Eco-labeling identifies the environmental preference of products based on life cycle considerations and includes various types such as energy efficiency labels and carbon footprint measures. These labels are essential for consumers and companies to enhance brand reputation, improve sustainability practices, and reduce costs. Various countries have developed their own labeling systems to promote environmental responsibility and awareness among consumers.

2. WHAT IS ECO-LABELLING?
An eco-label is a label which identifies overall
environmental preference of a product or service within
a particular product/service category based on life cycle
consideration.
Environmental footprint:
measures the environmental
impact(climate change , water
& resources…) over the
lifetime of a good or service.
PCF-product carbon
footprint:
an environmental footprint
that looks specifically at
one environmental impact-
climate change.

3. agricultural practices
like pesticides and
fertilization
a processed and
meat-heavy diet
the livestock industry
packaging
factory processing
Fossilfuel intensive
food transportation,
large-scale
distribution systems
CAUSES:

4. Types of Labels:
•1) Energy efficiency labels
• Energy efficiency labels list the rate of energy used to
accomplish a particular task.
• Examples of energy efficiency labels include those on appliances, fuel-efficiency of
cars, and florescent light bulbs.
•2) “Food miles”
• At the most basic level, “food miles” calculates the distance traveled by a food
product, or a product’s components, to reach the point of sales.
• “Food miles” is one way for consumers to prefer locally-produced foods over distantly-
produced, often air-transported foods.
•3) Carbon foot-printing
• Carbon footprint is a measure of the carbon – a greenhouse gas – emitted into the
atmosphere as a result of some product, mechanism, or activity.

5. WHY WE NEED THESE LABELS:
Demand for environmental
information
• Buyers, retailers and
consumers are demanding
more information on the
sustainability and
environmental
performance of products
Brand enhancement
• Companies are looking for
ways to improve brand
reputation and at the same
time demonstrate the
green credentials of their
products. Labelling is a
simple and effective way
to communicate proactive
action on climate change
and sustainable
consumption.
Efficiency and risk
• Businesses want to
understand better the full
lifecycle impacts of their
products to identify areas
of inefficiency and risk
Carbon reduction
• In order to reduce the
carbon impact of products
and services, you first have
to measure it
Cost reduction
• By identifying areas of
inefficiency and waste,
companies can optimise
resources and redesign to
reduce carbon and cost

6. CARBON LABELLING IN THE WORLD:
Japan has
developed the
Carbon Footprint
of Products (CFP)
System, a product
labelling scheme
Korea has
launched a
Carbon Footprint
Label as well as a
Low Carbon
Certificate label
Thailand has
developed a
Carbon Reduction
Label based on
qualitative criteria
Taiwan launched
its quantitative
Carbon Label in
2010

7. In the USA, the
Sustainability
Consortium is a group
of multinational
corporations helping
suppliers to measure
and reduce their
environmental impact
France has been
experimenting with
several schemes and
passed a law for
environmental labelling
Many other European
countries have a
labelling schemeThe EU
is currently developing
a policy for a scheme
across Europe

8. ECOLABEL IN INDIA
Ecomark is a certification mark issued
by the Bureau of Indian Standards(the
national standards organization of
India) to products conforming to a set
of standards aimed at the least impact
on the ecosystem. The marking
scheme was started in 1991.
An earthen pot has been chosen as
the logo for the Ecomark scheme in
India. The familiar earthen pot uses a
renewable resource like earth, does
not produce hazardous waste and
consumes little energy in making