This is a systemic or complex analysis of laundry in general and washing machines in particular. This is how we are approaching advanced design studios at Tec de Monterrey in Queretaro, Mexico.
The document discusses a study conducted in Genk, Belgium to test attitudes towards gender roles and work. Researchers printed provocative statements about gender and work on t-shirts and displayed them in the city center, then interviewed citizens about their opinions. Most people were initially uncomfortable discussing the topic individually but opened up in groups. The conclusions were that society is more open to gender equality than initially thought, but not all women realize how accepted working is among others in Genk. Future plans include further testing attitudes before and after an intervention, and distributing quotes on laundry pins to individuals.
Surfactants are molecules that are attracted to water on one end and water-repelling substances on the other. They have a hydrophobic tail that bonds to oil and dirt, and a hydrophilic head that bonds to water molecules. Builders like phosphates are used to raise the pH of the solution and help surfactants get through fats and grease. Hard water contains more minerals like magnesium and calcium that prevent soap from lathering effectively, while soft water contains only sodium and allows for better cleaning. Enzymes and sequestering agents also play roles in the chemistry of laundry detergent.
This document discusses commercial and in-house hotel laundries. It defines laundry as a place for washing and finishing clothes and linens. Commercial laundries cater to hotels on a contract basis, while in-house laundries are situated on the hotel's premises to provide quality service. The document describes various equipment used in hotel laundries, including washing machines, hydro-extractors, cuff and collar presses, steam cabinets, folding machines, and carts/trolleys for transporting linens.
Practise Laundry Cycle in Laundry Operationiffah_dhk
This document discusses the laundry operation process from collecting soiled linen to storage. It involves sorting linen by degree of soiling and color, stain removal, washing using water, chemicals and considering cycle length, temperature and water level. Drying uses hot air or airing to dry linen. Ironing or pressing is done for some items. Folding is mostly manual and important for appearance and storage. Storage involves proper rotation to increase linen lifespan.
This chapter discusses heart-of-the-house operations at resorts including food and beverage, housekeeping, laundry, and valet services. It covers the organization of kitchens and menus, factors in housekeeping standards, options for meeting laundry needs, and procedures for services like turndown and valet. The chapter also addresses trends, equipment, and factors to consider in planning these essential operational areas for resorts.
The document provides information on basic laundry products and techniques for washing, drying, and cleaning clothes. It discusses the differences between soap and detergent, bleach types, fabric softener, and separating laundry by color and fabric. Tips are given for washing, such as checking pockets, using appropriate temperatures, and not overloading the dryer. Drying can be done in a machine or by line drying. Ironing techniques include selecting the right temperature and waiting for steam to heat up. Dry cleaning uses solvents instead of water and should be done professionally for delicate fabrics.
The passage discusses the importance of summarization in an age of information overload. It notes that with the massive amounts of data available online, being able to quickly understand the key points of lengthy documents, articles, or reports is crucial. The ability to produce clear, concise summaries helps people save time by getting the gist of new information without having to read entire lengthy sources.
This is a systemic or complex analysis of laundry in general and washing machines in particular. This is how we are approaching advanced design studios at Tec de Monterrey in Queretaro, Mexico.
The document discusses a study conducted in Genk, Belgium to test attitudes towards gender roles and work. Researchers printed provocative statements about gender and work on t-shirts and displayed them in the city center, then interviewed citizens about their opinions. Most people were initially uncomfortable discussing the topic individually but opened up in groups. The conclusions were that society is more open to gender equality than initially thought, but not all women realize how accepted working is among others in Genk. Future plans include further testing attitudes before and after an intervention, and distributing quotes on laundry pins to individuals.
Surfactants are molecules that are attracted to water on one end and water-repelling substances on the other. They have a hydrophobic tail that bonds to oil and dirt, and a hydrophilic head that bonds to water molecules. Builders like phosphates are used to raise the pH of the solution and help surfactants get through fats and grease. Hard water contains more minerals like magnesium and calcium that prevent soap from lathering effectively, while soft water contains only sodium and allows for better cleaning. Enzymes and sequestering agents also play roles in the chemistry of laundry detergent.
