rights, and strengthening regional connectivity through infrastructure.
- The long-term vision is for
Doing business in Japan requires understanding Japanese business culture and etiquette. Meetings are highly structured and hierarchical, with the most senior person seated furthest from the door. Punctuality is expected. Relationship building through multiple meetings is important for establishing trust before substantive business discussions. Negotiations are non-confrontational, with implicit communication and consensus decision making preferred over direct "no" answers. Proper gift giving and conservative business attire should be observed.
Economic issues and trends in India 2013-14Abinash Pandia
The document provides an overview of key economic issues and trends in India. It discusses India's growing economy and GDP figures. It also covers topics like per capita income, exchange rates, agriculture, unemployment, poverty, imports/exports, literacy rates, foreign direct investment, the budget, and inflation. Sectors of the economy like services and industry are growing while agriculture is declining. The fiscal and current account deficits are ongoing economic issues as well. New policies on financial inclusion and the national food security bill aim to address social issues.
Business economics, also known as managerial economics, is a branch of economics that applies economic theory and principles to business decision-making. It involves the use of economic analysis to solve various business problems, optimize resource allocation, and make effective managerial decisions. Business economics focuses on understanding how businesses operate in the market and how they can make the best use of limited resources to achieve their objectives.
Key aspects of business economics include:
Demand and Supply Analysis: Analyzing the demand for a company's products or services and understanding how it interacts with the supply available in the market. This analysis helps in determining the optimal pricing and production levels to maximize profits.
Cost Analysis: Understanding the various costs involved in production, such as fixed costs, variable costs, and opportunity costs. Businesses use cost analysis to identify cost-effective strategies and achieve cost efficiency.
Pricing Strategies: Determining the most suitable pricing strategies that consider factors like production costs, customer demand, competitor pricing, and market conditions. Pricing decisions impact a company's revenue and market position.
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1) Japan has faced sluggish economic growth and declining potential growth over the past decades, which has left living standards below many other OECD countries. Public debt has risen to 226% of GDP while the population is shrinking.
2) Structural reforms are needed to boost growth, including increasing female labor participation, international trade engagement, private R&D investment, and improving productivity in services. Reforms are also required to reduce debt through fiscal consolidation and control of social spending.
3) Key policy recommendations include implementing Abenomics, reducing debt as the top priority, continuing monetary easing, boosting potential growth through structural reforms, and improving social programs through better targeting.
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This is a presentation by Mr. Muluneh Ayalew, Director, Monetary and Financial Analysis Directorate, National Bank of
Ethiopia, at the 3rd Annual East Africa Finance Summit
policies in economics trends for engineersRAJESH S
The document discusses various aspects of economic policy in India including privatization, fiscal policy, monetary policy, taxation, and the objectives of economic policies. It provides details on privatization in India, the objectives and tools of fiscal policy including the union budget, and the objectives and tools of monetary policy including the role of the Reserve Bank of India.
The document provides an overview of key indicators about India including its large population, diverse economy, and federal parliamentary system of government. It notes that India has a mixed economy with important sectors being agriculture, manufacturing, information technology, and services. The economy has grown significantly in recent decades and the government has implemented various economic reforms and initiatives to liberalize and support growth. Key challenges include inequality, infrastructure development, and environmental sustainability.
This document summarizes an assignment submitted on economic policy modules, including privatization, fiscal policy, and monetary policy in India. It discusses objectives and instruments of fiscal policy like taxation, public borrowing, and expenditure. It outlines the Raja Chelliah Committee recommendations on tax reforms and the objectives of monetary policy like growth, stability, and employment. Tools of monetary policy discussed include bank rate, cash reserve ratio, open market operations, and moral suasion.
Impact of Government Policies on productivityBirpartap Singh
Government policies have impacted productivity in various sectors in India. In manufacturing, total factor productivity growth was slow or negative from 1951-1979 but has not improved significantly in the post-reform period from 1980-2007. In agriculture, total factor productivity growth rates were approximately 1.45-2.33% per year between 1973-1993. In the automotive industry, policies like allowing 100% FDI and exempting manufacturing from licensing have supported growth. However, productivity in India's defense sector has been limited by the government's failure to sufficiently encourage private sector involvement in defense production.
Union Budget 2011-2012 was presented by the Finance Minister of India in Parliament on the last working day of February. Key highlights included:
1. India's GDP is estimated to grow at 9% in 2011-2012, up from 8.6% previously. Fiscal deficit is projected to fall to 4.6% from 5.1%.
