This document discusses testing software quality. It introduces Selenium, an open source tool for automating web application testing. It covers how to get started with Selenium, its architecture, API, and how to write tests using its Selenium IDE and various locators to find page elements. Examples of XPath and CSS selectors are provided. The document also discusses limitations of Selenium and alternatives that operate without a browser.

1. Dov'è il tasto Ok???
Michele Orselli

2. Who am I
Michele Orselli
– Developer @Ideato
– Email: mo@ideato.it
– Twitter: _orso_

3. This site is broken!
Credits: http://thedailywtf.com/

4. This site is broken!
Credits: http://thedailywtf.com/

5. This site is broken!
Credits: http://thedailywtf.com/

6. Testing and You
How do you ensure software quality?
– Testing?
– QA?

7. Testing Triangle
Credits: http://patrickwilsonwelsh.com/?p=32

8. Functional Tests
• Check a feature from the user's point of view
– Great for QA
• Pros & Cons
• Not a substitute for unit test

9. Selenium
Remote Control
– Java Based
– Open Source
IDE
– Firefox extension
– Record and Playback

10. Where to use it
• Acceptance Test
• Bug Report
• Performance
• Cross-browser compatibility

11. Selenium RC Architecture
Credits: http://seleniumhq.org/

12. Getting Started
Download
– http://selenium.googlecode.com/files/selenium-remote-control-1.0.3.zip
Unzip
Java -jar selenium-server.jar
– Options:
• port
• timeout
• log
• HtmlSuite
• -h show all available options

13. Selenium API
Browser-independent API
– Same test run on several os/browser
Bindings for several languages
Base API:
– Assert*
– Verify*
– WaitFor*

14. A first test (Selenese)
open /web/listaeventi.php
assertTextPresen
t
Faccio cose vedo gente
Plain HTML
Table:
... ... ...

15. A first test (PHPUnit)

16. Where's the OK button? (1)

17. Where's the Ok button? (2)

18. Where's the Ok button? (3)

19. Finding Elements
Identifing elements:
– identifier=id: @id/@name
– id=id: Select the element with the specified @id attribute.
– name=name: Select the first element with the specified
@name attribute.
– dom=function foo() { return document.links[1]; }; foo();
– link=textPattern
http://release.seleniumhq.org/selenium-remote/control/0.9.2/doc/dotnet/Selenium.html

20. Finding Elements
String-match Patterns
– glob:pattern:
• "*": any sequence of characters
• "?": any single character.
• Glob patterns match against the entire string.
– regexp:regexp: match a string using a regular-expression.
– exact:string: match a string exactly

21. Finding Elements (2)
Resolving strategies:
– dom, for locators starting with "document."
– xpath, for locators starting with "//"
– identifier, otherwise

22. Css Selectors
• all css1, css2 and css3 selectors (except namespaces in
css3)
– css=a[href="#id3"]
– css=span#firstChild + span
pseudo classes
– :nth-of-type, :nth-last-of-type, :first-of-type, :last-of-type
– :visited, :hover, :active, :focus
• pseudo elements
– ::first-line,::first-letter, ::selection, ::before, ::after
• examples:
– div#id, div.class, div > p > a
– a[href=”http://www.google.com”]

23. Xpath Selectors
Level Separator: /
Every Level: //
Wildcard: *
Attribute: @
Wildcard @*
Examples:
– xpath=//img[@alt='The image alt text']
– xpath=//table[@id='table1']//tr[4]/td[2]
– xpath=//a[contains(@href,'#id1')]

24. Demo

25. Limitation
Test are sloooooooow
– Reuse browser session
– Test are not indipendent
Expressiveness
– Build your own DSL on top of selenium

26. Beyond Selenium
Get rid of the browser!
– Framework-dependent approaches (eg: symfony)
– Generic, curl-style based
• https://github.com/enygma/frisk
• PHPUnitWebBrowser
• everzet.com/behat

27. Demo

28. We're done!
Q&A

29. Thank you!
Email: mo@ideato.it
Twitter: _orso_
Please rate my talk!
– http://joind.in/2120