My presentation at Rio's Internet Governance Forum (IGF) in 2007 on Technological Protection Measures (TPMs) also known to some as DRM - ok, I know there's a difference - and copyright.

1. Internet Governance Forum – IGF
A2K@IGF Dynamic Coalition
Impact of technological restrictions to
enforce copyright and "Digital
Rights Management" systems on access to
knowledge
Pedro Paranaguá
FGV DIREITO RIO
pedro.paranagua@fgv.br
Rio de Janeiro, 14 November 2007

2. what I will talk about ?

3. T P M

4. we could be in real rio . . .

7. piano player

1898: piano player

editors: went to the US Congress

prohibit the piano player

8. what did the US Congress do ? ? ?

9. piano player

denied the request

however: US$ 0.02 per piano player roll
levy

consequence: much more $, more creators, more
music, more public

13. Sony Betamax

1984: US Supreme Court

capable of non-infringing uses
time-shifting

14. result ? ? ?

15. Sony Betamax

Hollywood broadened its reach

earned $ with renting movies / VHS

16. DRM/TPM

DRM (digital rights management)

TPM (technological protection measure)

controls access and use of digital information

uses cryptography

17. Content-Scrambling System (CSS)
1996: type of TPM used on some DVDs

18. 1. if you are a teenager
2. if you are a tech. researcher
3. if you know how to search on Google

19. if you are a teenager . . .

20. DeCSS
1999: decrypted CSS

21. if you are a researcher . . .

22. Dmitry Sklyarov
PhD: "eBook security — theory and practice"

23. Dmitry Sklyarov

read it on your laptop or in another PC
other than the first one where you read it

read it on your PDA

print it to read on paper

read your eBook on GNU/Linux

lend to a friend

25. DVD region code

26. if you are not a specialist ...

35. only Microsoft Windows
WMA/DRM

36. song

37. song

38. song
WAV or MP3
http://megastore.uol.com.br

39. “Qual a diferença entre as músicas do Musig e as gratuitas
que estão na internet?
As músicas que você encontra gratuitamente na internet são
ilegais. Ao baixar uma música que não segue o padrão de
ilegais
DRM você está colaborando com a pirataria. Já as músicas
do Musig seguem o DRM e por isso são legais protegendo os
direitos autorais dos artistas, gravadoras e editoras. A
qualidade das músicas também é muito superior às
encontradas gratuitamente na internet.”
musig 08 de fevereiro de 2007

40. Interoperability
Apple's iTunes hits a sour note in Europe (FT)
iTunes (Apple)
Norway
Germany
Holland
Finland
France
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/b6d322a2-af3d-11db-a446-0000779e2340.html

41. interoperability + DRM/TPM
“Thoughts on Music”
Steve Jobs
6 February 2007
http://www.apple.com/hotnews/thoughtsonmusic/

42. “Big labels are f*cked, and DRM is dead”
Peter Jenner
(first Pink Floyd agent,
The Clash, Disposable Heroes etc.)
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/11/03/peter_jenner/

43. is he right ? ? ?

44. “The CD as it is right now is dead”
Alain Levy
EMI´s former CEO
October 2006
http://www.cbc.ca/technology/story/2006/10/27/tech-cddead-061027.html

45. then . . .
“Big labels are f*cked, and DRM is dead”

46. “Music is never going to be protected, and anybody
who tells you that is not being honest. Yes, you can
put up speed bumps, but the people who really want
to steal music are going to steal it. So you’re just
making it hard for people who want to do the right
thing to get the music they legitimately purchased
on the devices and services that they want.”
David Goldberg
Yahoo! Music
October 2006
http://www.publicknowledge.org/node/683

47. then . . .
“Big labels are f*cked, and DRM is dead”

48. just some (more) examples . . .

57. Access to Knowledge (A2K)
FGV School of Law Access to Knowledge
in Rio (A2K)
+
www.a2kbrasil.org.br

59. obrigado !
Pedro Paranaguá
pedro.paranagua@fgv.br