This document discusses commercial and in-house hotel laundries. It defines laundry as a place for washing and finishing clothes and linens. Commercial laundries cater to hotels on a contract basis, while in-house laundries are situated on the hotel's premises to provide quality service. The document describes various equipment used in hotel laundries, including washing machines, hydro-extractors, cuff and collar presses, steam cabinets, folding machines, and carts/trolleys for transporting linens.
Practise Laundry Cycle in Laundry Operationiffah_dhk
This document discusses the laundry operation process from collecting soiled linen to storage. It involves sorting linen by degree of soiling and color, stain removal, washing using water, chemicals and considering cycle length, temperature and water level. Drying uses hot air or airing to dry linen. Ironing or pressing is done for some items. Folding is mostly manual and important for appearance and storage. Storage involves proper rotation to increase linen lifespan.
This chapter discusses heart-of-the-house operations at resorts including food and beverage, housekeeping, laundry, and valet services. It covers the organization of kitchens and menus, factors in housekeeping standards, options for meeting laundry needs, and procedures for services like turndown and valet. The chapter also addresses trends, equipment, and factors to consider in planning these essential operational areas for resorts.
The document provides information on basic laundry products and techniques for washing, drying, and cleaning clothes. It discusses the differences between soap and detergent, bleach types, fabric softener, and separating laundry by color and fabric. Tips are given for washing, such as checking pockets, using appropriate temperatures, and not overloading the dryer. Drying can be done in a machine or by line drying. Ironing techniques include selecting the right temperature and waiting for steam to heat up. Dry cleaning uses solvents instead of water and should be done professionally for delicate fabrics.
The passage discusses the importance of summarization in an age of information overload. It notes that with the massive amounts of data available online, being able to quickly understand the key points of lengthy documents, articles, or reports is crucial. The ability to produce clear, concise summaries helps people save time by getting the gist of new information without having to read entire lengthy sources.
IPSO - Industrial & Commercial Laundry EquipmentOvanes Kerian
http://www.automated-laundry.com/commercial - For on-premises laundries that need to get the job done, on time and on budget, there’s no better choice than IPSO.® Every machine we manufacture features more than 40 years of European ingenuity.
The document discusses various types of fabric finishes including:
- Resin finishes which increase the intermolecular rigidity of cellulosic fabrics like cotton to reduce creasing.
- Glazed finishes which produce a highly polished surface using calendaring.
- Moire finishes which create a wood grain or watermarked appearance.
- Pleated finishes which can be produced by hand folding or using patterned papers and machine blades.
- Embroidered finishes which involve decorating fabrics with surface-applied thread by hand or machine.
- Parchmentized finishes which make cotton fabrics transparent, stiff and sheer through sulfuric acid treatment.
This document provides an overview of textile and garment finishing methods. It discusses what finishing is and how it can give textiles desirable appearance, feel, and durable properties. Finishing methods are classified as either physical/mechanical or chemical finishes. Specific finishing methods covered include calendering, sanforizing, decating, napping, water repellent finishes, and washes. The document explains how each method works and what properties it imparts to textiles.
This document provides information on textile finishing processes. It begins by explaining that finishing is the final process given to textiles to improve appearance, feel, and functionality. It then classifies finishing according to the type of finish (physical/mechanical vs. chemical), degree of permanence (permanent, durable, semi-durable, temporary), and performance impact (aesthetic vs. functional). Specific finishing processes are defined, like compacting, decating, water repellent finishes using paraffin wax, silicones and fluorochemicals. The document also discusses flame retardant finishes and calendaring.
Fabric finishes are applied after fabric production to improve appearance, feel, or properties. Aesthetic finishes influence texture, luster, drape, and hand. Calendering uses rollers to impart finishes like glazing, moire, or embossing. Other techniques include brushing, shearing, and flocking to modify texture. Functional finishes provide benefits like wrinkle resistance or stain release. A fabric's fiber content and construction determine suitable finishing methods.
