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PANUNURING PAMPANITIKAN Kinilala, hinangaan, at ipinagmamalaki ng mga makata at manunulat na Pilipino sina Alejandro G. Abadilla at Clodualdo del Mundo bilang namumukod-tanging kritikong panitikang Filipino noong kanilang panahon. Sa bisa ng “Parolang Ginto” ni Clodualdo del Mundo noong 1972, si del Mundo ay nagsimula ng pamimili ng sa palagay niya’y pinakamahusay na katha ng mga buwan at taon. Ang panunuri at pamimiling ito ay tumagal nang walang patlang hanggang noong 1935. Samantala, kung papaano sa pamamagitan ng kanyang “Parolang Ginto” ay pinasok ni del Mundo ang larangan ng pamumuna o panunuri, si Alejandro G. Abadilla naman ay pumagitna sa larangan sa pamamagitan ng kanyang “Talaang Bughaw” noong 1932, na sagisag mula noon hanggang ngayon, sa buwanan at taunang pamimili ng pinakamahuhusay na akda, maging tula o akda man. Sa “Hindi na Uso ang Hindi pa Uso: Ang Kritika sa Panahon pa ng Iraq,” isang sanaysay ni Isagani R. Cruz ay sunud-sunod na tanong ang kanyang ipinukol sa mga mambabasa bilang paglalarawan sa mga nangyayari ngayon sa larangan ng panunuri na itinutumbas niya sa salitang kritika: Ano ba ang tayo ng kritika sa kasalukuyan? Ano ba ang uso ay hindi uso? Anu-ano ang mga isyu na nalutas na at ano pa ang hindi nalulutas? Sa madaling salita’y nasaan na ba tayo ngayon sa kritika? Panunuring Pampanitikan Ito ay isang malalim na paghihimay sa mga akdang pampanitikan sa pamamagitan ng paglalapat ng iba’t ibang dulog ng kritisismo para sa mabisang pag-unawa sa malikhaing manunulat at katha. Ang pagsusuring pampanitikan ay isang pag-aaral, pagtalakay, pagsusuri at pagpapaliwanag ng panitikan. Ito ay may dalawang sangay 1. Pagdulog a. pormalistiko o pang-anyo. b. moralistiko c.sikolohikal d. sosyolohikal 2. Pananalig a. klasisismo b. romantisismo c.realismo, d. naturalismo e. impresyunalismo f. ekspresyunalismo g. simbolismo h. eksistensiyalismo i. peminismo Mga Simulain sa Panunuring Pampanitikan 1. Ang pagsusuri sa akda ay dapat may uri at katangian ng katalinuhan, seryoso at marubdob na damdamin at ng tapat na mithi sa kalayaan. 2. Sa pagsusuri ng anumang akda ay kailangang mahusay ang organisasyon o balangkas ng lahok. Bahagi ito ng disiplina ng pagsusuri. 3. Sa pagsusuri ng anumang akda ay dapat maging maganda ang paksa, may kalinisan ang wika at organisado ang paglalahad. 4. Sa pagsusuri ay mahalagang mahagap ng may-akda ang kanyang piniling paksa, mahusay ang pagtatalakay at organisasyon ng material, malinaw ang balangkas na kinapapalooban ng malinaw na tesis o argumento na sinundan ng buong sanaysay, may naidagdag sa kasalukuyang kaalaman tungkol sa panitikan at mahusay at makinis ang pagkakasulat. Ang pahayag sa itaas ay nagmula kina Dr. Soledad S. Reyes, Dr. Loline M. Antillon at Prop. Tomas O. Ongoco na naging lupong inampalan sa Timpalak sa Pagsulat ng Sanaysay-Panunuring Pampanitikan sa Panitikang Nasusulat sa Katutubong Wika sa Pilipinas. Mga Simulain sa Panunuring Pampanitikan 5. Sa pagsusuri ng tula, ang pana
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YUNIT 1 : YAMAN NG KULTURA AT PANITIKANG PILIPINO
ARALIN 1: Kaligirang Kasaysayan ng Panitikan
-Sa paksang ito nakapaloob ang maikling paliwanag hinggil sa kung ano ang kahulugan ng panitikan at bakit napakahalaga ang panitikan sa bawat tao lalo na ang panitikan ng mga Pilipino.
Panitikan
Ang PPT na ito ay ang tungkol sa kaligiran ng Panitikan ng Pilipinas. Nakapaloob dito ang mga uri at ang iba't iba pang mga bagay na may kaugnayan sa panitikan.
