Dna2
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DNA is made up of phosphate groups, sugars (deoxyribose), and bases (thymine, cytosine, adenine, guanine). It functions as the genetic blueprint for life, directing a cell's activities by specifying protein structures and regulating protein production. DNA remains in the nucleus and makes copies of itself while also transcribing mRNA to control growth and maintenance of life.
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Dna2
DNA is made up of phosphate, deoxyribose sugars, and nitrogenous bases, and it contains phosphate, amine, and carbonyl groups. DNA holds and copies genetic code along with its brother RNA. DNA provides the code for protein synthesis and copies itself to pass that code down to new cells.
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DNA is made up of phosphate, deoxyribose sugars, and nitrogenous bases, and it contains phosphate, amine, and carbonyl groups. DNA holds and copies genetic code along with its brother RNA. DNA provides the code for protein synthesis and copies itself to pass that code down to new cells.
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The document summarizes key aspects of the Companies Bill 2012 in India. It discusses the history of the bill and changes from previous versions. Some of the major changes covered include increasing the maximum number of members in a private company, introducing the concept of a One Person Company, mandating at least one woman director on boards, and increasing the limit of directors from 12 to 15. It also covers changes related to corporate governance, auditing standards, CSR requirements, and serious fraud investigations.
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This document discusses using student reflections and writing to assess learning. It presents ways to have students actively participate in their learning through back channeling, commenting on each other's work, and acting as student scribes who summarize and demonstrate their understanding for others. Benefits of student scribing include shifting control to students and improving social learning. The document provides examples of tools for student scribing, such as blogs and wikis, and discusses setting expectations and facilitating rich discussion through student comments.
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This document provides an overview of a biology lab experiment on isolating DNA from wheat germ. It begins by defining DNA and its location in cells, then describes the process of extracting DNA from wheat germ including using hot water to soften cell walls, detergent to remove membranes, and alcohol precipitation to isolate the DNA. The document also discusses how DNA encodes genetic information through base pairing and genes, and explains genetic modification of organisms through techniques like adding or removing genes.
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The document provides instructions for students to create a DNA model and complete a worksheet. It begins with an overview of DNA structure, noting DNA is made of nucleotides with four nitrogen bases that pair up in specific ways. It then describes the DNA double helix shape and replication process where the strands separate and each side is copied to form two new double helix molecules. Students are directed to build a DNA model and answer accompanying questions before dismantling it for storage.
Nucleic Acid
Nuclei acid is a naturally occurring chemical compound containing phosphoric acid, sugars, and a mixture of organic bases (purines and pyrimidines).
The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
DNA is the master blueprint for life and constitutes the genetic material in all free-living organisms and most viruses. DNA is the chemical basis of heredity and may be regarded as the reserve bank of genetic formation. DNA is exclusively responsible for maintaining the identity of different species of organisms over millions of years.
RNA is the genetic material of certain viruses, but it is also found in all living cells. The genes control protein synthesis through the mediation of RNA.
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Nucleic acids are macromolecules found in all cells that are involved in storing and transmitting genetic information. There are two main types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA contains the cell's genetic instructions and is located in the nucleus. It takes the shape of a double helix and can make copies of itself. RNA assists in carrying out the instructions in DNA and helps make proteins. Both DNA and RNA are made up of nucleotides, which consist of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), and a phosphate group. Nucleoproteins are proteins linked to nucleic acids and are important components of chromosomes.
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DNA is the hereditary material found in humans and almost all other organisms that contains the blueprint instructions for building and maintaining an organism. It is made up of nucleotides, which each consist of a sugar, phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases. DNA molecules form a double helix structure and are usually found in the nucleus of cells, with the bases pairing specifically between strands in a set pattern to form and regulate an organism.
Dna extraction lab
The document discusses strawberry DNA extraction. It notes that strawberries are octoploid, meaning they have 8 full sets of chromosomes, making them have a lot of DNA. It also notes they are soft and easy to pulverize. The DNA extraction fluid contained water, dish soap, and salt. Dish soap breaks down lipids in cell membranes to release DNA. Salt helps neutralize the positive charges on DNA to allow it to clump up and be visible. A microscope cannot be used to view extracted DNA as it would just appear as a mass of goo due to its molecular size.
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Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. DNA stores genetic information in its double-helix structure formed by base pairing of adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine. RNA has uracil instead of thymine and is usually single-stranded. DNA remains in the nucleus, while RNA carries DNA's protein instructions out to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
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Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA. They consist of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group. There are four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine or uracil. In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine. In RNA, adenine pairs with uracil instead of thymine. The sequence of these nucleotide bases in nucleic acids determines an organism's traits and functions by encoding genetic information. Nucleotides come together to form the polymeric structures of DNA and RNA, which play essential roles in storing and transmitting genetic information.