DICE verbeterd: van registratie naar analyse Renate van Leijen, Specialist Ve...Collectiewijzer
DICE verbeterd: van registratie naar analyse
Renate van Leijen, Specialist Veilig Erfgoed, Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, Amersfoort
Voor het registreren van incidenten in de erfgoedsector bestaat sinds 2006 de Database Incidenten Cultureel Erfgoed. De eerste periode heeft het Haags Preventienetwerk als proefkonijn gefungeerd om te bezien hoe de database werkte. Daarna is de database opengesteld voor alle erfgoedbeheerders in ons land. Vijf jaar later komt de database onder beheer van de Rijksdienst die besloten heeft de database te herzien. Er wordt meer functionaliteit aangebracht waarmee bijvoorbeeld het maken van overzichten van de eigen incidenten tot de mogelijkheden behoort. Op landelijk niveau geeft het invoeren van incidenten in DICE een overzicht van wat er gebeurt in de erfgoedsector. De Rijksdienst kan met de gegevens uit DICE inzicht geven in oorzaken van schades en in het functioneren van maatregelen.
Resultaten inspectie integrale veiligheidszorg Nina Duggen en Guido Boudewijn...Collectiewijzer
De Erfgoedinspectie heeft dit jaar een onderzoek naar de integrale veiligheidszorg bij rijksgesubsidieerde collectiebeheerders uitgevoerd. Aanleiding voor de inspectie was onder andere de prestatieafspraak van het Ministerie van OCW met de musea om per 1 januari 2011 over een integraal veiligheidsplan te beschikken.
Het onderzoek in de vorm van een quick scan bestond uit een digitale vragenlijst (webbased survey) die aan 38 instellingen werd verstuurd. De geanonimiseerde resultaten van deze inspectie en eerdere gegevens over veiligheidszorg worden tijdens deze landelijke netwerkdag gepresenteerd.
Crises gecommuniceerd Jan Bos, Senior onderzoeker-adviseur, COT Instituut voo...Collectiewijzer
Crises vragen het uiterste van organisaties. Hoewel crises zich in allerlei gedaanten kunnen voordoen, van reputatiecrises of fraude tot rampen als branden en overstromingen, geldt voor het managen van crises dat er een aantal basisprincipes geldt. Crises kennen over het algemeen dezelfde kenmerken: dreiging, urgentie en onzekerheid. De respons op crises is gebaseerd op deze steeds terugkerende kenmerken. In de presentatie staat het communiceren over crises centraal. Aan de hand van een beeld van de kenmerken van crises, dominante trends, symbolen en rituelen, wordt ingegaan op de wijze waarop organisaties een crisis communicatief kunnen aanpakken. Hierbij wordt ingegaan op de 'constructie' van een crisis, doel en inhoud van crisiscommunicatie, crisiscommunicatiestrategie en de rol van de media. Tot slot bezien we de rollen van (culturele) instellingen tijdens crises.
Het Haags Preventienetwerk: een geslaagd experiment Charlotte Eymael, Hoofda...Collectiewijzer
In vogelvlucht wordt ingegaan op de geschiedenis van het Haagse Pilot project, dat in 2002 is gestart en op het functioneren van uit dit initiatief voortgekomen Haagse Preventienetwerk. Welke initiatieven heeft het Haagse netwerk in zijn nu bijna
10-jarig bestaan ontwikkeld en welke resultaten heeft het bereikt. Verschillende aspecten zullen kort belicht worden, waaronder de gezamenlijke ‘worsteling’ bij de totstandkoming van mooie CHV-plannen, van prioriteitenlijsten en nuttige brandoefeningen onder auspiciën van de brandweer. En, last but not least, hoe kunnen we als netwerk elkaar blijven adviseren en ondersteunen.
Drs. M. Peek, Risk Map: tool for Collection Risk ManagementCollectiewijzer
Peek, M.F.J., Risk Map: tool for Collection Risk Management, presentatie tijdens het congres ‘Museum security: problems, trends and solutions’, georganiseerd door International Committee on Museum Security (ICMS/ICOM), in Musée de la Civilisation du Québec en Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Canada, 16 september 2009.
IPSO - Industrial & Commercial Laundry EquipmentOvanes Kerian
http://www.automated-laundry.com/commercial - For on-premises laundries that need to get the job done, on time and on budget, there’s no better choice than IPSO.® Every machine we manufacture features more than 40 years of European ingenuity.
The document discusses various types of fabric finishes including:
- Resin finishes which increase the intermolecular rigidity of cellulosic fabrics like cotton to reduce creasing.
- Glazed finishes which produce a highly polished surface using calendaring.
