The document summarizes the state of the Indian economy, focusing on agriculture, industry, foreign trade, and key social and economic problems. It notes that after independence, India shifted from a poor agricultural system to one using advanced technologies. The industrial sector also developed after suffering under British rule. Foreign trade composition changed and an inward-looking strategy was adopted. Ongoing issues include poverty, unemployment, inflation, and overexploitation of natural resources.

1. 2012-2013
ECONOMICS PRESENTATION
“India- A great Country”
Hamara Desh Mahan…..
SUBMITTED TO :- Mrs. Anu Sharma
SUBMITTED BY :- MANISHA,
MEGHA NAYYAR ,TANISH,MEGHA VERMA ,
REETIKA GOYAL ,MANDEEP KAUR.

2. Project offers some preliminary information
about the state of Indian Economy. It focuses
on:
•State of agriculture
•Industrial Sector
•Foreign Trade
•Social and Economic Problems
oPoverty
oUnemployment
oInflation
oExploitation of Natural Resources
oInfrastructure

3. State of Indian Agriculture
Earlier Indian agriculture was marked with low level of technology, lack of irrigation
facilities, no use of fertilizers, no use of new technologies. We were just dependent on rainfall
for agricultural production. Farmers used to produce just for their self sufficiency.
After independence we started developing and there was a great shift in the agriculture.
From poor agriculture we move to a advanced technological agriculture. We started adopting
new technologies, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation facilities, Etc.
That was just how we move from poor agriculture to Advanced Technological Agriculture
AND now we are able to produce not just for self-sufficiency but also for Trade

4. State Of Industrial Sector
Indian industry (as dominated by handicrafts) which at one time enjoyed global
reputation, suffered a systematic destruction during the British rule. It was largely
owing to discriminatory Tariff policy of the British government. Handicraft in India lost
both domestic as well as international market.
After independence we progressed a lot and our industrial sector faced development
and around half of the Indian population indulged in industrial sector.

5. Foreign Trade
International trade of India took a hit in two ways :-
•It was monopolized by the British govt. ,ending multinational exports from India.
•Composition of trade showed a shift from the export of finished goods to the export of raw
material and from the import of gold and silver to the import of finished industrial products,
largely from Britain.
After Independence, the volume of trade recorded a perceptible rise, composition of trade
under went a perceptible change and direction of foreign trade become much more diverse
then ever before. There was a substantial change in the composition of India's international
trade. Inwards looking trade strategy was also launched.

6. Social and Economic Problem
EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
It means environmental problem related to excessive exploitation of natural resources. In order
to achieve economic growth ,man needs natural capital along with physical capital.
There are two basic problem related to environment :-
 Problem of Pollution
 Problem of Excessive Exploitation or Degradation of Natural Resources.

7. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
It means development that meets the needs of present without
compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own
needs. For the development we are using available resources in
excess which need to conserve the resources.

9.  Despite the growth and development of the Indian economy during the last couple
of decades, poverty is, parallel, increasing in absolute terms.
 The bare fact is that nearly 27.5 % of India’s population still lives below the poverty
line, and 75 % of this, lives in rural areas.
 A recent report laments that 77 % of Indians live on a daily income of Rs.20 only.

10. UNEMPLOYMENT
A man is unemployed only when he is both without a job or not
employed and also desires to be employed. In our country problem of
unemployment has taken serious turn which is a curse .
In our country unemployment is caused by rapid growth of population,
decline of cottage and small industries, agriculture, a seasonal industry,
defective education, less saving an investment, slow economic growth,
temporary and migratory character of labour and all these causes result
in increase in poverty, social problems, exploitation of labourers.

12. INFRASTUCTURE
TRANSPORT: ROADS AND CIVIL AVIATION

13. It is a core element of economic and social change which serve as supportive system to
production activity in the economy . In the absence of economic infrastructure the economic
growth is not possible. Infrastucture was very poor on the time of colonial rule. Now India has
developed a lot. India is considered as polio free country in the world. But now also it need a lot
of efforts for growth and development.
Infrastructure focuses on

15. • Inflation generally means rise in prices.
• Inflation is an increase in the price of a basket of
goods and services that is representative of the
economy as a whole.
• It is a persistence and substantial rise in general
level of prices after full employment level of
output.

16. CONCLUSION
In the nutshell,it is concluded that we have inherited a backward
economy from the Britisher. Indian economy was subjected to a
massive colonial exploitation during British rule. Then the govt.
of India intitiated a slew of Economic Reform, which come to be
known as New Economic Policy. But In the path of Growth, some
major problem are problem are in the Economy.i.e. Poverty,
Unemployment, Inflation, Adulteration.
Exploitation which was so deep-rooted that after Independence
,it needed a big push in terms of planned development
Programmes by the govt. in India.