Easy IoT with JavaScript

Samsung Open Source Group 1 #CampOSV #InOut2018
Easy IoT with Javascript
Philippe Coval
Samsung Open Source Group / SRUK
philippe.coval@osg.samsung.com
Using FLOSS: Node.js, IoT.js, W3C and more
#CampOSV Hackathon
#InOut2018, Rennes <2018-03-13>

$ who am i
● Philippe Coval from Samsung OSG
– Belongs to SRUK team, based in Rennes, France
– Interests: Libre Soft/Hard/ware, IoT, DIY...
– Communities: Tizen, IoTivity, Automotive, Yocto...
– Ask me for help online: https://wiki.tizen.org/wiki/User:Pcoval

What is Internet of Things ?
● Any thing:
– Computers, desktop, laptop, servers
●
Cars are 4 wheeled computers
– “Smart” personal/shared product
●
TV, Mobile, Wearable, Home
– Embedded systems
– Low cost constrained devices
●
Micro controllers
●
dummy connected sensor ?
● That can be connected to :
– Other things (using IP)
– Or Internet ? (through a gateway)
● New word for embedded ?
– Scale is really different !
● What matters:
● Connectivity → Security
● Low Cost → Ubiquitous
● Power → Performance
●
Openness
→ OS/Applications/Services
● Interoperability
→IoT not silos!

JavaScript history
● Hi level interpreted programming language
– was influenced by Self (Smalltalk) and Scheme
● Invented in 1995 then shipped into:
– Netscape 2.0 Web browser then Enterprise Server
● Standardized in 1997
– by European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA)
● JSON: JavaScript object model introduced in 2000 (vs XML)
● Massive adoption by Web Community and more:
– 2009: NodeJS, CommonJS, 2011: WebGL NaCL, 2017: WebAssembly

Motivations for JavaScript for IoT
● JavaScript is everywhere!
– Many web developers → Many application developers
● Easy leaning curve, Faster and Lower cost of development:
– Standardized and established communities
● Node.JS is the leading JavaScript runtime (based on V8 engine)
– NPM repo over 500K modules
● JS Interpreter can fit even into constrained devices
– Embedded devs to focus more on platforms than apps

Samsung Open Source Group 6
“The secret of getting ahead
is getting started.”
~ Mark Twain

IoT Platforms, supporting JavaScript ?
● No OS (Baremetal): Optimal, low portability, slow and costly
– Usually in C or Assembly
● Full featured OS? Like GNU/Linux (or derived Tizen)
– Standard APIs: POSIX, Huge community: distros, packages...
● but more resource consuming: Memory, Power (on battery?), slower to boot
● Or dedicated platforms for constrained devices:
– JerryScript engine featured in: IoT.js, Zephyr.js (on Linux or Zephyr kernel), RIOT
● Tizen:RT is supporting IoT.js (based on NuttX kernel)
– Others JS: ducktape, Espruino, MuJS, tiny-js, v7/mjs, quad-wheel
● Alternatives: Johnny Five, CyclonJS, Ruff, Micro Python or many RTOS

Installing IoT.js runtime
● Rebuild for OS/Hardware:
– https://github.com/Samsung/iotjs/
● Or install for Raspberry Pi 0+
– download .deb package
– https://dl.bintray.com/rzr/
● Write hello world & run it:
Hello IoT.js
{
"env": { //...
"IOTJS_ENV": "",
"IOTJS_EXTRA_MODULE_PATH":
""
},
"builtin_modules": { //...
"platform": "linux", (...) }
"iotjs": {
"board": ""
},
"argv": [
"iotjs",
"demo.js"
],
// (...)
}
● cat demo.js
console.log(“Hello IoT.js”)
console.log(process)
● iotjs demo.js

Connectivity and protocols
● Different contexts:
– Permanent or intermittent connected ?
– Single of both way channels?
– Topologies & architectures: Mesh/P2P, Star, Gateway, Cloud centric...
– Fixed or moving ? Wired or Radio ?
● Personal (Bluetooth, BLE, NFC), Local (Ethernet, WiFi, Zigbee, Zwave, Thread, 6loWPAN)
● City (DSL, Cellular, WiMax, 5G, LPWAN, NB-IoT, V2X), Region, Global (Sat)
● No single protocols !
– Publisher/ Subscriber: MQTT
– Request/Response: HTTP/S, RESTful API, CoAP, IoTivity
– Real time: plain sockets, WebSockets
● Will be somehow visible/monitored/controlled using Internet technologies (browsers, apps)