- Moire finishes which create a wood grain or watermarked appearance.
- Pleated finishes which can be produced by hand folding or using patterned papers and machine blades.
- Embroidered finishes which involve decorating fabrics with surface-applied thread by hand or machine.
- Parchmentized finishes which make cotton fabrics transparent, stiff and sheer through sulfuric acid treatment.
This document provides an overview of textile and garment finishing methods. It discusses what finishing is and how it can give textiles desirable appearance, feel, and durable properties. Finishing methods are classified as either physical/mechanical or chemical finishes. Specific finishing methods covered include calendering, sanforizing, decating, napping, water repellent finishes, and washes. The document explains how each method works and what properties it imparts to textiles.
This document provides information on textile finishing processes. It begins by explaining that finishing is the final process given to textiles to improve appearance, feel, and functionality. It then classifies finishing according to the type of finish (physical/mechanical vs. chemical), degree of permanence (permanent, durable, semi-durable, temporary), and performance impact (aesthetic vs. functional). Specific finishing processes are defined, like compacting, decating, water repellent finishes using paraffin wax, silicones and fluorochemicals. The document also discusses flame retardant finishes and calendaring.
Fabric finishes are applied after fabric production to improve appearance, feel, or properties. Aesthetic finishes influence texture, luster, drape, and hand. Calendering uses rollers to impart finishes like glazing, moire, or embossing. Other techniques include brushing, shearing, and flocking to modify texture. Functional finishes provide benefits like wrinkle resistance or stain release. A fabric's fiber content and construction determine suitable finishing methods.
DICE verbeterd: van registratie naar analyse Renate van Leijen, Specialist Ve...Collectiewijzer
DICE verbeterd: van registratie naar analyse
Renate van Leijen, Specialist Veilig Erfgoed, Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, Amersfoort
Voor het registreren van incidenten in de erfgoedsector bestaat sinds 2006 de Database Incidenten Cultureel Erfgoed. De eerste periode heeft het Haags Preventienetwerk als proefkonijn gefungeerd om te bezien hoe de database werkte. Daarna is de database opengesteld voor alle erfgoedbeheerders in ons land. Vijf jaar later komt de database onder beheer van de Rijksdienst die besloten heeft de database te herzien. Er wordt meer functionaliteit aangebracht waarmee bijvoorbeeld het maken van overzichten van de eigen incidenten tot de mogelijkheden behoort. Op landelijk niveau geeft het invoeren van incidenten in DICE een overzicht van wat er gebeurt in de erfgoedsector. De Rijksdienst kan met de gegevens uit DICE inzicht geven in oorzaken van schades en in het functioneren van maatregelen.
Resultaten inspectie integrale veiligheidszorg Nina Duggen en Guido Boudewijn...Collectiewijzer
De Erfgoedinspectie heeft dit jaar een onderzoek naar de integrale veiligheidszorg bij rijksgesubsidieerde collectiebeheerders uitgevoerd. Aanleiding voor de inspectie was onder andere de prestatieafspraak van het Ministerie van OCW met de musea om per 1 januari 2011 over een integraal veiligheidsplan te beschikken.
Het onderzoek in de vorm van een quick scan bestond uit een digitale vragenlijst (webbased survey) die aan 38 instellingen werd verstuurd. De geanonimiseerde resultaten van deze inspectie en eerdere gegevens over veiligheidszorg worden tijdens deze landelijke netwerkdag gepresenteerd.
Crises gecommuniceerd Jan Bos, Senior onderzoeker-adviseur, COT Instituut voo...Collectiewijzer
Crises vragen het uiterste van organisaties. Hoewel crises zich in allerlei gedaanten kunnen voordoen, van reputatiecrises of fraude tot rampen als branden en overstromingen, geldt voor het managen van crises dat er een aantal basisprincipes geldt. Crises kennen over het algemeen dezelfde kenmerken: dreiging, urgentie en onzekerheid. De respons op crises is gebaseerd op deze steeds terugkerende kenmerken. In de presentatie staat het communiceren over crises centraal. Aan de hand van een beeld van de kenmerken van crises, dominante trends, symbolen en rituelen, wordt ingegaan op de wijze waarop organisaties een crisis communicatief kunnen aanpakken. Hierbij wordt ingegaan op de 'constructie' van een crisis, doel en inhoud van crisiscommunicatie, crisiscommunicatiestrategie en de rol van de media. Tot slot bezien we de rollen van (culturele) instellingen tijdens crises.
