This document appears to be a science exam for 10th grade students covering topics in geology and plate tectonics. It contains 45 multiple choice questions testing students' understanding of concepts like plate boundaries, mountain formation, earthquakes, volcanoes, and geothermal energy. The questions require students to apply their knowledge of plate tectonics theory to explain geological phenomena around the world.

2. Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CALABARZON – 4A
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF LAGUNA
CALAUAN SUB-OFFICE
S.Y. 2023-2024
SCIENCE 10
1st Periodic Exam
Name: Date:
Grade and Section:
Directions: Read each question carefully, write the letter of the BEST answer on the space provided
before the number.
1. Mountain ranges, volcanoes, and earthquake occurrences are best explained on which of
the following theories?
A. Big Bang Theory C. Law of Gravitational Pull
B. Evolution D. Plate Tectonic Theory
2. Although Earth’s Mantle is basically having a solid part structure, it has also the liquid/ fluid
part of the mantle which commonly called ______?
A. Lithosphere
B. Asthenosphere
C. Atmosphere
D. Rhizosphere
3. Which of the following refers to the opening in the earth’s crust in which lava, volcanic ash,
and gasses escape?
A. Hot spring C. Hot spot
B. Mountain D. Volcano
4. The Ring of Fire (a series of volcanoes) is located in which of the following plate?
A. Eurasian Plate C. Pacific Plate
B. Nazca Plate D. South American Plate
5. Why are volcanoes formed when the two lithospheres move towards each other?
A. When plates collide, they elevate each other.
B. The magma rises to fill up the gap between lithospheres.
C. Magma becomes less dense and rises through spots.
D. Subduction happens so that heat and pressure cause the lithosphere to melt and rise as
magma.
2. Pangaea is one big continent 250 million years ago during the Permian Period. What
evidence supports the existence of Pangaea?
A. Presence of different bodies of water.
B. Existence of dormant volcanoes along fault lines.
C. Matching fossils found in different continents on the Earth.
D. All of the above.
7. Which of the following activities results in the formation of volcanoes?
I. Magma can rise when pieces of Earth's slowly move away from each other.
II. Magma also rises when these tectonic plates move toward each other.
III. Magma rises over hot spots.
A. I only C. II and III
B. I and II D. either I, III, or III

3. 8. The following are the results of Divergent plate boundary, EXCEPT
a. Rift Valley c. Mountain ranges
b. Earthquake d. Mid-oceanic ridge
9. The following are principles of Plate Tectonic Theory, EXCEPT

4. A. The Earth is divided into three parts (crust, mantle, and core).
B. The tectonic plates float on a partly molten layer of the Earth.
C. The winds are caused by convection which is due to unequal heating of Earth’s surface.
D. The movement of the Earth’s crust (plates) results on the formations of different land forms
and bodies of water.
10. Which of the following best explains the relationship of volcanoes to plate boundaries?
A. Volcanoes are formed only when Earth’s crust move towards each other.
B. Volcanoes are formed only when Earth’s crust move away from each other.
C. Volcanoes are formed only when magma rises from different hotspot located all over the
Earth.
D. Volcanoes are formed from the interaction of the Earth’s crust depending on the direct of its
movement.
11. Which of the following generally describes location of volcanoes?
A. Volcanoes are scattered all over the earth.
B. Volcanoes are located on oceans and other bodies of water.
C. Majority of volcanoes are located within or near plate boundaries.
D. There are no specific information describing the location of volcanoes.
12. What geologic event is most likely to happen at the given type of plate boundary
between A and C in the figure?
A. earthquake C. rift valley formation
B. mountain formation D. volcanic eruption
13. Indian plate and Eurasian plate collided that resulted to Himalayan Mountain ranges. What
type of plates are these?
A. both oceanic plates C. oceanic and continental plates
B. both Continental D. cannot be determined
14. If you visit a place in the Pacific known to be along converging plates, which of these
should you NOT expect to see?
A. Active volcanoes C. Trench
B. Mountain ranges D. Volcanic islands
15. Which of the following is NOT a cause of an earthquake?
A. Collapse of Cavern C. Lightning Strikes
B. Eruption of Volcano D. Moving Tectonic Plates
16. Which of these instruments is used in locating and identifying the magnitude of the
earthquake?
A. Thermometer C. SPEEDOMETER
B. SEISMOGRAPH D. INFOGRAPH
17. Which of the following sequences correctly lists the different arrivals of seismic waves from
first to last?
A. P waves ... S waves .... Surface waves C. Surface waves ... P waves ......S waves
B. P waves ... Surface waves ... S waves D. S waves ... P waves ......Surface waves
18. How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
19. What type of seismic wave travels compressional, can travel through solids, liquids, and
gases?
A. Instant wave B. P wave C. S wave D. Surface wave
20. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, which method is advisable to use?
A. Foil method C. Earthquake Method
B. Triangulation method D. Locating Method
21. Which of the following continents can be found the Rocky Mountains?
A. Asia B. Europe C. South America D. North America
22. What is the tallest mountain in the world?
A. Mount Fuji B. Mount Olympus C. Mount Everest D. Mount Kilimanjaro
23. What is a mountain range?

