1. Hfnjfo' kl/jt{g / ljkbhf]lvd Goquot;
lgs/0f<br />–czf]s/fh kf]v/]n<br />ljZj kl/j]zdf hnjfo' kl/jt{g ug]{ sf/ssf] ?kdf g]kfnsf] of]ubfg gu0o dfq /x]tfklg o;af6 kg{ ;Sg] k|ltsquot;
n k|efjsf] b[li6sf]0fn] g]kfn ljZjs} cu|0fL :yfg cyf{t 5}+7f}+ :yfgdf kg'{nfO{ Pp6f tLtf] oyfy{sf] ?kdf :jLsfg'{ kg]{ afWotf xfdL ;fd' /x]sf] 5 . ljljw ;d:ofaf6 h]lnPsf] g]kfnsf] lglDt ljsl;t b]zx?n] u/]sf] hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] yk df/nfO{ ;d]t gh/cGbfh ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf eg] 5}g . To;}u/L kfgLhGo ljkbf lx;fan] ;+;f/d} #) cf}+ hf]lvddf /x]sf] g]kfn cGo ljkbf hf]lvdsf] b[li6sf]0fn] ;d]t ;+;f/s} pRr hf]lvd If]qdf kb{5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{g tyf cGo sf/0fx?af6 ljkbf] dfqf, tLa|tf / cfsf/df jif]{gL j[l4 eO{ g]kfndf jif]{gL ;of}+sf] ;+Vof dflg;x? Df[To'j/0f ul//x]sf 5g xhf/f}+ 3/kl/jf/ 3/af/ljlxg ePsf 5g/ c/af}+ a/fa/sf] ;DklQ gi6 x'Gf] u/]sf] tYo u[xdGqfnoaf6 af/Daf/ k|sflzt eO/x]sf] 5 .<br />g]kfnh:tf] clt sd ljsl;t d'n'sdf Psflt/ Ufl/aL lgjf/0f, zflGt / /fhg}lts l:y/tf, lbuf] ljsf; nufotsf y'k|} cx+ ;jfnx? /x]sf5geg] csf{lt/ hnjfo' kl/jt{g / o;af6 pTkGg x'g] ljgfzsf/L k|sf]k Goquot;
gLs/0f ug{sf nflu pko'Qm gLlt agfO{ sfo{qmd cl3 a9fpg' sd r'gf}lto'Qm 5}g . oBlk hf]lvd Goquot;
gLs/0f g]kfnsf] ljsf; / ul/aL lgjf/0fdf ;d]t Ps clgjfo{ zt{sf] ?kdf b]vfk/]sf]5 .<br />hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL cGt/;/sf/L lgsfo @))& sf cg';f/ dfgjLo ultljlwsf sf/0f x'g] hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f g]kfnsf] hnjfo'hGo k|sf]kx?af6 x'g;Sg] ;+s6fled'vtfdf tLa|t/ j[l4 x'g] hgfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] cf};t tfkqmd )=)^ l8u|L ;]lN;o; k|ltaif{sf b/n] j[l4 e}/x]sf] j}1flgsx?sf]] cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 eg] hn tyf df};d lj1fg ljefusf] cfFs8fcg';f/ ;g!(&% b]vL ;g@))^ ;Dd cyf{t #@ aif{leq g]kfnsf] cf};t tfkqmddf !=* l8u|L ;]lN;o;n] j[l4 ePsf] kfO{Psf] 5 .<br />clxn]s} l:yltdf tfkqmd j[l4 ePsf] v08df xfd|f clt dgf]/d lxd>[v+nfx?sf] lxpF kUng] qmd tLa|?kdf j[l4 eO{ gofF gofF lxdtfnx? aGg] / ltgLx?sf] eofgs ljikmf]6sf] vt/f ;d]t x'g] j}1flgsx? Tfs{ ub{5g. lxdtfnx?sf] ljikmf]6gn] If0fe/df ck'/0fLo Ifltkfg{ ;Sg] b]lvG5 / sfnfGt/df g]kfnsf gbLx?df kfgLsf] dfqf 36hfg] cj:yf b]lvG5 . h;af6 g]kfnsf] hn>f]t tyf ko{6g Joj;fodf ;d]t x|f; x'guO{ cfly{s pGGfltsf] ;kgf w/f;foL aGghfg] b]lvG5 .<br />ljleGg cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgsf cg';f/ tfkqmdj[l4sf] ;quot;
rssf] ?kdf pRRf kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qx?df;d]t nfDv'§] nfUgyfn]sf] tYo huhfx]/ 5 . o;}u/L r}q–j}Zffvdf km'Ng] kmquot;