Het Haags Preventienetwerk: een geslaagd experiment Charlotte Eymael, Hoofda...Collectiewijzer
In vogelvlucht wordt ingegaan op de geschiedenis van het Haagse Pilot project, dat in 2002 is gestart en op het functioneren van uit dit initiatief voortgekomen Haagse Preventienetwerk. Welke initiatieven heeft het Haagse netwerk in zijn nu bijna
10-jarig bestaan ontwikkeld en welke resultaten heeft het bereikt. Verschillende aspecten zullen kort belicht worden, waaronder de gezamenlijke ‘worsteling’ bij de totstandkoming van mooie CHV-plannen, van prioriteitenlijsten en nuttige brandoefeningen onder auspiciën van de brandweer. En, last but not least, hoe kunnen we als netwerk elkaar blijven adviseren en ondersteunen.
Drs. M. Peek, Risk Map: tool for Collection Risk ManagementCollectiewijzer
Peek, M.F.J., Risk Map: tool for Collection Risk Management, presentatie tijdens het congres ‘Museum security: problems, trends and solutions’, georganiseerd door International Committee on Museum Security (ICMS/ICOM), in Musée de la Civilisation du Québec en Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, Canada, 16 september 2009.
1. Dry cleaning products analysed and tested at the Netherlands Institute of Cultural Heritage
Henk van Keulen, Suzan de Groot, Marjolein Groot Wassink, Ineke Joosten, Maude Daudin, Amsterdam, October 2009
This table lists a range of cleaning products that may be used by paintings conservators. Except for the PVA sponges all products were tested dry. The products were obtained from the suppliers mentioned.
The chemical content of the products was analysed. The residues on or in the surface of an oil paint layer were investigated. The handling and cleaning power of the products
were assessed based on tests performed on unvarnished aged oil paint layers. Special attention should be given to the remarks in the red rectangles; these concern specific remarks or concerns regarding the use of the products.
Part of this table will be published in an article in preparation by Maude Daudin, Madeleine Bisschoff, Henk van Keulen, Marjolein Groot Wassink, Suzan de Groot, Ineke Joosten, Maarten van Bommel and Klaas Jan van den Berg
Disclaimer:
All information in this table, from literature and our own experiments, were gathered with the best of the authors' knowledge. ICN nor the contributors to this table will be held
responsible for any faults or problems that might arise from the use of this information.
ICN intends to keep this table updated regularly and to spread practical knowledge through workshops led by Ms. Maude Daudin.
We welcome your feedback on this table. last update 26 january 2011
For more information about this ICN project please contact the project leader Klaas Jan van den Berg; k.van.den.berg@cultureelerfgoed.nl.
composition according to composition residues on paint surface properties and cleaning results
cleaning product (year of purchase) supplier / manufacturer analysed by: material (microscopy) handling remarks
(py)-GCMS potential hazards
0 10
manufacturer FTIR intact paint layer abrasion
0 10
supplier SEM/EDS organic compounds (GCMS) intact paint layer polishing
2
Smoke Sponge (2006) vulcanised natural rubber isoprene rubber few particles (0-5 per cm ) Rubbery texture; Even excellent cleaning.
mild soap (60 mg/kg) sulphur excellent contact with paint layer;
chalk sponge surface oxidizes and
becomes hard and unusable. abrasion 1
Conservation by Design Limited no compounds detected polishing 4
2
Akapad weich (2006) special filled vulcanised latex styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) many particles (> 50 per cm ), Rubbery texture; self consuming Even excellent cleaning.
Art. No 4101 vulcanized castor oil difficult to remove material; soft; orange colouration
antioxidant NG-2246 on gloves after use.
Akachemie abrasion 1
Deffner&Johann no compounds detected polishing 1
Akapad white (2006) special filled vulcanised latex styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) many particles (> 50 per cm2), Rubbery texture; self consuming Even excellent cleaning.
Art. No 4151 vulcanized castor oil difficult to remove material; more compact than
antioxidant NG-2246 Akapad Weich.