5. A. Any expanse of high ground.
B. A group of nearby mountains.
C. A group of nearby mountains, connected by high ground, and usually formed by the same
process.
D. A group of nearby mountains, connected by high ground, and always formed by the same
process.
24. What is the name of the mountain chain that runs along the Western margin of South
America?
A. Andes B. Cordillera C. Appalachians D. Himalayas
25. What type of mountain is formed due to compressional force from converging plates?
A. Fault mountain C. Fold mountain
B. Volcanic mountain D. all of these
26. Which type of stress occurs at convergent boundaries where plates push into each other?
A.
27. In a figure below, what type of fault movement happened?
A. Normal fault B. Reverse fault C. Strike-slip D. none of these
28. What is the fold where the rock layers form an S-shape as the sides of the rock are
compressed?
A.
29. Which layer of the earth has the highest density?
A. Crust B. Inner core C. Mantle D. Outer core
30. The upper portion of mantle is known as .
A. Asthenosphere B. Crust C. Lithosphere D. Fossil Sphere
31. The vibration direction parallel to the wave direction in the vertical plane is present in .
A. P-waves B. S-waves C. Surface waves D. L-waves
32. Which of the following statements is false?
A. the P-wave shadow zone is larger than the S-wave shadow zone.
B. Seismic waves follow curved paths through the interior of the Earth
C. P waves travel more slowly in the outer core than in the lower mantle
D. Liquids do not transmit S waves
33. What drives plate tectonics?
A. erosion B. thermal convection C. thermal conduction D. solar energy
34. Which of the following statements about the Moho is false?
A. the Moho separates the crust from the mantle
B. the Moho marks the top of a partially molten layer
C. the Moho separates denser rocks below from less dense rocks above
D. seismic waves speed up as they pass across the Moho heading downward
35. The Moho separates:
A. the crust from the mantle C. the lithosphere from the asthenosphere
B. the outer core from the inner core D. outer core and inner core
36. in which layer of the earth contains 85% of Iron?
37. What is a volcanic eruption?
A. It is a region deep within the Earth’s mantle from which heat rises.
B. It is a sudden violent shaking of the ground, causing great destruction.
C. It happens when the plate edges of the Earth’s crust move downward or sideways.
D. It is an event that happens when hot lava, ash and gases are discharged from a volcanic
vent.
38. Mt. Mayon is a volcano because .
Anticline B. Monocline C. Syncline D. Decline
Tension B. Compression C. Shear D. all of these

6. A. shield, it is constructed of solidified lava flows
B. cinder cone, it is formed exclusively of pyroclasts.
C. caldera, it was created when the summit was blown off by exploding gases
D. composite, it is composed of alternating layers of pyroclastic fragments and solidified lava
flows
39. The picture on the right shows what type of volcanic eruption?
A. plinian C. phreatic
B. strombolian D. phreatomagmatic
40. The Philippines ranked in producing geothermal energy.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
41. Which of the following is the CORRECT statement about Geothermal energy?
A. Geothermal energy is the heat energy present on the surface of the Earth.
B. Geothermal energy is the heat energy present in the interior of the Earth.
C. Geothermal energy is the heat energy present on the surface of the ocean.
D. Geothermal energy is the heat energy present from the outer space.
42. It is a type of machine where the wheels are driven by a fluid(gas/liquid) to produce work.
A. Transformer B. Generator C. Turbine D. Condenser
43. The following are factors affecting the viscosity of the magma EXCEPT
A. temperature of magma
B. size of the volcano’s crater
C. chemical composition of magma
D. amount of dissolved gases contained in the magma
44. Which of the following statements is the FIRST STEP in generating an electricity from a
geothermal energy?
A. The generator produces electricity from spinning of the turbine.
B. The excess water is being pumped back into the ground.
C. Electrical energy had been transferred to different circuits from the transformer.
D. Pumping the hot water from a geothermal resource.
45. Choose the LAST STEP involve how geothermal energy generates electricity.
A. The generator produces electricity from spinning of the turbine.
B. The excess water is being pumped back into the ground.
C. Electrical energy had been transferred to different circuits from the transformer.
D. Pumping the hot water from a geothermal resource.