Eco-friendly construction involves building structures that are resource-efficient and less harmful to the environment, utilizing techniques like rammed earth and straw bale construction to mitigate environmental impact. Various materials and methods, including recycled materials and energy-efficient systems, contribute to sustainable building practices. Benefits of eco-friendly construction include lower energy use, improved indoor air quality, and enhanced integration with the natural landscape.

2. ‘Eco-friendly’ or ‘ecological’
construction is a building
structure that is either
beneficial or non-harmful to the
environment and its also
resource efficient.

3. Causes of building eco-friendly
structures:
• 1.Eco-friendly construction has been developed in
response to the knowledge that buildings often have
a negative impact on our environment and our
natural resources .
• T2.This includes transporting materials hundreds
or thousands of miles, which has a negative
impact in the energy required to transport them.
• A3.Also in emissions of hazardous chemicals from
poorly designed building that creates, and traps
them.
• a
• .

4. AArchitects & builders
worldwide are now using
construction techniques
that have been developed
throughout human history,
in response to local
environmental concerns
and the physical resource
opportunities available,
coupled with 21st century
technological refinements.
Steps taken to overcome these problems :

5. 
A. Rammed
Earth
Construction .

B. Eathship
Construction.

6. AA. Rammed Earth
Construction :
1. Rammed earth
construction involves clay-
based material mixed with
water and then its rammed
into brick or solid wall form .
2.Its suitable in hot and dry
climates.
3.To straw bale the houses,
actually straw is used as the
core structure.

7.  Straw Bale Construction

8. 1.Straw is a great
insulator.
2.Straw is a
breathable material
that filters the air
passing through it.
3.And contrary to
expectation, straw is
fire-resistant when
compressed.
4. Straw is low cost.

9. B. Earthship
Construction :
1.Earthship constructions
use recycled car tyres filled
with earth (soil) as the
building walls or Yurts or
Gers.
2.The ‘Gers’ are the semi-
permanent nomadic tents
of Inner Asia, that utilize
local wood, wool and
canvas, to literally live on,
with the land..

10. These examples can
be seen as
development that has
a low impact upon the
environment, which
utilize and blend in
with the local
environment, and
could be dismantled
and moved easily.

11. In more conventional
building construction, it is
how technology and
building materials merge
and create ecological
resources that are the key
to green success, as well
as using simple and
readily available materials.

12. For example,
using pulped
recycled paper for
roof insulation is a
simple but highly
effective
ecological
resource.

13. 1.The damage to
human health from
asbestos insulation,
laid out in rolls in
thousands of UK
homes.
2.Asbestos also takes
hundreds of years to
decompose in landfill.
Improper Insulation :

14.  At Home :
 1.Distinguish organic waste and inorganic
waste.
 2.Kitchen gardening.
 At College :
 Try to make the campus a plastic free
campus.

15.  Q.1. Name the only Indian , eco-
friendly chain of five star hotels
which has won several awards for its
various eco-friendly techniques used
 And who started it ?

16.  The Orchid Group of Hotels.
 Vitthal Kamat .

17.  100% recycled material.
 Metallic nature of aluminum creates brighter, more
vibrant colors than white photo paper. Special print
process generates photographic quality images and
museum quality text
 Industrial coating protects graphics from scratches
 Great alternative to non eco-friendly application of
printing on paper, film lam and mounting to sintra.
Eco-Aluminum offers better quality and superior
durability.

18.  Made from recycled kraft paper
and fully recyclable.
 Strong, lightweight.
 Can be routered to any shape.
 Green alternative to PVC/plastic
display products.
 Indoor/outdoor product.
 Applications include POP display,
themed portable tables, exhibitions
or trade shows, interior/exterior
signage, banners, printed panels,
bulkheads, ceiling tiles.

19.  Thickness range from 1/32” to 4 ¼”.
 Size range up to 63” x 118”.

20.  Indoor or outdoor material.
 Interior banners, window graphics or outdoor
wall murals or pole banners.
 Can be printed double-sided.
 16’ wide.
 Mesh is biodegradable in
landfill conditions.

21.  7 year outdoor life
 1 ½” thick material. 5’ x 10’ sheets
 Returns are ½” to 1 ½” thick
 Easy to install and low cost.
 An effective alternative to high pressure digital
laminates and porcelain enamel for outdoor
signage such as parking lot signs.

22.  A green forest
stewartship venner can
be mounted to various
substrates.
 4’ x 5’ sheets size
 Excellent print quality
 Used as fixture inserts
 Scratch resistant coating

23.  Fabric is made from
recycled material and
is biodegradable or
can be recycled
 Up to 120” wide
 Brilliant colors
 Ideal alternate to vinyl
banners

24.  Film made from corn. Eco-friendly adhesive can
be added.
 Printed with green inks.
 10 ml, 60” wide material; indoor only
 Great eco-friendly alternate for hanging banners,
great for curved surfaces and applications to
acrylic or glass.

