details about prevalence and eco friendly management describes here

1. PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi
Department of plant pathology

2. Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
Family Solanaceae
Grows 100 cm (40 inches) tall
It's originated in South America
 Used from 10,000 years for food having 4,000 cultivars
Potatoes prefer soils a pH of 5.5 to 7.0 and low salinity.

3. Originated in South America where it has been used for more than 10000
years.
Presence of potato in Indo-Pak witnessed in 17th century (Hawkes,
1978)
In19th century, it spread throughout the world (International
Potato Center)
 World production 320.7 MT from 19.1 M hectare
 Pakistan contributes only around 1% in world production
 Pak produced 2.9 MT from 0.15 M hectare
(FAO, 2007)
 Potato tubers comprise more than 70% water content (Bojanowsky
et al. 2013)

4.  Dry rot is caused by Fusarium species including Fusarium sambucinum,, F. culmorum and Fusarium
oxysporum, under field and storage conditions (Boyd, 1972; Schisler and
Slininger, 1994).
 It Causes 6 - 25% in yield loss & up to 60% yield loss in storage (Chelkowski, 1989)
 Temp >10C favors and <5 inhibits the Fusarium growth

5. First-ever study on potato dry rot by Martius in 1842 revealed that the disease is
caused by a fungus named Fusisporium later on identifed as Fusarium oxysporum
(Saccardo and Traverso 1882)
13 diferent Fusarium species cause potato dry rot worldwide (Cullen et al. 2005)
In India, 9 species of Fusarium reported causing dry rots (Singh et al. 1987)
in Egypt, the F. sambucinum was identifed as the predominant fungus
(Gherbawy et al. 2019)
Worldwide, most of the commonly growing potato cultivars are susceptible to
Fusarium dry rot (Daami-remadi 2012; Heltoft
et al. 2015)
The most tolerant cultivar against dry rot was Desiree
In China 21 & Iran 43 cultivar screened resistant against dry rot pathogen (Du et al.
2012)

6.  . Some bio-pesticides Bio-save 10LP and 11LP (Pseudomonas syringae) are also
registered in the USA to control dry rots in potato (AlMughrabi et al.
2013)
 P. fluorescens VUPf506 was found efective for in situ management of F. solani
 Its restricts the 79% fungus control (Vatankhah et al.
2019)
 Some isolates of T. harzianum, T. virens, controlled F. sambucinum in tubers
stored at 24 °C for 4–6 weeks.
(Aydın 2019)
 Paecilomyces lilacinus and T. polysorum signifcantly reduced the dry rot caused
by F. oxysporum. (Kubar et al. 2019)
 Extract from brown algae reduced dry rot severity by 55% as compared to control
(Nawaim et al. 2017).

7. Rahul Kumar Tiwari et al
2020

9.  Planting disease-free seed tubers, avoiding tuber injuries during harvesting, providing
appropriate conditions for wound healing that provide good control to dry rot
(Stevenson 2001)
 10 –18 °C temperature is the right stage for tuber harvesting to avoid pathogen
(Knowles 2008)
 Planting certifed seed tubers having < 2% disease symptoms is recommended
(Secor and Johnson 2008)
 Early maturing cultivars are much more susceptible than the late maturing cultivars
Heltoft et al. (2015)
 6 weeks of soil solarization is found effective in managing Fusarium dry rot in fields to
reduce density of pathogen. (Saremi et al. 2011)
 The CO2 concentration above 5000 ppm indicates storage rots and/or insufcient
ventilation (Gottschalk and Ezhekiel 2006; Pinhero et al. 2009)

10. More than 13
species of dry rot
causing
Fusarium
reported
worldwide
Aggressiveness of dry
rot also difer. It
depending upon the
prevalent cultivars
and environmental
conditions
Marker-assisted
selection is the
need to identify
certain resistant
for this disease.
need to forward
genetic approaches for
identifying and
overexpressing genes
that inactivate or
detoxify mycotoxins
Successful management of dry rot will depend upon the additional research on the
identifed gaps and collaborative efforts of stakeholders (scientists, industrialists and
farmers).

11.  Kishan G, Tiwari R, Prakash G et al (2017b) Factors afecting mycoparasitism of
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by Trichoderma spp. Indian Phytopathol 70:397–399.
https://doi.org/10.24838/ ip.2017.v70.i3.72494
 Bojanowski A, Avis TJ, Pelletier S, Tweddell RJ (2013) Management of potato dry rot.
Postharvest Biol Technol 84:99–109
 Schisler DA, Slininger PJ (1994) Selection and performance of bacterial strains for
biologically controlling Fusarium dry rot of potatoes incited by Gibberella pulicaris.
Plant Dis 78:251–255. https ://doi.org/10.1094/PD-78-0251
 Sadf N, Chérif M, Hajlaoui MR, Boudabbous A (2002) Biological control of the potato
tubers dry rot caused by Fusarium roseum var. sambucinum under greenhouse, feld
and storage conditions using Bacillus spp. isolates. J Phytopathol 150:640–648. https://
doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2002.00811.x
 Nawaim A, Nefzi A, Jabnoun-Khiareddine H et al (2017) Control of Fusarium dry rot
incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tuberosi using Sargassum vulgare aqueous and
organic extracts biological control of soil borne pathogens. Artic J Microb Biochem
Technol 9:200–208. https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-5948.1000366