2. The budget aims to boost rural development and improve public institutions and governance.
3. Total expenditure for 2011-2012 is budgeted at Rs. 12,57,729 crore, with allocations of Rs. 1,60,887 crore for social sectors, Rs. 52,057 crore for education, and Rs. 26,760
The document discusses the Solow-Swan model of economic growth and its application to Southeast Asian economies. It examines how factors like savings rates, population growth, and technology affect countries' ability to converge on a steady-state GDP. It then analyzes Indonesia's economic growth and development, noting its resilience during global downturns due to strong domestic demand. Statistical models are presented to study the relationship between human capital, economic growth, investment, labor force, and technology in Indonesia. Projections show Indonesia's GDP, consumption, investment and population are expected to significantly increase by 2035.
1. The document provides an overview of the Indian economy, including key economic indicators and statistics from 2015.
2. It outlines the structure and characteristics of the Indian economy, such as its developing status, agricultural base, and economic reforms since the 1990s that have liberalized the economy.
3. The economic reforms have transformed India into one of the fastest growing economies in the world with an average growth rate of 7% over the past two decades.
The document discusses the Economic Survey of India and provides context around key economic indicators. It summarizes that the Economic Survey reviews India's economic performance in the previous year and aims to inform the formulation of the upcoming budget. It then highlights some of the key figures from the 2005-2006 Economic Survey such as GDP growth projected at 8.1%, agriculture growth at 2.3%, and inflation projected at 5%. The document also discusses concepts like fiscal deficit, revenue deficit, and debt indicators for central and state governments combined.
This document provides an overview of macroeconomics and key macroeconomic concepts. It defines macroeconomics as the study of the overall averages and aggregates of an economy as a whole. The document outlines the scope, importance, objectives, and instruments of macroeconomic policy, including fiscal policy, monetary policy, and others. It also defines basic macroeconomic concepts such as stocks, flows, and different economic systems including capitalism, socialism, and mixed economies. The document discusses economic planning through five-year plans and the national budget. It concludes by defining important economic indicators used to measure and analyze the macroeconomy, including GDP, GNP, national income, unemployment, inflation, and more.
The economic environment of India has undergone significant changes since independence:
- At independence, India had a primarily agricultural and rural economy with low productivity.
- Since then, India has pursued economic planning and reforms to promote growth, reduce poverty and inequality, and become more self-reliant.
- The 1991 crisis prompted major reforms like liberalization, privatization, and globalization to open the economy and attract foreign investment.
- Currently, India's economy is growing at around 5-8% annually and becoming more globally integrated, though challenges around infrastructure and development remain.
The document discusses the economic environment and dimensions that influence business in Nepal. It outlines key components of Nepal's economic structure, including GDP, GDP per capita, economic policies, inflation rates, and levels of employment. It also examines Nepal's socioeconomic indicators such as population size, density, age distribution, labor force composition, and employment trends. The 14th economic development plan aims to transform agriculture and tourism and expand infrastructure to reach middle income status and a more prosperous, socially just nation.
This document provides an overview of India's economy, industries, foreign investment, trade, and strengths and weaknesses. It notes that India has a large agricultural sector focused on crops like wheat, rice and cotton. Manufacturing is led by textiles and chemicals, while services now contribute over half of GDP. India has experienced strong growth but remains a developing country with poverty and inequality issues. The government welcomes foreign investment and has created incentives. Key strengths include a large skilled workforce and consumer base, while weaknesses include corruption and infrastructure problems. India has become more open to international trade through trade agreements but faces a trade deficit.
A Perspective: Role of Commercial Banks in Financing Achievement of Sustainab...Dr. Ravi Chandra
The target audience are students and general population interested in Sustainable Development Goals 2030. They will learn about the scale of financing needs of India required to achieve SDG 2030. They will learn about the importance of domestic resource mobilisation to achieve the SDG 2030. They will get a perspective on gross domestic savings, foreign capital flows, public private partnerships and their role towards achievements of SDG 2030.
The need is to sensitize towards the role of savings towards achievement of SDG 2030.
Foreign direct investment (FDI) refers to investments made by companies located in one country into companies based in another country. India has pursued several initiatives to attract more FDI to help accelerate economic growth and development. FDI provides capital, technology, managerial skills and competitive pressure that benefit India's economy. Major sectors that receive FDI include services, infrastructure, insurance and broadcasting. Some examples of large FDI investments in India include deals between BP and Reliance, Vodafone's acquisition of Hutchison's India business, and Daiichi Sankyo's purchase of Ranbaxy Laboratories. The Indian government aims to continue liberalizing FDI policies to further economic development.
