The document summarizes the establishment of early Christian churches in Malawi by different denominations. The Universities Mission to Central Africa (UMCA), founded in 1857, was the first to start missionary work in Malawi in 1861 under Bishop Charles Mackenzie among the Mang'anja people. Following the UMCA's withdrawal, Scottish missionaries established stations including Livingstonia, Cape Maclear, Bandawe, Ngoni, Khondowe, and Blantyre. The Dutch Reformed Church originated in Holland and was first established in Malawi at Mvera in 1889. The Roman Catholic missions were initially supported by Portugal and included orders from France like the White Fathers and Montfort Marist Fathers who arrived