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The document outlines various wastage percentages and costs associated with different textile manufacturing and garment production processes: 1. Sewing wastage is 3%, cutting/finishing is 2%, print wastage is 2-3%, and embroidery wastage is 2-3%. Garment wash wastage depends on the type of wash and ranges from 2-3% for normal wash to 10-20% for pigment dyeing and wash. 2. Process loss for different dyeing methods ranges from 8-10% for solid dyeing to 15-18% for yarn dyeing of mercerized fabrics. Additional finishes can increase losses by 5-10%. 3. Commercial costs include $0
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Những lời nhắn gửi của một người cha với các con khi tuổi đã xế chiều. Hy vọng những ai đang có cha mẹ còn sống sẽ học được điều gì đấy từ câu chuyện này để không phải ân hận khi các đáng sinh thành đã ra đi mãi mãi.
Ετήσια απογραφή 2013-2014 Επαγγελματικών Λυκείων Περ. Ενότητας Φλώρινας
Ετήσια απογραφή 2013-2014 Επαγγελματικών Λυκείων Περ. Ενότητας Φλώρινας
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Ετήσια απογραφή 2013-2014 Επαγγελματικών Λυκείων Περ. Ενότητας Φλώρινας
Ετήσια απογραφή 2013-2014 Επαγγελματικών Λυκείων Περ. Ενότητας Φλώρινας
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Combined pretreatment lecture 6
This document discusses combined pretreatment processes for cotton fabric. Conventionally, desizing, scouring, and bleaching were done separately, but combining them provides benefits like reduced time, costs, and energy usage. Common combined processes include desizing-scouring + bleaching, desizing + scouring-bleaching, and desizing-scouring-bleaching. For a combined desizing and scouring process, persulfate compounds under alkaline conditions effectively remove starch and impurities. A combined scouring and bleaching process uses caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide to remove impurities and color. An example recipe for a combined desizing-scouring-bleaching process is also provided
Parameters of finishing machine
The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement. It is done after dying and before delivery to market. Various types of parameters are controlled during finishing section considering buyer requirement. The term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc. But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after bleaching and dyeing. However, fabrics which are neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.
Dyeing parameters
Special Instruction:
Fabric shrinkage must keep within ±5%
Color fastness should be 4-5 range
Pilling range 3 to 5
pH range 5.5 to 7
Fabric weight will be allowed ±02%
Fabric quality should be s per approved swatches & Lab-Dips.
Batch to batch color matching should be 4-5
Batch to batch “Shade Band Swatch” must be submitted for approval.
Dyeing parameter
This document provides production parameters and quality control procedures for dyeing and finishing a knit fabric. It includes details on:
- Special instructions for fabric properties like shrinkage, color fastness, and pH levels.
- Dyeing parameters like temperature, pH, time, and liquor ratios for different dyeing processes.
- Quality assurance system to check fabric properties before and after processing.
- Calculations related to dyeing capacity and chemical requirements.
- Finishing target details to control fabric quality like shade, GSM, shrinkage and spirality.
Wastage
Knitting, dyeing and finishing, and cutting were the major sources of wastage, accounting for over 85% of total wastage. Cutting had the highest wastage percentage at 51.3% due to low marker efficiency for baby styles. Dyeing wastage of 35.77% was primarily from scouring, bleaching, and peach finish. Suggested solutions included improving worker skills, using manual CAD pattern arrangement, and automating processes. The total wastage percentage was calculated to be 21.89% of raw materials, costing over $1,300.
GARMENT DYE SQUARE
The document discusses different ozone denim bleaching methods, including wet and dry processes. The wet process dissolves ozone in water in a sealed washing machine, while the dry process adds ozone to a sealed chamber without water. Ozone chemically reacts with indigo to convert it back to oxygen. The document also presents sample product information for t-shirts that have undergone ozone washing, including details on fabric, composition, washing process used, and pricing. It notes some limitations of different natural dyeing and washing techniques such as variations in shade and patterns between pieces.
robintex
The document provides an overview of an industrial attachment at Robintex (Bangladesh) Ltd, a composite knitwear company. It summarizes Robintex's operations including its production capacity and products, dyeing and finishing processes, quality control procedures, utilities and effluent treatment plant. Key details include Robintex's 7,500 employees, 8640 ton annual dyeing production capacity, 22 dyeing machines, quality testing for physical and chemical properties, and an on-site chemical effluent treatment plant.
FASTNESSES BEHAVIOUR OF TEXTILE MATERIAL
This document discusses various types of textile fastness testing, including procedures and importance. It covers color fastness to light, heat pressing, chlorinated water, and wash. Color fastness to light determines how color fades under light exposure. Tests involve exposing samples to light and comparing color change. Color fastness to heat and chlorinated water involve applying heat or chlorine solutions to samples and assessing color change. Color fastness to wash determines color change and staining when samples are laundered using standard detergent solutions and procedures. Proper fastness testing is important for the textile industry before bulk production to ensure colorfastness under relevant conditions.
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Distribution
- 1. Distribution:1 . S e w i n g w a s t a g e = 3 % 2. Cutting and Finishing=2%3 . Print Wastage=2-3% 4.Emb. Wastage=2-3% 5.Garment Wash wastage=5% above (Depends on wash type) Garment Normal Wash=2-3% Garment Enzyme Wash=3-5% Garment Stone Wash= 5-10% Garment Pigment dyeing & wash=10-20%Note: Wastage is variable depending on factory to factory. Process loss: 1.Solid Dyeing (Normal): 8-10%2. Solid Dyeing with Enzyme wash (Single): 10-12% 3. Solid Dyeing with Enzyme wash: (Double) : 12-15% 4.Elastane fabric dyeing: 12-14% 5 . Y a r n D ye i n g ( n o r m a l ) : 1 2 - 1 5 % 6.Yarn Dyeing (Mercerized): 15-18% 7.Special finish: Add 5-10% more with above Commercial cost : 1. BTB L/C opening,Accepting for yarn2 . P a c k i n g c o s t : 0 . 0 5 U S D / kg3.Transportation: .02 USD/ kg 4.Profit Margin (Variable depending on factory to factory Embroidery: Per 12000 Stitch = .25-.28 USD (Normal) 11 = .30 - .35 USD (Appliqué)Embroidery thread consumption Meter/ Body= Emb. stitch X .006Price of Emb. Thread= 1.30 USD/ Cone NormalThread contain = 3000 meter/ cone or 2000 meter / cone