Taxation: The Instrument of Economic Growth in NigeriaAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The provision of basic infrastructures are very important to the economic development of a
nation. The extent to which the government is able to provide these amenities is determined by the number of
resources at the government's disposal. The inability of the government to provide these basic amenities have
led to the winding up and relocation of many multinational companies operating in Nigeria to other African
countries. As a result, this study investigated the effects of corporate income tax (CIT) and customs and excise
duty (CED) on economic growth. The study used a descriptive research design, and data from 1971 to 2020
were gathered from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and Federal Inland Revenue Service
(FIRS) publicationThe study concluded that the provision of basic infrastructures will boost the economy and
will drive individual taxpayers towards a positive response to tax payments. This will increase the level of tax
compliance and result in additional revenue for the government.This study recommended that the government
should make developmental projects their top agenda item as the availability of infrastructural facilities is a
necessary condition for investment that will grow the economy.
KEYWORDS: Company Income Tax, Custom and Excise Duty, Economic Growth, Gross Domestic Product,
Taxation
Similar to Economy and finance of EU and India (20)
13 Jun 24 ILC Retirement Income Summit - slides.pptxILC- UK
ILC's Retirement Income Summit was hosted by M&G and supported by Canada Life. The event brought together key policymakers, influencers and experts to help identify policy priorities for the next Government and ensure more of us have access to a decent income in retirement.
Contributors included:
Jo Blanden, Professor in Economics, University of Surrey
Clive Bolton, CEO, Life Insurance M&G Plc
Jim Boyd, CEO, Equity Release Council
Molly Broome, Economist, Resolution Foundation
Nida Broughton, Co-Director of Economic Policy, Behavioural Insights Team
Jonathan Cribb, Associate Director and Head of Retirement, Savings, and Ageing, Institute for Fiscal Studies
Joanna Elson CBE, Chief Executive Officer, Independent Age
Tom Evans, Managing Director of Retirement, Canada Life
Steve Groves, Chair, Key Retirement Group
Tish Hanifan, Founder and Joint Chair of the Society of Later life Advisers
Sue Lewis, ILC Trustee
Siobhan Lough, Senior Consultant, Hymans Robertson
Mick McAteer, Co-Director, The Financial Inclusion Centre
Stuart McDonald MBE, Head of Longevity and Democratic Insights, LCP
Anusha Mittal, Managing Director, Individual Life and Pensions, M&G Life
Shelley Morris, Senior Project Manager, Living Pension, Living Wage Foundation
Sarah O'Grady, Journalist
Will Sherlock, Head of External Relations, M&G Plc
Daniela Silcock, Head of Policy Research, Pensions Policy Institute
David Sinclair, Chief Executive, ILC
Jordi Skilbeck, Senior Policy Advisor, Pensions and Lifetime Savings Association
Rt Hon Sir Stephen Timms, former Chair, Work & Pensions Committee
Nigel Waterson, ILC Trustee
Jackie Wells, Strategy and Policy Consultant, ILC Strategic Advisory Board
Explore the world of investments with an in-depth comparison of the stock market and real estate. Understand their fundamentals, risks, returns, and diversification strategies to make informed financial decisions that align with your goals.
Discovering Delhi - India's Cultural Capital.pptxcosmo-soil
Delhi, the heartbeat of India, offers a rich blend of history, culture, and modernity. From iconic landmarks like the Red Fort to bustling commercial hubs and vibrant culinary scenes, Delhi's real estate landscape is dynamic and diverse. Discover the essence of India's capital, where tradition meets innovation.
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What Lessons Can New Investors Learn from Newman Leech’s Success?Newman Leech
Newman Leech's success in the real estate industry is based on key lessons and principles, offering practical advice for new investors and serving as a blueprint for building a successful career.
Economic Risk Factor Update: June 2024 [SlideShare]Commonwealth
May’s reports showed signs of continued economic growth, said Sam Millette, director, fixed income, in his latest Economic Risk Factor Update.
For more market updates, subscribe to The Independent Market Observer at https://blog.commonwealth.com/independent-market-observer.
Discover the Future of Dogecoin with Our Comprehensive Guidance36 Crypto
Learn in-depth about Dogecoin's trajectory and stay informed with 36crypto's essential and up-to-date information about the crypto space.
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https://36crypto.com/the-future-of-dogecoin-how-high-can-this-cryptocurrency-reach/
How to Invest in Cryptocurrency for Beginners: A Complete GuideDaniel
Cryptocurrency is digital money that operates independently of a central authority, utilizing cryptography for security. Unlike traditional currencies issued by governments (fiat currencies), cryptocurrencies are decentralized and typically operate on a technology called blockchain. Each cryptocurrency transaction is recorded on a public ledger, ensuring transparency and security.