25.  100% recycled material
 48” wide material
 Printed using eco
friendly inks
 Great alternative to
self-adhesive vinyl for
indoor applications

26.  Concrete in its raw essence is a very
green material. It is hewn from rock and
the earth, ground into a fine powder,
mixed with a few other raw components,
the most important is water, and then
mixed and allowed to set, wherever it is
needed.
 In its raw state concrete powder is
environmentally friendly, as it is of the
environment itself – a natural component.
Here it is known as cement, before it
hardens and becomes like stone. But it is
used in the industrial extraction of the
materials, the mixing, and of course the
application of concrete that ceases to be
both biodegradable and environmentally
friendly.

27. • Eco-friendly Building
Materials.
• Green Power.
• Water use Efficiency.
• Energy efficient and eco-
friendly equipment.
• Indoor Air quality.

28.  Wood Frame Construction:
• Very durable.
• Eco-friendly.
• Low cost.
• Heat n cool, provides maximum comfort.
Disadvantages:
• Often wasted.
• Deforestation.

29.  Stone Construction
Stone has been used as a building
material for thousands of years. It
has long been recognized as a
material of great durability and
superior artistic quality, the foremost
choice for buildings associated with
status, power and religion
Types of stone
construction:
a) Igneous
b) Sedimentary
c) Metamorphic

30.  Straw Bale Construction
• Straw-bale construction is a
building method that uses straw
bales as structural elements,
insulation, or both.
ADVANTAGES:
o Cost efficient.
o Easily available.
o High insulation value.

31.  Underground Construction
Underground housing refers specifically to
homes that have been built underground,
either partially or completely.
Advantages:
 can be built on steep surfaces and can
maximize space in small areas.
 materials excavated in construction can
be used in the building process.
 maintenance costs are lower.
 They are wind, fire & earthquake resistant
 energy efficient.
 underground houses blend with the
natural landscape.

32.  Clay Fly Ash Bricks.
• brick composed of clay, fly ash and
water.
• It also comprises of alumina, silica
and iron and is generally captured
from chimneys of power generation
facilities.

33.  Calcium Silicate Bricks.
 Advantages :
• Low Thermal Conductivity
• Rigid & Light Weight
• Good Mechanical Strength
• Fire resistant
• Low shrinkage
• Low specific Heat
• Non Combustible & Non
Corrosive
• Low maintenance Cost
• Re-usable & Long life
• Easily Workable (cuts easily)

34.  Mixing with Cement.

35.  Autoclaved Aerated Concrete.
 Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) is a high quality
engineered building material that offers a unique combination
of strength, light weight, thermal & sound insulation, fire
resistance to water penetration & good workability.

36.  Cellular Light Weight
Concrete.
 Cellular Light Weight
Concrete (CLC) blocks are
substitute to bricks and
conventional concrete blocks
in building with density
varying from 800 kg/m3 to
1800 kg/m3.
Advantages:-
 Better strength to weight ratio
 Reduction of dead load
resulting in saving of steel.
 Better thermal insulation

37.  Fly-ash Stone Powder-
Cement Bricks.
• These bricks are
manufactured by mixing
weighed amount of fly-ash,
cement and size stoned
powder in a mixer &
moulded & pressed in brick
making machines.

38.  Use of Solar Energy in residential &public
buildings e.g. Solar Panels
 Use of Wind Energy e.g. Wind mills

39.  Photo voltaic are the cells use to store energy
in day time.
 By the use of BIPV we can decrease the
Electricity consumption & thus reduce
maintenance cost.

40.  USE OF DRIP IRRIGATION
 RAIN WATER HARVESTING

42. Advantages:
 Minimized fertilizer/nutrient loss.
 High water application efficiency.
 Leveling of the field not necessary.
 Ability to irrigate irregular shaped fields.
 Allows safe use of recycled water.
 Moisture within the root zone can be maintained.
 Soil type plays less important role in frequency of irrigation.
 Minimized soil erosion.
 Lower labour cost.
 Variation in supply can be regulated by regulating the valves
and drippers.

43. Disadvantages:
 Expense. Initial cost can be more than overhead systems.
 Waste. The sun can affect the tubes used for drip irrigation,
shortening their usable life. Longevity is variable.
 Clogging. If the water is not properly filtered and the
equipment not properly maintained, it can result in
clogging.
 Waste of water, time & harvest, if not installed properly.
 Drip irrigation might be unsatisfactory if herbicides or top
dressed fertilizers need sprinkler irrigation for activation.

44. There are two main
techniques of rain water
harvesting:
 Storage of rainwater on
surface for future use.
 Recharge to ground
water.