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This document provides an overview of DNA and how genetic information is stored and expressed. It defines key terms like DNA, proteins, amino acids, replication, RNA, transcription, and translation. It explains that DNA contains genetic codes called alleles that store the instructions for life by telling cells what proteins to make, such as those that determine skin color or texture. It describes how DNA is a twisted ladder composed of nucleotide base pairs that replicate to make copies of the genetic material before cells divide.
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Powerpoint presentation about DNA and RNA. It explains the idea about the characteristics and process involved in Protein synthesis.
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DNA Coloring Activity.pdf
This document provides a biology lesson on DNA and RNA structure and function. It contains sections on DNA structure, including its double helix shape. It also describes how messenger RNA (mRNA) acts as an intermediary to deliver DNA instructions to sites of protein production. Students are instructed to complete 20 multiple choice questions and color illustrations of DNA and RNA molecules according to a key.
What are nucleic acidsWhy are these molecules so important to liv.pdf
What are nucleic acids?
Why are these molecules so important to living organisms?
What are the basic structures of DNA and RNA? How are they similar? How are they different?
Solution
1.
Nucleic acids are the biopolymers or the molecules that allow the transfer of genetic material
from one generation to another generation.
These large biomolecules are necessary to all known forms of life.
The nucleic acids consists of nucleotides monomers linked together. Nucleotides consists of
nitrogenous base, five carbon sugar, phosphate group.
Nucleotides are linked together to form polynucleotide chains.
These are linked by a covalent bond and the linkage is between the phosphate and sugar
molecule and the linkage is called the phosphodiester linkage.
They are two types of nucleic acids they are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid ) and RNA
(ribonucleic acid ).
Phosphodiester linkage forms the phosphate sugar backbone of both DNA and RNA.
2. DNA contains the instructions for the performance of all cell functions.
DNA is a genetic material and it is organized into the chromosome and it is found in the nucleus
of the cell and it is copied from one generation to another generation.
RNA is essential for synthesis of proteins . The information contained within the genetic code is
passed from DNA to RNA and they results in the formation of proteins.
3. DNA is a double helical structure and it consists of purines and pyramidines which are four
nitrogen bases like adenine, guanine , cytosine and thymine and phosphate -deoxyribose sugar
backbone.
In a double stranded DNA adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.
RNA is a single stranded molecule . It consists of phosphate ribose sugar backbone and the
nitrogenous bases like adenine ,guanine ,cytosine and uracil.
In RNA strand, adenine pairs with uracil and guanine pairs with cytosine. The nitrogen bases get
bonded to each other by hydrogen bonds.
The DNA and RNA are similar in having three nitrogenous bases like adenine, guanine and
cytosine and they are also similar in phosphate group.
They are different in nitrogen base like in DNA ,they have thymine as nitrogen base and in RNA
, they have uracil. In DNA ,they contain the five carbon sugar as deoxyribose and in RNA , the
five carbon sugar as ribose sugar.RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded..
DNA VS RNA
DNA contains genes which are the blueprints that code for traits and proteins. DNA has a double helix shape and contains four nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. RNA assists in protein synthesis by allowing DNA to be interpreted and coded for various proteins.
D na and rna
DNA contains the genetic blueprint and is more stable for long-term storage, while RNA helps carry out DNA's instructions and is more versatile. DNA is double-stranded and found in the nucleus, while RNA is single-stranded and can be found in different parts of the cell. There are three main types of RNA - messenger RNA transfers genetic code from the nucleus, transfer RNA transfers amino acids, and ribosomal RNA translates mRNA into proteins in the ribosome. The key difference between replication and transcription is that replication duplicates DNA for cell division while transcription produces RNA copies of genes.
DNA
DNA is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all living organisms. It is composed of nucleotides containing phosphate, sugar, and one of four types of nucleobases. The nucleotides bond together to form two strands that coil around each other in the shape of a double helix. DNA stores the genetic code in sequences of nucleobases along its backbone and is located in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells or in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes, where it directs protein synthesis and cell division. James Watson and Francis Crick were the scientists who discovered the structure of DNA in 1950.
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The document discusses the process of DNA replication in cells. It begins by reviewing that DNA is found in the nucleus and stores the cell's genetic information. It then describes in three steps how DNA replicates: 1) The DNA helicase enzyme unwinds the double helix, 2) DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to each strand, and 3) DNA ligase seals the phosphate backbone. The document emphasizes that DNA replication is essential for cells to divide and for organisms to grow and develop.