Akachemie abrasion 1
Deffner&Johann no compounds detected polishing 1
BIC, Galet (2009) synthetic rubber factis (vulcanised vegetable oil) many particles (> 50 per cm2), Rubbery texture; self consuming Uneven average cleaning.
chalk difficult to remove material;
inadequate for paint surfaces
BIC abrasion 8
local store SEM/EDS analysis not performed not analysed polishing 7
2
draft clean powder DCP3 (2004) Soy bean oil fiber particles (90%) sulphur vulcanized vegetable oil many particles (> 50 per cm ), Rubbery texture; Even average cleaning.
talcum powder (10%) talcum difficult to remove use with cotton pad or brush
erasers
neutral PH to avoid uneven cleaning and
Conservation by Design Limited Sulphur present polishing. abrasion 1
Archival Aids not analysed polishing 3
2
Gomme crêpe (2009) natural filtered latex isoprene rubber few particles (< 0-10 per cm ) Rigid; unflexable material Uneven moderate cleaning.
too hard to be used on paint
surfaces.
abrasion 8
Stouls not analysed polishing 8
2
Magic rub (2006) no information poly vinyl chloride (PVC) several particles (10-50 per cm ) Rubbery texture; self consuming Uneven excellent cleaning.
di-isooctyl isophthalate (DIOIP) material.
methyl-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP)
Sanford diethyleneglycol-dibenzoate abrasion 5
chalk plasticizers polishing 4
2
Edding R10 (2006) plastic eraser poly vinyl chloride (PVC) several particles (10-50 per cm ) Rigid; difficult to handle; Uneven excellent cleaning.
di-isooctyl phthalate (DIOP) too hard to be used on paint
surfaces.
Edding plasticizer to be expected abrasion 5
local stationer not analysed polishing 5
2
Pentel ZF11 (2009) no information poly vinyl chloride (PVC) few particles (0-10 per cm ) Relatively hard material; more Uneven excellent cleaning.
phthalates (DIOP) (DMP) (MEHP) flexible than the magic rub.
butoxytriglycol, dioctylazelate (DOZ)
Pentel chalk plasticizers to be expected abrasion 5
Stouls SEM/EDS analysis not performed not analysed polishing 4
Groom/stick (2004) natural rubber isoprene rubber product film Very sticky, mouldable; Uneven moderate cleaning;
molecular trap chalk picks up dirt. film of groom/stick (microscopy).
Rolled around wooden stick
Picreator Enterprises Ltd. for convenient use. abrasion 1
Conservation Resources no compounds detected polishing 1
Absorene (2009) no information white spirit product film Quite sticky, mouldable Uneven moderate cleaning;
mouldable materials
Paper and book cleaner starch Use fresh only. film of absorene (microscopy).
To be rolled with hands
Absorene Company Inc or pressed down on the surface abrasion 1
Absorene Company Inc SEM/EDS analysis not performed not analysed for convenient use. polishing 1
2
Kneedgum (2009) no information styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) several particles (10-50 per cm ) Quite sticky, less flexable than Uneven average cleaning.
Pelikan GE 20 isoprene rubber Quantore, even after warming
chalk by hands.
Pelikan abrasion 1
local stationer SEM/EDS analysis not peformed not analysed polishing 4
2
Kneedgum (2009) no information polybutadiene several particles (10-50 per cm ) Less sticky than Pelikan, more Uneven excellent cleaning;
Quantore Art.No. 964575 chalk flexable than Pelikan. film of kneedgum (microscopy).
Quantore abrasion 3
local stationer SEM/EDS analysis not performed not analysed polishing 1
2. composition according to composition residues on paint surface properties and cleaning results
cleaning product (year of purchase) supplier / manufacturer analysed by: material (microscopy) handling remarks
(py)-GCMS potential hazards
0 10
manufacturer FTIR intact paint layer abrasion
0 10
supplier SEM/EDS organic compounds (GCMS) intact paint layer polishing
2
Make up sponge (2008) no information poly urethane ether (tdi) few particles (0-10 per cm ) Very soft and flexible texture, Even excellent cleaning.
QVS triangle chemically stable material; organic becomes less compact after
compounds not to be expected rinsing with water.
abrasion 0
QVS SEM/EDS analysis not performed not analysed polishing 1
2
Make up sponge (2008) no information styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) few particles (0-10 per cm ) Very soft and flexible texture, Even excellent cleaning.
