Presentation by Arthur van Dam (Deltares) at the Delft3D - User Days (Day 1: Hydrology and hydrodynamics), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2018. Monday, 12 November 2018, Delft.

1. Latest developments in hydrology -
hydrodynamic modelling using the
Delft3D FM Suite
Arthur van Dam and Mark Hegnauer

2. Modelling from catchment to coast
12 November 2018

3. Extreme weather: time and place matters
Evacuating people as the early effects of Hurricane Sandy are felt in the Red
Hook neighborhood of Brooklyn (EPA)

4. Water availability in 2018
12 November 2018

5. Water availability in 2018
12 November 2018

6. Water availability in 2018
Precipitation deficit in The Netherlands in 2018
Nationwide average over 13 stations
5% most dry years
Median
Record year 1976
Year 2018: currently 296 mm

7. 2018 Innovation projects
4 options for hydrological modelling with Delft3D FM

8. 0) Distributed hydrology (do it all in the D-Flow FM module)
1) Lumped hydrology: domain coupling with RR
2) Fully distributed with MetaSWAP and MODFLOW
3) Distributed hydrology: vertical coupling with wflow
4) Distributed hydrology: domain coupling with wflow
4 options for hydrological modelling with Delft3D FM
1. 2.3.4.

9. Option 0: Do it all in the D-Flow FM module
Fully distributed: grid covering entire domain, and all
interception/evaporation/infiltration/etc. computed by D-Flow FM
Movie by Herman Kernkamp

10. Software development

11. Option 1: Lumped hydrology: domain coupling with RR
12 November 2018
- RR-unpaved ( id 1) and RR-Sacramento ( id 2)
- Coupled to 1D laterals with id 5 and 6
- 1D channel
- trapezoidal cross-section
- upstream boundary (id 3) Q=1 m3/s
- downstream boundary (id 4) h=1m
Joint work with Geert Prinsen
and Martijn Russcher

12. Lumped concepts, known from SOBEK RR
Coupled with D-Flow FM module
(online/in timeloop)
Only lumped or semi-distributed modelling,
using concepts like Sacramento, HBV,
Walrus, polder model with Capsim,
HWRW Urban runoff model, SCS, ..
Option 1: Lumped hydrology: domain coupling with RR
DIMR
DIMR-configuratie
Lumped concepts
Initialize
Perform_
Timestep
Finalize
Set (varId)
Get (varId)
D-Flow FM (1D-2D-3D)
timeloop
Initialize
Perform_
Timestep
Finalize
Set (varId)
Get (varId)

13. Option 1: Impact on-line coupling depends on lumped concept
- RR-Sacramento: not depending on 1D water level
- RR-Unpaved: there is impact of 1D water level
- Test using constant water level 0.0 or on-line level
from D-Flow FM (1D), approximately 1.0

14. 12 November 2018
Whole simulation Detail – zoomed in
Conclusion: It works!
D-Flow FM - RR on-line coupled gives very similar results as
SOBEK 1DFLOW - RR combination (but not identical)
SOBEK-RR, no on-line coupling
SOBEK, on-line 1D level
D-Flow FM on-line
coupled to RR
Option 1: Comparison: Delft3D FM Suite and SOBEK 2 Suite

15. Option 1: Lumped RR in practice: Westamstel
6 december 2018

16. 1D surface water
2D surface water
2D unsaturated zone
(soil moisture)
2D/3D groundwater
Option 2: Fully distributed with MetaSWAP and MODFLOW
Detailed coupling “LUMBRICUS” project

17. 12 November 2018
Option 2: Fully distributed with MetaSWAP and MODFLOW

18. From: the Lumbricus project
Option 2: Fully distributed with MetaSWAP and MODFLOW

19. Option 3 and 4: Coupling with wflow
▪ Distributed hydrology: vertical coupling with wflow
▪ Distributed hydrology: domain coupling with wflow
wflow = An open source hydrological modelling framework
Key strengths:
▪ Directly links to available (gridded) datasets
▪ Multiple hydrological concepts included
▪ Open Source – easy to work together / share knowledge
▪ Strongly linked to other products, modules, platforms and tools
(e.g. MODFLOW (BMI), Delft-FEWS (wflow-adapter) and
OpenDA (BMI))
12 November 2018
Connectivity via:
▪ BMI
▪ NETCDF-CF
▪ Open standards

20. Usage of the wflow framework
wflow is used by Universities, Research Institutes, Consultants and
Governments around the world
12 November 2018
wflow model available

21. Example projects using wflow
▪ “RWSOS Rivieren” (forecasting Rhine / Meuse flows into
The Netherlands)
▪ Indonesia (nation wide water availability)
▪ Sava Flood Forecasting System (forecasting)
▪ Ganga River Basin Model for strategic basin planning (IWRM)

22. What is wflow?
A hydrological modelling framework:
▪ Based on PCRaster / Python framework
▪ Fully distributed hydrological model
▪ Different hydrological concepts available
▪ HBV
▪ SBM
▪ FlexTopo (beta)
▪ W3RA
▪ PCRGLOB-WB
▪ Different modules available:
▪ Routing module
▪ (Simple) reservoirs module
▪ Crop growth module (LINTUL)

23. Characteristics of the wflow model
▪ Grid based hydrological modelling
12 November 2018
Snowpack simulation in Albania Runoff simulation in France

24. Goal:
▪ Better description of hydrological
processes in Delft3D FM Suite
▪ Sharing code in a hydrological
library
▪ Experiment with hydrological
modelling on unstructured grids
12 November 2018
Option 3: Distributed hydrology: vertical coupling with wflow
wflow
wflow framework
• Kinematic wave
• Sub-surface flow
• Reservoir module
• …
Delft3D FM Suite
framework
• Dynamic wave
• 1D network
• 2D grids
• …
Hydrological lib
• Snowmelt
• Interception
• Evaporation
• Infiltration
• Percolation
• …

25. Goal:
▪ “From catchment to coast” models
▪ Simulate each process with the right model
wflow
D-Flow FM
Option 4: Distributed hydrology: domain coupling with wflow

26. More information
Open Source Software portal:
▪ https://oss.deltares.nl/web/delft3dfm
▪ https://oss.deltares.nl/web/wflow
Online technical documentation wflow:
▪ http://wflow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
12 November 2018