This document discusses an eclectic approach to adolescent psychotherapy. It draws from multiple areas including biology, psychology, culture, relationships, and development. It views the individual as having an inherent existence or "factum" that is influenced by their environment and relationships. Specifically, it discusses how the parent represents societal values and has control over the child, while the child is a project that faces itself and develops into an adult through internalizing external influences. It proposes that personality develops through a progression of crises as the individual navigates relationships with their inner parent, child, and internal dialogue to transform their existence. The eclectic approach combines insights from fields like transactional analysis, cognitive behavioral therapy, and existentialism.

1. Eclectic approach andEclectic approach and
adolescent psychotherapyadolescent psychotherapy
Dragan Mitrović, M.D.

2. ECLECTICECLECTIC
• ... combining whatever seem the best or
the most useful things from many different
areas of systems rather than following a
single system...
• Discussion between “purist” and
“integrationist”
• Practical and academical issues

3. SOLVING A PUZZLESOLVING A PUZZLE
FROM CERTAIN TO UNCERTAINFROM CERTAIN TO UNCERTAIN

4. BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
• Waddington’s “landscape” model

5. CULTURE AND SOCIALCULTURE AND SOCIAL
ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
URIE BRONFENBRENNER (1977) :
• MICROSYSTEM
• MESOSYSTEM
• MACROSYSTEM

6. BIOPSYCHOLOGYBIOPSYCHOLOGY
• Body 22 chromosoms
• Sex XX or XY
• Emotion limbic system
• Inteligence cortex
• Social instinct

7. RELATIONSHIPRELATIONSHIP
Emotional relationship
(ethology , attachment Bowlby )
• Child is attached to parent (Object)
Cognitive-behevioural relationship
( learning theories, externalization –
internalization, Vigotsky)
• Parent(object) teach child

8. DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT
• Somatic development (C)
• Sex development ( Freud) (C)
• Emotional development ( Valon, Campos) (C)
• Intelectual-cognitiv development (Piage) (C)
• Social development (C)
• Moral development ( Kohlberg)(P)

9. HOW CERTAIN ELEMENTS CANHOW CERTAIN ELEMENTS CAN
BE ORGANIZEDBE ORGANIZED
BIOLOGY
PSYCHOLOGY
CULTURE& SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
RELATIONSHIP
DEVELOPMENT

10. CHILD OR FACTUMCHILD OR FACTUM
• Being – existence (factum) . It is given by
gens and it is present as Child.
• Somatic being
• Sexual being
• Emotional being
• Intelectual being
• Social being
• * professional being

11. PARENTPARENT
• Parent represent aqueried etic and estetic
values of sociaty through eco-system
• Parent has inner Control mechanism toward
child

12. EXISTENTIALISMEXISTENTIALISM
• A human being is taken as a PROJECT
that faces itself, learns and accomplishes.
• Human essence, its universality is given
as a possibility and is realized throug the
project of individual existence.

13. ADULTADULT
• Essence ( facideum) is specific human
ability to be what is not by its being.
Vygotsky L.S. 1960, Development of higher psychical functions

14. PERSONALITYPERSONALITY
Structure( E.Bern – Mitrovic)Structure( E.Bern – Mitrovic)

15. RELATIONSHIPRELATIONSHIP

16. INTERNALISATION ( Vygotsky)INTERNALISATION ( Vygotsky)
“each function in cultural development of
child takes its places twice in two ways,
first in reference with among people as the
interpersonal cathegory,later being as
inner psychological category

17. INTERNAL SPEACHINTERNAL SPEACH
• I SAID TO MYSELF (Mead, 1934)
• My iner Parent talks or discus or
arguigng with my Iner Beings (Child)
working on me, transforming my existance
in my essence or Adult.

18. PERSONALITYPERSONALITY
DevelopmentDevelopment
• PARENT
– ADULT
• CHILD
• INTERNAL SPEACH I WITH ME
crysis
P
A
C

19. DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRESSIONDEVELOPMENTAL PROGRESSION
CRISESCRISES
EriksonErikson
• Trust versus mistrast
• Autonomy versus Shame
• Initiative versus Guilt
• Industry versus Inferiority
• Identity versus Role Confusion
• Intimacy versus Isolation
• Generativity versus Stagnation
• Integrity versus Despair

20. BordersBorders
Inner borders
• Toward recognizing own beings
Outside borders
• To give permission to act
• In accepting reality

21. EclecticEclectic
• Human biology
• Transactional analyses
• Internal transactional analyses
• Cognitive- behevioural therapy
• Existentialism in philosophy