1. Dog-eat-Dog MadhurMangalam

2. …for a species…

3. minimally required area food distribution food density predation pressure ecological factors Schaik & Hooff, 1983

4. minimally required area feeding strategy food distribution food density anti- predation strategy predation pressure ecological factors behavioral responses Schaik & Hooff, 1983

5. minimally required area feeding strategy group cohesion food distribution food density group size anti- predation strategy predation pressure group characte-ristics ecological factors behavioral responses social structure Schaik & Hooff, 1983

6. minimally required area feeding strategy group cohesion food distribution group composition food density group size anti- predation strategy patterns in genetic relatedness predation pressure migration patterns group characte-ristics ecological factors behavioral responses social organization social structure Schaik & Hooff, 1983

7. minimally required area feeding strategy group cohesion food distribution group composition patterns in social behavior food density group size anti- predation strategy patterns in genetic relatedness predation pressure migration patterns group characte-ristics ecological factors behavioral responses social organization social organization social structure Schaik & Hooff, 1983

8. minimally required area feeding strategy group cohesion food distribution group composition patterns in social behavior food density group size anti- predation strategy patterns in genetic relatedness predation pressure migration patterns group characte-ristics ecological factors behavioral responses social organization social organization social structure Schaik & Hooff, 1983

9. …for dogs…

10. …for dogs… food distribution and density behavioral responses ?

11. …for dogs… food distribution and density behavioral responses ? predictability distribution visibility clustered high high scattered low low

12. …for dogs… food distribution and density aggression predictability distribution visibility clustered high high scattered low low

13. …for dogs… food distribution and density aggression predictability distribution visibility pet dogs (P) clustered high high stray dogs (S) scattered low low

14. …for dogs… food distribution and density aggression predictability distribution visibility pet dogs (P) clustered high high stray dogs (S) scattered low low stray* dogs (S*) stray dogs (S)

15. …for dogs… dominance hierarchy aggression high linear pet dogs (P) egalitarian stray dogs (S) low

16. …for dogs… time to open food pack (T) …predicts… less pet dogs (P) stray dogs (S) more

17. …by… - 15 pet dogs - 34 stray dogs -24 stray dogs -10 stray* dogs …49dogs

18. …by dogs…

19. …by dogs… time to open food pack (T) more pet dogs (P) null hypothesis rejected, α<0.05 stray dogs (S) less

20. …by dogs… time to open food pack (T) x stray* dogs (S*) null hypothesis failed to reject, α>0.05 stray dogs (S) x

21. …by dogs… time to open food pack (T) more females null hypothesis rejected, α<0.05 males less

22. …of dogs…

23. …of dogs… aggression high pet dogs (P) stray dogs (S) low

24. …of dogs… aggression high pet dogs (P) stray dogs (S) low

25. …of dogs… aggression high pet dogs (P) stray dogs (S) low …absence of ‘foraging optimization’ in pet dogs…

26. …of dogs… aggression x stray dogs* (S*) stray dogs (S) x

27. …of dogs… aggression x stray dogs* (S*) stray dogs (S) x …problem with the identification or not much difference in resource contexts…

28. …of dogs… time to open food pack (T) ? more females males less …sexual dimorphism…

29. Thanks