KABANATA 1_ PERANCO_Panitikan-sa-Pilipinas-EDD_FILIPINO.pdf
Ang kursong FLT 717 na Panitikan sa Edukasyon ng Pilipinas o Philippine Educational Literature ay tatlong yunit na kurso na nagbibigay kaalaman sa mga estudyante sa mga araling sumasaklaw sa panitikan. Binibigyang diin din ang pagbabasa ng mga akdang pampanitikan na nakasulat sa iba’t ibang yugto ng panahon. Ang pagpapahalaga sa nasabing gawain ay isasagawa sa pamamagitan ng pagbabahagi sa klase ng mga nilalaman ng bawat akda. Ang mga kaalaman at kakayahang matatamo sa pagbabahagi ay maaaring magamit sa pagtuturo at pagkatuto ng panitikan sa Pilipinas.
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YUNIT 1 : YAMAN NG KULTURA AT PANITIKANG PILIPINO
ARALIN 1: Kaligirang Kasaysayan ng Panitikan
-Sa paksang ito nakapaloob ang maikling paliwanag hinggil sa kung ano ang kahulugan ng panitikan at bakit napakahalaga ang panitikan sa bawat tao lalo na ang panitikan ng mga Pilipino.
Panitikan
Ang PPT na ito ay ang tungkol sa kaligiran ng Panitikan ng Pilipinas. Nakapaloob dito ang mga uri at ang iba't iba pang mga bagay na may kaugnayan sa panitikan.
KABANATA 1_ PERANCO_Panitikan-sa-Pilipinas-EDD_FILIPINO.pdf
Ang kursong FLT 717 na Panitikan sa Edukasyon ng Pilipinas o Philippine Educational Literature ay tatlong yunit na kurso na nagbibigay kaalaman sa mga estudyante sa mga araling sumasaklaw sa panitikan. Binibigyang diin din ang pagbabasa ng mga akdang pampanitikan na nakasulat sa iba’t ibang yugto ng panahon. Ang pagpapahalaga sa nasabing gawain ay isasagawa sa pamamagitan ng pagbabahagi sa klase ng mga nilalaman ng bawat akda. Ang mga kaalaman at kakayahang matatamo sa pagbabahagi ay maaaring magamit sa pagtuturo at pagkatuto ng panitikan sa Pilipinas.
TEKSTONG DESKRIPTIBO - FILIPINO
- ANO ANG TEKSTONG DESKRIPTIBO?
- LAYUNIN AT KAHALAGAHAN
- PARAAN NG PAGLALARAWAN
- URI NG PAGLALARAWAN
- APAT NA MAHALAGANG KASANGKAPAN NA GINAGAMIT SA MALINAW NA PAGLALARAWAN
- HALIMBAWA
Building Connections.pptx
Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
Chapter 2-Functions of Art.pptx
Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
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TEKSTONG DESKRIPTIBO - FILIPINO
- ANO ANG TEKSTONG DESKRIPTIBO?
- LAYUNIN AT KAHALAGAHAN
- PARAAN NG PAGLALARAWAN
- URI NG PAGLALARAWAN
- APAT NA MAHALAGANG KASANGKAPAN NA GINAGAMIT SA MALINAW NA PAGLALARAWAN
- HALIMBAWA
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Building Connections.pptx
Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
Chapter 2-Functions of Art.pptx
Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
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Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
Describing and Analyzing Text.pptx
Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
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Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
CGP-Appendix.pdf
Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
2018 OCT.PREACHING.pptx
Books that are heavily and richly illuminated are sometimes known as "display books" in church contexts, or "luxury manuscripts", especially if secular works. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels and the Book of Kells. The Romanesque and Gothic periods saw the creation of many large illuminated complete bibles. The largest surviving example of these is The Codex Gigas in Sweden; it is so massive that it takes three librarians to lift it.
Other illuminated liturgical books appeared during and after the Romanesque period. These included psalters, and small, personal devotional books known as books of hours. These items were often richly illuminated with miniatures, decorated initials and floral borders. They were costly and therefore only owned by wealthy patrons.
As the production of manuscripts shifted from monasteries to the public sector during the High Middle Ages, illuminated books began to reflect secular interests.[7] These included short stories, legends of the saints, tales of chivalry, mythological stories, and even accounts of criminal, social or miraculous occurrences. Some of these were also freely used by storytellers and itinerant actors to support their plays.
The Byzantine world produced manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. With their traditions of literacy uninterrupted by the Middle Ages, the Muslim world, especially on the Iberian Peninsula, was instrumental in delivering ancient classic works to the growing intellectual circles and universities of Western Europe throughout the 12th century. Books were produced there in large numbers and on paper for the first time in Europe, and with them full treatises on the sciences, especially astrology and medicine where illumination was required to have profuse and accurate representations with the text.