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This document provides an overview of a biology lab experiment on isolating DNA from wheat germ. It begins by defining DNA and its location in cells, then describes the process of extracting DNA from wheat germ including using hot water to soften cell walls, detergent to remove membranes, and alcohol precipitation to isolate the DNA. The document also discusses how DNA encodes genetic information through base pairing and genes, and explains genetic modification of organisms through techniques like adding or removing genes.
DNA vs. RNA Science Poster in Light Blue Green Lined Style.pdf
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that store and transmit genetic information. DNA is a double-stranded helix that stores genetic information in the nucleus. RNA is a single-stranded helix that transmits genetic information and helps synthesize proteins. Both are composed of nucleotides with phosphates and sugars, though DNA contains deoxyribose and RNA contains ribose. They differ in their nitrogenous bases as well, with DNA containing thymine and RNA containing uracil instead. DNA replication is the process where a double-stranded DNA molecule makes two identical copies of itself, going through steps of replication fork formation, primer binding, elongation, and termination.
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The document provides instructions for students to create a DNA model and complete a worksheet. It begins with an overview of DNA structure, noting DNA is made of nucleotides with four nitrogen bases that pair up in specific ways. It then describes the DNA double helix shape and replication process where the strands separate and each side is copied to form two new double helix molecules. Students are directed to build a DNA model and answer accompanying questions before dismantling it for storage.
Nucleic Acid
Nuclei acid is a naturally occurring chemical compound containing phosphoric acid, sugars, and a mixture of organic bases (purines and pyrimidines).
The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
DNA is the master blueprint for life and constitutes the genetic material in all free-living organisms and most viruses. DNA is the chemical basis of heredity and may be regarded as the reserve bank of genetic formation. DNA is exclusively responsible for maintaining the identity of different species of organisms over millions of years.
RNA is the genetic material of certain viruses, but it is also found in all living cells. The genes control protein synthesis through the mediation of RNA.
Nucleic acid
Nucleic acids are macromolecules found in all cells that are involved in storing and transmitting genetic information. There are two main types of nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. DNA contains the cell's genetic instructions and is located in the nucleus. It takes the shape of a double helix and can make copies of itself. RNA assists in carrying out the instructions in DNA and helps make proteins. Both DNA and RNA are made up of nucleotides, which consist of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), and a phosphate group. Nucleoproteins are proteins linked to nucleic acids and are important components of chromosomes.
DNA
DNA is the hereditary material found in humans and almost all other organisms that contains the blueprint instructions for building and maintaining an organism. It is made up of nucleotides, which each consist of a sugar, phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases. DNA molecules form a double helix structure and are usually found in the nucleus of cells, with the bases pairing specifically between strands in a set pattern to form and regulate an organism.
Dna extraction lab
The document discusses strawberry DNA extraction. It notes that strawberries are octoploid, meaning they have 8 full sets of chromosomes, making them have a lot of DNA. It also notes they are soft and easy to pulverize. The DNA extraction fluid contained water, dish soap, and salt. Dish soap breaks down lipids in cell membranes to release DNA. Salt helps neutralize the positive charges on DNA to allow it to clump up and be visible. A microscope cannot be used to view extracted DNA as it would just appear as a mass of goo due to its molecular size.
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. DNA stores genetic information in its double-helix structure formed by base pairing of adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine. RNA has uracil instead of thymine and is usually single-stranded. DNA remains in the nucleus, while RNA carries DNA's protein instructions out to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
NUCLEOTIDEs structure and functions.pptx
Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA. They consist of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group. There are four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine or uracil. In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine. In RNA, adenine pairs with uracil instead of thymine. The sequence of these nucleotide bases in nucleic acids determines an organism's traits and functions by encoding genetic information. Nucleotides come together to form the polymeric structures of DNA and RNA, which play essential roles in storing and transmitting genetic information.
CELL REPLICATION.pptx
Protein synthesis involves transcription and translation. During transcription, DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus. The mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the cytoplasm for translation. Translation is the process by which the mRNA genetic code is used to produce a specific amino acid sequence or protein with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomes. The central dogma of molecular biology states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.
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This document provides an overview of DNA and how genetic information is stored and expressed. It defines key terms like DNA, proteins, amino acids, replication, RNA, transcription, and translation. It explains that DNA contains genetic codes called alleles that store the instructions for life by telling cells what proteins to make, such as those that determine skin color or texture. It describes how DNA is a twisted ladder composed of nucleotide base pairs that replicate to make copies of the genetic material before cells divide.