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KYC Compliance: A Cornerstone of Global Crypto Regulatory FrameworksAny kyc Account
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2. INTRODUCTION
Economics focuses on the behavior and
interactions of economic agents and how
economies work.
Finance aims to price assets based on
their risk level and their expected rate of
return.
The ultimate goal of economics and
finance is to improve the living conditions
of people in their everyday life.
3. • The Economy in India is the seventh-largest in
the world by nominal GDP .
• India has the one of fastest growing service
sectors in the world with annual growth rate of
above 9% since 2001, which contributed to
57% of GDP in 2012-13.
• India's economy became the world's fastest
growing major economy from the last quarter
of 2014, replacing the People's Republic of
China.
5. ECONOMY IN EU
• The economy of the European Union generates a GDP
(nominal) of about €14.303 trillion (US$18.451 trillion in 2014)
and a GDP (PPP) of about €12.710 trillion (US$16.773 trillion
in 2014) according to International Monetary Fund.
• The European Union (EU) economy consists of an internal
market and the EU is represented as a unified entity in the
World Trade Organization (WTO).
• The current map of EU growth is one of huge regional
variation, with the larger economies suffering from stagnant
growth and the new nations enjoying sustained, robust
economic growth.
8. FINANCE
• European commission Promotes the general
interest of the EU by proposing and enforcing
legislation as well as by implementing policies
and the EU budget.
• It is the EU's politically independent executive
arm.
• It is alone responsible for drawing up proposals
for new European legislation.
• IT implements the decisions of the European
11. FINANCE
Financial Sector of India – Chief Characteristics
• The financial sector of India allows Most Favored Nation
(MFN) reputation to all international banks and firms offering
financial facilities.
• The sector has relaxed previous MFN tax exemption on
banking activities.
• Allows 12 new financial bank division authorizations every year
to international banks, that is higher as compared to the
existing 8 every year.
• Raises the 10% limit of reinsurance by insurance firms in India.
• Permits 51% foreign endowment in fiscal advisory, issuing,
hiring, business enterprise capital, business banking and non-
banking credit firms.
13. GOVERNMENT
FINANCE STATISTICS
The GFS Compilation Guide provides detailed information on
how to gradually introduce the guidelines of the Government
Finance Statistics Manual 2001 and best practices into the
compilation and dissemination of fiscal statistics.
Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001 Describes an
integrated Government Finance Statistics (GFS) system that is
harmonized, to the extent possible, with the System of National
Accounts, 1993 .
These statistics are crucial indicators for determining the health
of a Member State’s economy.
14. DEBT TO GDP EU
Generally, Government debt as a percent of GDP is used by investors to
measure a country ability to make future payments on its debt, thus affecting
the country borrowing costs and government bond yields. This page
provides the latest reported value for - Euro Area Government Debt to GDP -
plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-
term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.
15. DEBT TO GDP INDIA
Generally, Government debt as a percent of GDP is used by
investors to measure a country ability to make future payments on its
debt, thus affecting the country borrowing costs and government
bond yields. This page provides - India Government Debt To GDP -
actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic
calendar and news.
16. LABOUR
PRODUCTIVITY
A measurement of economic growth of a country. Labor
productivity measures the amount of goods and services
produced by one hour of labor. More specifically, labor
productivity measures the amount of real GDP produced
by an hour of labor. Growing labor productivity depends on
three main factors: investment and saving in physical
capital, new technology and human capital. The results of
regression exercises for various subsets of districts
classified according to growth of output tend to confirm the
hypothesis that labour productivity in agriculture is
determined by the use of capital inputs on the one hand
and output-augmenting modern biological inputs on the
other.
20. INDIA & EU
Achievements:
• India and the European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and
Civil Protection department (ECHO) maintain an ongoing
dialogue for the delivery of humanitarian relief supplies and
assistance during natural disasters (floods, cyclones and
earthquakes) and man-made crisis.
• ECHO has a long history of assistance as a donor of relief
supplies & financing, project planning & coordination, and the
in-field deployment of speciality skill-sets. Several European
universities have vibrant student-exchange and research
partnerships with Indian educational institutions.
• European Commission support for joint research and heritage
conservation projects have enjoyed widespread acclaim in
India.
21. INDIA-EU ECONOMIC
RELATIONSHIP
EU is India's largest trading partner.
The bilateral relationship is reviewed annually
by India-EU Summit at the level of India's Prim
Minister and the Presidency of the EU.
Announcement of strategic partnership was
made at 5th in November 2004, at India–EU
Summit held.