Example: Using IoT.js’ HTTP module
●
Post message to mastodon micro blogging service
– Create account on: https://instances.social
● Or use nodejs’s NPM: https://www.npmjs.com/package/mastodon-lite
● Try many WebServices, APIs
– Examples: Rennes OpenData, PSA’s Connected Car
– https://www.programmableweb.com/apis/directory
var config = {
method: “POST”,
hostname : 'mastodon.social',
port : 443,
path: “/api/v1/statuses”,
headers: {...(access_token)...}
}
http.request(config,
function(res) {
receive(res, callback);
}).end();
git clone https://github.com/rzr/mastodon-lite
cd mastodon-lite
IOTJS_EXTRA_MODULE_PATH=.
iotjs main.js
"Hi @TizenHelper from #IotJs"

Physical world and Input/Output
● Analog: Measured phenomena
– Physics, Chemicals, Probabilities
● Digital: States (ON/OFF)
– →Several bits
● Analog↔Digital conversion
– Quantification
● Time matters
– Periodic (frequencies)
● Sensors and actuators
● I/O Pins
– GPIO: General Input (or) Output
●
Numeric: 3.3v = 1 , 0v = 0
●
Used for input: buttons, switch
– or output: relay, LED, lights
– PWM: Pulse width modulation
● Pulse signal (frequency)
●
Used for buzzer, motors, dimmed LED
– UART: Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
●
Serial line: Send (TX) / Receive (RX) data
●
Speed in baud (bit per second)
●
Used for console, modems, peripheral MCU
– I2C & SPI buses
●
Used for chips (ADC/DAC, sensors, memory)

Using generic sensors
● Easy High level abstractions of sensors for Node.js or IoT.js:
git clone https://github.com/rzr/generic-sensors-lite
● + Temperature (BMPx80), gaz (MQ), accelerometer, proximity….
var ambientlight = new GenericSensors.AmbientLight({ frequency: 1 });
ambientlight.onreading = function() {
console.log("log: ambientlight: " + ambientlight.illuminance);
};
iotjs example
log: ambientlight: 42
...
pulls bh1750
patched NPM module
(for iotjs’s i2c API)

Standards and interoperability
● Web success:
– Common protocol:
● HTTP based on IP
– With network neutrality
– Common data models
● HTML/XML (subset of SGML)
– Working implementation
● Web browsers
– = Massive adoption by humans
● IoT challenges:
– Interoperability between
● protocols:
– Seamless connectivity
– Support non IP networks
● products & API:
– What is a lamp ?
● How to turn it on/off?
– Easy and Reliable
● Secure & Privacy friendly

Automotive Hackathon challenge
● Embed a computer on Vehicle
– expose some vehicle data,
● RPM, sensor, position, speed, ...
– to nearby devices:
● phone, tablet, others...
● Using JS & web standards
– WebSockets
– RESTful:
● HTTP(s), OCF/IoTivity
● Along existing FLOSS:
– Avoid “Not Invented Here” (NIH)
● Automotive projects/communities:
– W3C: Vehicle Information S, WoT
● https://www.w3.org/TR/
● http://schema.org/Car
– Automotive Grade Linux (AGL):
● https://www.automotivelinux.org/
– GENIVI:
● https://www.genivi.org/
– Open Connectivity: ocf-automotive
● https://wiki.iotivity.org/automotive

Samsung Open Source Group 15
“Any sufficiently
advanced technology
is indistinguishable
from magic.”
~ Arthur C. Clarke

Samsung Open Source Group 16 https://fosdem.org/2018/schedule/event/tizen_rt/
DIY: mobile air quality monitor, and beyond?
Demo code (WIP):
https://github.com/rzr/TizenRT
LoRaLoRa
LoRa
LoRa
GPS
GPS
OCFOCF
OCF
OCF

Samsung Open Source Group 17 https://fosdem.org/2018/schedule/event/tizen_rt/
Showcase: Tizen:RT, LoRaWAN, IoT.js
https://youtu.be/S7zpBpnpflU#tizen-rt-lpwan-20180204rzr
● https://my.wirelessthings.be/index.php/device/device_view/1229

18 #LFALS
Showcase: SmartHome+Automotive #CES2017
https://youtu.be/3d0uZE6lHvo#smarthome-ces2017

References
● Entry points:
– http://iotjs.net
● More:
– https://fosdem.org/2018/schedule/track/internet_of_things/
– https://blogs.s-osg.org/?s=iotjs
– http://wiki.iotivity.org/automotive
● Keep in touch online:
– https://blogs.s-osg.org/author/pcoval/
– https://wiki.tizen.org/wiki/Meeting

Thanks / Merci
Contact:
https://wiki.tizen.org/wiki/User:Pcoval
Resources: flaticons CC

Easy IoT with JavaScript

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