Dna vs rna
DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids but have some key differences. DNA is double stranded and contains deoxyribose and thymine, while RNA is single stranded and contains ribose and predominantly uracil. RNA acts as a messenger between DNA and proteins and helps in protein synthesis. Uracil is used in RNA instead of thymine in DNA because uracil allows RNA to be shorter-lived than DNA and was recognized better by early RNA polymerases. Thymine is used in DNA instead of uracil to protect DNA through methylation and ensure selective base pairing with adenine only.
DNA Vs RNA.pptx
Powerpoint presentation about DNA and RNA. It explains the idea about the characteristics and process involved in Protein synthesis.
Chapter ii (proteins nucleic acids and atp)
Ok so this is my 6th PPT of the series dedicated to the Human Anatomy. The humor is mine. So just change it to fit your needs. Hope this helps.
DNA Coloring Activity.pdf
This document provides a biology lesson on DNA and RNA structure and function. It contains sections on DNA structure, including its double helix shape. It also describes how messenger RNA (mRNA) acts as an intermediary to deliver DNA instructions to sites of protein production. Students are instructed to complete 20 multiple choice questions and color illustrations of DNA and RNA molecules according to a key.
What are nucleic acidsWhy are these molecules so important to liv.pdf
What are nucleic acids?
Why are these molecules so important to living organisms?
What are the basic structures of DNA and RNA? How are they similar? How are they different?
Solution
1.
Nucleic acids are the biopolymers or the molecules that allow the transfer of genetic material
from one generation to another generation.
These large biomolecules are necessary to all known forms of life.
The nucleic acids consists of nucleotides monomers linked together. Nucleotides consists of
nitrogenous base, five carbon sugar, phosphate group.
Nucleotides are linked together to form polynucleotide chains.
These are linked by a covalent bond and the linkage is between the phosphate and sugar
molecule and the linkage is called the phosphodiester linkage.
They are two types of nucleic acids they are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid ) and RNA
(ribonucleic acid ).
Phosphodiester linkage forms the phosphate sugar backbone of both DNA and RNA.
2. DNA contains the instructions for the performance of all cell functions.
DNA is a genetic material and it is organized into the chromosome and it is found in the nucleus
of the cell and it is copied from one generation to another generation.
RNA is essential for synthesis of proteins . The information contained within the genetic code is
passed from DNA to RNA and they results in the formation of proteins.
3. DNA is a double helical structure and it consists of purines and pyramidines which are four
nitrogen bases like adenine, guanine , cytosine and thymine and phosphate -deoxyribose sugar
backbone.
In a double stranded DNA adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.
RNA is a single stranded molecule . It consists of phosphate ribose sugar backbone and the
nitrogenous bases like adenine ,guanine ,cytosine and uracil.
In RNA strand, adenine pairs with uracil and guanine pairs with cytosine. The nitrogen bases get
bonded to each other by hydrogen bonds.
The DNA and RNA are similar in having three nitrogenous bases like adenine, guanine and
cytosine and they are also similar in phosphate group.
They are different in nitrogen base like in DNA ,they have thymine as nitrogen base and in RNA
, they have uracil. In DNA ,they contain the five carbon sugar as deoxyribose and in RNA , the
five carbon sugar as ribose sugar.RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded..
DNA VS RNA
DNA contains genes which are the blueprints that code for traits and proteins. DNA has a double helix shape and contains four nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. RNA assists in protein synthesis by allowing DNA to be interpreted and coded for various proteins.
D na and rna
DNA contains the genetic blueprint and is more stable for long-term storage, while RNA helps carry out DNA's instructions and is more versatile. DNA is double-stranded and found in the nucleus, while RNA is single-stranded and can be found in different parts of the cell. There are three main types of RNA - messenger RNA transfers genetic code from the nucleus, transfer RNA transfers amino acids, and ribosomal RNA translates mRNA into proteins in the ribosome. The key difference between replication and transcription is that replication duplicates DNA for cell division while transcription produces RNA copies of genes.
DNA
DNA is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all living organisms. It is composed of nucleotides containing phosphate, sugar, and one of four types of nucleobases. The nucleotides bond together to form two strands that coil around each other in the shape of a double helix. DNA stores the genetic code in sequences of nucleobases along its backbone and is located in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells or in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes, where it directs protein synthesis and cell division. James Watson and Francis Crick were the scientists who discovered the structure of DNA in 1950.
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