nx? Dff3df km'Ngyfn]sf, kfgLsf d'xfgx? ;'s]sf, lr:ofgsf] sdLePsf sf/0f afnLgfnLsf] pTkfbg 36 yfn]sf], lu4, e+u]/f, /fhx+; nufotsf r/fx? sdL x'g yfn]sf] cflb cg';Gwfgaf6 yfxf eO;s]sf] 5 . cfsfz]v]tLdf lge{/ s[lif k|0ffnL ;dodf jiff{ gePsf sf/0f / t/fO{df af9Lsf] 8'afg, k'/fg / s6fgsf] ;d:of a9} uPsf], h;af6 v]tLof]Uo hdLgsf ;fy} a;f]af; tyf lhjLsf]kfh{gdf 7quot;
nf] c;/ k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . gbLx?df afn'jf tyf u]u|fg y'lk|g uO{ gbLsf] ;tx a9uO{ hf]lvd a9]sf] 5 . Kfxf8 tyf lxdfnL If]qdf klx/f]sf] dfqf a9} uPsf] 5 . ;'Vvf ePsf] sf/0f Jfg 89]nf]df j[l4ePsf] 5, eg] xfjfx'/L tyf cl;gfsf sf/0f afnLgfnL, 3/ tyf ljBfnodf x'g] Iflt a9} uPsf] cj:yf 5 .<br />hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] vfB tyf s[lif, kfgL tyf phf{, jg tyf h}ljs ljljwtf, :jf:Yo nufotsf If]qx?df k|ToIf c;/ kfl//x]sf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0fn] x'g] k|sf]kn] ubf{ oL k|To]s If]qx?df uDeL/ c;/ kfl//x]sf] 5 . o;y{ k|sf]k hf]lvd Goquot;
gLs/0f ;a} If]qx?sf] lglDt cGt{lg{lxt ;jfnsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .<br />k|sf]k hf]lvd Goquot;
gLs/0fsf nflu u[xdGqfno, cGo ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3;+:yfx?sf] ;dGjo / ;xsfo{af6 g]kfn ;/sf/ xfn;fn} ljkbhf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt @)^^ kfl/t ug'{nfO{ klg ;sf/fTds sbdsf] ?kdf lng'kb{5 . ljutsf s]xL jif{x?df u[x dGqfnosf] ;+of]hgdf dfgjLo If]qdf sfd ug]{ ;+3;+:yfx?sf] ;xof]udf k|sf]k kquot;
j{tof/L tyf kquot;
j{ dg;'g tof/L uf]i7Lx?x? ePsf 5g h'g s'/fnfO{ ;sf/fTds ?kdf lng'kb{5 .<br />hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 eljiodf x'g;Sg] jf kfl/;s]sf] gsf/fTds k|efj ;fdgf ug{sfnflu cg's'n kl/l:ylt ;[hgf ug]{ /0fgLlt jf sfo{ cg's'ng xf] . o;y{ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] cg's'ngsf nflu ljleGg If]qdf ljleGGf pkfox? cjnDaGf ug{ ;lsGf] b]lvG5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] s[lif tyf vfB If]qdf kfg]{ k|efjsf] cg's'ngsf nflu ;'VVff tyf sL/f k|lt/f]wL afnLx?sf] 5gf}6, afnL rqmdf kl/jt{g, afnL nufpg] ;dodf kl/jt{g, v]tLof]Uo hdLgnfO{ kfgL c8fO{ /fVg ;Sg]u/L ljsl;t ug'{ cflb k|lqmofx? ug{ ;lsG5 . vfBafnL, gub]afnL, t/sf/Lv]tL, kz'kfng, / jghGov]tL cflb ljljw If]qx?df sfo{ u/L hLljsf]kfh{gdf ljljlws/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . lghL If]q;+u ;xsfo{ u/L s[lif If]qdf aLdf Joj:yf ug{;s]sf] v08df s[ifsx?sf] hf]lvdnfO{ s]xL xb;DDf sdug{ ;lsG5 . o;}u/L kfgLd'xfg ;+/If0f, kfgL r'xfj6 Joj:yfkg, cfsfz] kfgL ;+sng, kf]v/Lx?sf] lgdf{0f, kfgLsf] ;d'lrt k|of]u cflbaf6 kfgLsf] sdLNffO{ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 . :jf:YoIf]qsf] xsdf ;'/lIft kfgL tyf tfhf vfgfsf] k|of]u af/]df hgr]tgf, hnjfo'hGo :jf:Yo ;d:ofsf af/]df cg';Gwfg, ;DalGwt ljifodf gLltlgodx? tof/ u/L nfuquot;