The Gothic period, which generally saw an increase in the production of illuminated books, also saw more secular works such as chronicles and works of literature illuminated. Wealthy people began to build up personal libraries; Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century, is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, whilst a number of his friends and relations had several dozen. Wealthy patrons, however, could have personal prayer books made especially for them, usually in the form of richly illuminated "books of hours", which set down prayers appropriate for various times in the liturgical day. One of the best known examples is the extravagant Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry for a French prince.
Illuminated manuscripts housed in the 16th-century Ethiopian Orthodox Church of Ura Kidane Mehret, Zege Peninsula, Lake Tana, Ethiopia
Up to the 12th century, most manuscripts were produced in monasteries in order to add to the library or after receiving a commission from a wealthy patron. Larger
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dokumen.tips_panunuring-pampanitikan-ppt-567ff6ecd88b5 (1).pptx
- 3. Sa kasalukuyan, napakaraming magagandang babasahing pampanitikan. Sa mga karanasan at kaisipang ipinahahayag ng may-akda, matalas nating nakukuha o nasasalamin ang ating pinagmulan o kultura.
- 4. Ponciano Pineda Ang panitikan ay katipunan ng magaganda, mararangal, masisining, at madamdaming kaisipang nagpapahayag ng mga karanasan at lunggati ng isang lahi.
- 5. Simplicio Bisa ang panitikan ay salamin ng lahi.
- 6. Hon. Azarias Ang panitikan ay pagpapahayag ng mga damdamin ng tao hinggil sa mga bagay - bagay daigdig, sa pamumuhay, sa lipunan at pamahalaan at sa kaugnayan ng kaluluwa sa bathalang lumikha.
- 7. Paz N. Nicasio at Federico B. Sebastian Ang panitikan ay kabuuan ng mga karanasan ng isang bansa, mga kaugalian, paniniwala, pamahiin, kaisipan at pangarap ng isang lahi na ipinahahayag sa mga piling salita, sa isang maganda at masining na paraan, nakasulat man o hindi.
- 8. Teresita P. Capili - Sayo Ang panitikan ay lakas na nag – nag-uunay sa damdamin ng mga tao upang makita ang katwiran at katarungan, dahil dito'y masasabing lumilinang ang panitikan sa nasyonalismo ng mga mamamayan.
- 9. Lydia Fer Gonzales Ang panitikan ay nagpapahayag na kinapapalooban ng katutuhanan at pagpapahayag sa paraang nagpaparanas sa bumabasa ng kaisipan at damdamin ng manunulat, at sa paraang abot - kaya ng mangangatha o manunulat.
- 10. Jose A. Arrongante Ang panitikan at talaan ng buhay sapagkat dito nilalahad ng tao ang kanyang kaisipan at damdamin: sapagkat dito niya nilalarawan ng tapat, tunay at totoo ang kanyang mga kaugalian, saloobin at paniniwala.
- 11. Pamumuna sa akdang pampanitikan Maikling Kwento
- 12. MAIKLING KUWENTO KAHULUGAN: Ayon kay Edgar Allan Poe, ang tinaguriang Ama ng Maikling Kuwento ay isang akdang pampanitikang likha ng guniguni at bungang –isip na hango sa isang tunay na pangyayari sa buhay. Ito ay nababasa sa isang tagpuan, nakapupukaw ng damdamin, at mabisang nakapagkikintal ng diwa o damdaming may kaisahan.
- 13. Tinatalakay ang natatangi at mahahalagang pangyayari sa buhay ng pangunahing tauhan. Nagpapakita ng isang makabuluhang bahagi ng buhay ng tao.
- 14. Isaalang-alang sa panuntunan sa pagsasagawa ng pamumuna Kwento. 1.Ano panauhan, kalagayan, o kaanyuan mayroon ito? 2.Mahalagang papel ba ang ginagampanan ng pangunahing tauhan? Kumakatawan ba siya sa isang tunay na taong may suliraning dapat harapin?
- 15. 3.Maykatotohanan ba ang mga pangyayari? Anong damdamin mayroon ito? 4.Maayos at malinaw ba ang pagbabalangkas ng mga pangyayari?
- 16. 5.Mabisa bang napalulutang ang mahalang aral na nais ipahiwatig ng may-akda? 6.Mabisa, malinaw at angkop ba ang mga salita o kilos ng mga tauhan?
- 17. Paraan ng Pagbabalangkas ng Maikling Kwento I. Pamagat II. layunin/panimula Tauhan Tagpuan III. Mga pangyayari Simula Gitna Wakas IV. Aral