Tech-Forward - Achieving Business Readiness For Copilot in Microsoft 365
Earthquake jig cards
1. STUDENT 1: Expert card
What is an earthquake?
Earthquakes are the shaking, sudden shock of the earth’s surface. They are
the Earth's natural ways of releasing stress. More than a million earthquakes happen the world
each year. The USA’s West Coast is most at risk of having an earthquake, but earthquakes can
happen in the Midwest and along the East Coast. Earthquakes can be felt over large areas but
they usually last less than one minute. Earthquakes cannot be predicted!
Language tips:
To shake: o make lots of quick small movements up and down, or side to side
Sudden: happening very quickly and without any sign that it is going to happen
To release: to liberate, to allow something to be free.
Felt: past participle of “to feel”. Here it has the meaning of being noticed, to become conscious
of something by seeing or hearing them
2. STUDENT 2: Expert card
What causes an earthquake?
There are about 20 plates along the surface of the earth that move
continuously and slowly. When the plates squeeze (press each other) or stretch,
huge rocks form at their edges and the rocks shift with great force, causing an earthquake.
Think of it this way: Imagine holding a pencil horizontally. If you apply a force to both ends of
the pencil by pushing down on them, you will see the pencil bend. After applying enough force,
the pencil will break in the middle, releasing the stress you have put on it.
The Earth's crust acts in the same way. As the plates move, they put forces on themselves and
each other. When the force is large enough, the crust is forced to break.
When the break occurs, the stress is released as energy, which moves through the Earth in
the form of waves , which we feel and call an earthquake.
Language tips:
Stretch: to become wider or longer.
Edge: the part of something that is furthest from its centre
To release: to liberate, to allow something to be free.
Feel: Here, it has the meaning of being noticed, to become conscious of something by seeing or
hearing them.
3. STUDENT 3: Expert card
What are plate tectonics?
The theory of plate tectonics is an interesting story of continents
moving slowly from place to place breaking apart, colliding, and touching each
other. Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes are all results of the plates moving. The plate
tectonic theory is supported by a wide range of evidence that considers the earth's crust
and upper mantle to be composed of several large, thin, relatively rigid
plates that move relative to one another. The plates are all moving in different directions and
at different speeds. Sometimes the plates crash together or pull apart. When this happens, it
commonly results in earthquakes.
Language tips:
To collide: to crash (SEE TO CRASH)
Evidence: facts or physical signs that help to prove something
Direction: the path that someone or something moves. For example, you can go to the South or
to the North (direction).
Speed: Velocity
Crash: shock, hit something. Sometimes, the road accidents are due to that one car crashes
into another.
Pull apart: separate.
4. STUDENT 4: Expert card
EPICENTER - The point on the earth's surface directly above the source of
the earthquake.
SEISMIC WAVES – A wave that travels from the epicenter, where they are the strongest,
through the Earth, often as the result of an earthquake or explosion. The waves shake
buildings, structures and the earth vertically, causing them to move horizontally!
RICHTER SCALE – A mathematical technique used to quantify the size of earthquakes.
Developed in 1935 by Charles Richter. One point on the scale indicates that the energy has
increased 33 times. The energy released by a large earthquake may be equal to 10.000 times
the energy of the first atomic bomb.
SEISMOGRAPH – A device used by seismologists to record seismic waves.
Language tips:
Above: at a higher level
To shake: o make lots of quick small movements up and down, or side to side
Vertically: Horizontally
To quantify: to measure
To release: to liberate, to allow something to be free.
