Overview of Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking and Security Architecture in DTN.

1. Dr. M Nasir Mumtaz Bhutta
Institute of Computing
Bahauddin Zakariya University
Multan, Punjab, 60,000
Pakistan
Email: nasir.bhutta@bzu.edu.pk
www.bzu.edu.pk
Introduction to Secure
Delay/Disruption Tolerant
Networks
21 January 2015

2. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk2
 Introduction to Delay/Disruption Tolerant
Networking (DTN).
 Overview of Security Architecture in DTN:
• Hop-by-Hop Authentication and Integrity.
• End-to-End Authentication and Integrity.
• End-to-End Confidentiality.
 Requirements of Key Management in DTN.
Objectives

3. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk3
Introduction to DTN
 Wired, TCP/IP based internet is no doubt
a success.
 Some design assumptions and
characteristics of TCP/IP based internet
are:
• Devices are always connected.
• Data loss rate is comparatively low.
• Small round trip times. etc

4. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk4
Wireless Networks Applications
 With advancement in wireless technology new
kinds of networks have grown/growing. For
example,
• Satellite Networks
• Sensor Networks
• Ad-hoc networks
• Mobile Phone Networks
• Vehicular Networks etc.
 In wired internet, some new applications are
also developing which are different from
traditional internet. For example, Peer-to-Peer
networks etc.

5. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk5
Future Internetworking

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Future Networking Issues
 Characteristics of these wireless networks
are different from wired networks and also
vary within different domains as well.
Some characteristics are as follows:
• High Loss rate
• Large and/or variable delays.
• Links are not always connected,
Disconnectivity”.

7. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk7
Future Networking Issues
(continued)
 Heterogeneity
• Sensor networks are very low powered
devices and usually delays tolerant (e.g.
monitoring applications).
• Satellite are long delayed networks (e.g. inter
planet networks).
• Mobile phone networks have their own
characteristics (mobility).
• Adhoc have variable disconnectivity.

8. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk8
Solutions
 TCP/IP without modification
• Maximum RTT = 2 mins (high delays ?)
• Lossy links (Congestion Control ?)
• Sensor Networks (Low Powered devices ?)
• Mobile Phone networks (Better Performance &
Handoffs ?)
 TCP with Modifications
• Have to solve each individual problem (e.g. Long
delays, applications on top of TCP, IPSec etc).

9. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk9
Solutions (continued..)
 Overlay networking approach
• Different protocols have been developed for
different networks (Heterogeneity will be
solved).
• Long and variable delays, high loss rate, and
disconnectivity need to be handled on upper
layer than TCP to give better performance.
• Here DTN comes..

10. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk10
Overview of DTN
• DTN is an overlay
network which runs
on top of existing
different networks to
better handle high &
variable delays,
disruptions.
• It introduces new
layer called bundle
layer on top of TCP
layer in TCP/IP stack.
Node Router Gateway
Persistent storage Optional Application Layer
Physical A
Link A
Network A
Transport A
Bundle
Application
Physical A
Link A
Network A
Transport A
Physical A
Link A
Network A
Transport A
Bundle
Application
Physical B
Link B
Network B
Transport B
Physical A
Link A
Network A
Transport A
Bundle
Application

11. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk11
High Delays/Disruptions and DTN
• High delays/disruptions are handled using
custodian transfer on bundle layer.

12. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk12
Heterogeneous Networks and DTN
• Different protocols family runs in
different region.

13. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk13
Security Architecture in DTN
 Security Architecture for Internet (IPSec)
can not be used with DTN for provision of
security services.
 Some highlighted issues for using with
DTN are as follows:
• Very chatty in nature.
• Intermediate devices will have conflict with
IPSec.
• Cross-Layer Optimization will not work for
IPSec. etc.

14. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk14
Security Architecture in DTN
(continued..)
 DTN security architecture use its own idea
compliant with DTN networking
architecture for security services.
 The security goals are given below:
• Hop-by-Hop integrity.
• Hop-by-Hop Authentication.
• End-to-End Integrity.
• End-to-End Authentication.
• End-to-End Confidentiality.

15. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk15
Hop-by-Hop Integrity and
Authentication.

16. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk16
End-to-End Integrity

17. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk17
End-to-End Confidentiality

18. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk18
Key Management in DTN
 For secure and efficient key management for
DTN, following are some of the requirements.
• Key management should be communication efficient
and computational efficiency should also be taken
into consideration. Key Transport will be more
suitable
• Should support the DTN security architecture
functionality and components. Public Key
Cryptography should be supported.

19. Dr. M N M Bhutta www.bzu.edu.pk19
Thanks for listening !
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