QVS rectangle Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) slightly more compact than the
diethyldithiocarbamate other make-up sponges tested.
mercaptobenzothiazole abrasion 0
QVS SEM/EDS analysis not performed not analysed polishing 1
Make up (2006) no information styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) not tested not tested not tested
präzisionsschwammchen isoprene rubber
Ebelin triangle Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT)
diethyldithiocarbamate
local drug store SEM/EDS analysis not performed not analysed
Make up sponge (2009) no information styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) few particles (0-10 per cm2) Very soft and flexible texture, Even excellent cleaning.
HEMA triangle Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) comparable with the majority of
diethyldithiocarbamate the make-up sponges tested.
mercaptobenzothiazole abrasion 0
HEMA SEM/EDS analysis not performed BHT polishing 1
Make up sponge (2010) no information styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) not tested not tested not tested
HEMA rectangle Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT)
diethyldithiocarbamate
mercaptobenzothiazole
HEMA SEM/EDS analysis not performed BHT
2
Make up sponge (2009) no information isoprene rubber few particles (0-10 per cm ) Extremely soft and flexible texture; Even excellent cleaning.
products to be used dry or moist
etos triangle Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) perfect contact with paint surface.
diethyldithiocarbamate
mercaptobenzothiazole abrasion 0
etos SEM/EDS analysis not performed minor amount of BHT polishing 1
Make up sponge (2009) no information styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) not tested not tested not tested
etos rectangle isoprene rubber
Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT)
etos SEM/EDS analysis not performed minor amount of BHT
Make up sponge (2010) no information poly urethane ether (tdi) not tested not tested not tested
Q20120 polyethyleneglycol (PEG)
long chain alcohols
benzoflex 2-45
Arkivproducter, Norway SEM/EDS analysis not performed long chain alcohols, benzoflex
Make up sponge (2010) no information poly urethane ester (mdi, sebacic acid) not tested not tested not tested
make up for ever tinuvin 292
HD -sponge tributyl phosphate (TBP)
SEM/EDS analysis not performed tinuvin, TBP
micro fibre cloth (2006) polyester (80%), polyamide (20%) polyethylene therephthalate (PET) few particles (0-10 per cm2) Woven cloth, produces threads Uneven average cleaning.
HandyClean, yellow (polyester) - Nylon 6 (polyamide) chemically stable material;organic when cut.
compounds not to be expected
abrasion 0
BLOKKER Advise: use with some water not analysed polishing 3
2
micro fibre cloth (2006) polyester (80%), polyamide (20%) polyethylene therephthalate (PET) few particles (0-10 per cm ) Woven cloth, produces threads Uneven average cleaning.
HandyClean, blue (polyester) - Nylon 6 (polyamide) chemically stable material;organic when cut.
compounds not to be expected
abrasion 0
BLOKKER Advise: use with some water not analysed polishing 4
microfiber cloth (2008) no information polyethylene therephthalate (PET) not tested Non-woven material. not tested
Vileda, blue (polyester) - Nylon 6 (polyamide) chemically stable material;organic not tested
compounds not to be expected
BLOKKER not analysed
Balbo powerpad (2006) melamine fibres melamine formaldehyde resin many particles (> 50 per cm2), Flexible open texture. Uneven average cleaning.
(foamed) difficult to remove
chemically stable material;chemical Tested dry.
products to be used moist
Balbo compounds not to be expected abrasion 6
BLOKKER Advise: use with some water not analysed polishing 0
absorbing sponge (2006) no information polyvinylalcohol (PVAL) based polymer few particles (0-10 per cm2) Smooth even texture. Even excellent cleaning.
Handyclean containing starch chemically stable material;chemical
compounds not to be expected Sponge is used moisturized.
water abrasion 0
BLOKKER not analysed polishing 0
2
Blitzfix (2006) no information polyvinylalcohol (PVAL) based polymer few particles (0-10 per cm ) Smooth even texture. Even excellent cleaning.
containing starch chemically stable material;chemical
compounds not to be expected Sponge is used moisturized.
water abrasion 0
Deffner&Johann not analysed polishing 0