u/]df :jf:Yo;DaGwL ;d:ofx?af6 aRg ;lsG5 . af9L, klx/f], v8]/L nufotsf k|sf]kx?sf] af/]df ;quot;
rgf ;+sng u/L k|efljt x'g;Sg] JolQm jf ;d'bfonfO{ oyfy{ tyf pko'Qm ;dodf clu|d ;quot;
rgf k|jfx ug]{ k|0ffnL ljsl;t ul/Psf] v08df k|sf]kaf6 x'g;Sg] Iflt Goquot;
g ug{ cjZo klg d2t k'Ub5 .<br />ljutsf cg'ejx?sf cfwf/df hnjfo' kl/jt{g tyf cGo sf/0fx?n] x'g] k|sf]k hf]lvd Goquot;
gLs/0f ug{sfnflu tfTsflns ?kdf k|To]s lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no cGtu{t Pshgf :yfoL tyf ;dlk{t k|sf]k tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;Dks{ JolQmsf] Joj:yf x'g'kb{5 . x/]s lhNNff tyf uflj;x?df ljkbJoj:yfkg of]hgf / cfktsfnLg of]hgf tof/ ul/g'kb{5 . s]Gb|, lhNnf tyf :yfgLotxsf ljsf;sf of]hgfx?df hnjfo' kl/jt{g / k|sf]k hf]lvd Goquot;
gLs/0fnfO{ dquot;
n k|jfxLs/0f ul/g'kb{5 . <br />ljkbf b[li6sf]0fn] pRRf ;+s6fled'v /x]sf lhNnfx?df cfjZos vfBfGg, cf}ifwL, / u}/vfB ;fdfu|Lx?sf] aGbf]a:t ul/g'kb{5 . lghL If]qx?nfO{ ;d]t k|sf]k Hff]lvd Goquot;
gLs/0f / k|ltsfo{df ;+nUg u/fOg'kb{5 . :yfgLotxdf vf]h tyf p4f/, k|fylds pkrf/ tyf kquot;
j{;quot;
rgf k|0ffnL ;DaGwL tflnd tyf ;fdfu|Lx?sf] aGbf]a:t ul/g'kb{5 . lhNnf tyf :yfgLotxdf vt/f tyf hf]lvd GfS;fÍg ul/g'kb{5 . k|sf]ksf] 36gfePsf] cj:yfdf kqklqsf, /]l8of] tyf cGo ldl8ofx?sf] equot;
ldsf dxTjkquot;
0f{ ePsfn] pgLx?nfO{ tYok/s ;quot;
rgf tyf hfgsf/L lbg] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 .<br />k|sf]k Joj:yfkgsf If]qdf ePsf l;sfO tyf cWoogsf cfwf/df l;lh{t 1fgnfO{ sfo{?kdf abNg' cfhsf] k|d'v cfjZostf xf] . dfly rrf{ ul/Psf l;sfO{ tyf ;'emfjx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg u/L k|sf]k k|efljtx?sf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{sfnflu hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] d'2fnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{u/L k|sf]k hf]lvd Goquot;
gLs/0fnfO{ ;+:yfut?kdf cfTd;ft u/]sf] d:of}bf ljkb Joj:yfkg P]g tTsfn hf/Lug'{ cfjZos /x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] cg'squot;
ngsf] kIfdf sfdug{sf nflu /fli6«o cg's'ng sfo{of]hgf tof/ u/L lz3| nfu'ug{'sf ;fy} cfjZos gLltut Joj:yf ;d]t ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .<br />ljkb] s'g} klg ;donfO{ kv{b}g, rfx] Tof] ;+ljwfg n]vgsf] cj:yf xf]; jf /fhg}lts cl:y/tfsf] cj:yf xf];. t;y{ g]kfnh:tf] b]zsf] lglDt hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] cg's'ng / k|sf]k hf]lvd Goquot;
gLs/0f tyf kquot;
j{tof/L k|fyldstf k|fKt If]qsf] ?kdf /x]sf] oyfy{nfO{ ;a}n] cfTd;ft u/L ;f] adf]lhd oyflz3| kfOnfx? rfNg'kb{5 .<br />